1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 320及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Marvels of Medicine in the Twentieth Century. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. Introduction: Advances in medical sc
2、iencethe most important achieve ments made in the twentieth century 1. Development of vaccines and antibiotics 2. Discoveries of new diagnosis methods 3. Advent of genetic engineering, a new branch of biology Concluding remarks: Even greater wonders to be wrought in the 21st century 二、 Part II Readi
3、ng Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO)
4、 if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A Book That Changed Our Thinking By Karl Krahnke The Book America in 1962 was still emerging from the comfortable decade of the 1950s, a time in which life general
5、ly seemed good and many technological advances of the previous twenty or thirty years promised a happier, healthier, and safer future. But clouds were on the horizon, and many of the questions and doubts that would characterize the decade of the 1960s were already apparent. One cloud that quickly be
6、came a major storm took the form of a book that was published in 1962, Silent Spring. Silent Spring is one of a few books that have changed history. Silent Spring is about chemicals, specifically about one type of chemical chlorinated hydrocarbonsand more specifically about one famous member of that
7、 group, DDT. Many people who have grown up since the 1960s have not heard of DDT, but before Silent Spring, and for a number of years after ward, DDT and its relatives were important tools in the civilized worlds at tempt to control nature through the use of technology and chemicals. DDT is a powerf
8、ul insecticide and was used throughout the world to kill insect pests of all kinds. DDT had been discovered in 1939 and began to be widely used during the Second World War. For many years it seemed to be just one more miraculous product of modern science. DDT was used to destroy populations of many
9、harmful insects, malaria-carrying mosquitoes, lice, and flies. There is no question that DDT and similar chemicals did, and still are doing, a lot of good. The danger from insect-carried diseases such as malaria and yellow fever has been greatly reduced, and the lives of many people have been saved
10、and lengthened by their use. Silent Spring, however, told about the other side of DDT and its relatives. Using carefully collected scientific evidence, the author showed that DDT and similar pesticides had at least two dangerous side effects. One of these was the tendency of pesticides to kill all o
11、f the insects in the location where they were used. Not all insects are harmful, however. Many bees, for example, perform necessary functions, such as pollinating plants and even controlling the numbers of other, more harmful, insects. When useful insects are eliminated, the result has often been gr
12、eater problems than before the pesticide was used. A second problem with chlorinated hydrocarbons is that they do not disappear quickly; they are stable chemicals that accumulate in the bodies of insects and the birds and animals that eat them and continue to do harm when and where the effect was no
13、t intended. Birds are especially affected by DDT-type pesticides. Many birds eat insects and worms as food, and the chemicals that were in the insects collect in their bodies, frequently leading to their death. As Silent Spring demonstrated so clearly, the disappearance of many kinds of birds was du
14、e to the presence of pesticides in their food sources. Most importantly, Silent Spring brought to the world at large the beginning of an understanding of modern ecology. We began to see that the natural world we live in is made up of a number of plants, insects, and animals, some good, some not so g
15、ood, and that we cannot encourage or eliminate some without producing effects in many others, and even in ourselves. Silent Spring is a powerful book, beautifully and sensitively written, and it carries a strong message. It is full of complex scientific information, but it is equally a very human an
16、d caring book. It does not try to present a balanced picture or to find excuses for the mistakes we made with pesticides. It is an argument for a new and different way of looking at nature and our relation ship with nature. The book convinced many people that controlling nature was not always possib
17、le and was certainly not always a good idea. The Author Almost as remarkable as the story of Silent Spring itself is that of the books author, Rachel Carson. Ms. Carsons background and education did little to indicate that she would affect the publics thinking about pesticides in such a dramatic way
18、. She was born in Pennsylvania in 1907. Although she grew up in a family of five, she was especially close to her mother, who encouraged Rachels education and love of nature. The familys house was in a rural setting, and Rachel spent much time getting to know the wildlife of the area. She also loved
19、 writing, and even before finishing high school she was sending stories and poems to magazines for publication. Not surprisingly, then, when Rachel Car son went to college, she began as an English major with plans to be a writer. She attended a small womens college, Pennsylvania College for Women. I
20、n her second year, she discovered science and quickly changed her major to biology. As she explained, rather than losing her interest in writing, she had found what she wanted to write about. Carson graduated in 1929 and immediately went on to a graduate program at Johns Hopkins University. Supporti
21、ng herself by teaching and working as a laboratory assistant, she finished her thesis and received a masters degree in marine zoology in 1932. She taught part-time at several universities for a few years and then went to work for the U.S. government in 1936. Her first job was writing radio programs
22、on marine life. These radio scripts were turned into a magazine article and later into a book, Under the Sea Wind. Rachel Carson wrote and worked as a government biologist for a number of years. Finally, in 1951, The Sea Around Us was published and was highly regarded by the public and by scientists
23、. The book is simply a detailed description of the sea and the life in it, but it is written with the warmth and skill of a writer. Carson was given a National Book Award for her work. In 1955, Carson published The Edge of the Sea, a book about the shores of the oceans and the life on those shores.
24、It, too, was extremely successful. By this time, Rachel Carson had gained a reputation as a wonderful writer with a deep knowledge of science, especially on matters related to the sea. She was liked and respected by scientists and writers, but she led a very quiet and private life away from publicit
25、y. She lived with her mother and her grandnephew. By the late 1950s, Carson had become interested in a more controversial problem, the effect that some attempts to control insects were having on wildlife, especially birds, and on humans. She began working on Silent Spring. Although many of the peopl
26、e she had contacted for information about pesticides and their use had warned her that the book she had planned would be controversial, no one was really prepared for the attacks on Silent Spring after it was published in 1962. The book was as popular as her previous books had been, but many critics
27、, especially from the chemical industry and the government, called the book untrue and exaggerated. Angry reviews appeared in newspapers and magazines, and commentators on radio and television debated the arguments made in the book. During this time Carson remained largely quiet, although she made s
28、everal calm and sensible responses to the criticism. Unfortunately, she had developed cancer several years earlier, and she eventually died of it in 1965. Rachel Carson gave us a precious gift. She changed our thinking about science and nature and how we interact with nature. She did it not just wit
29、h fact and argument, but with writing that is as enjoyable to read as it is in formative. 2 Silent Spring is a book written about the use of DDT, a powerful insecticide, and its dangerous side effects. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The decade of the 1960s was characterized by the ever-growing suspicion of
30、 the civilized worlds attempt to control nature through the use of technology. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Silent Spring contained so much carefully collected scientific evidence that it was widely acclaimed as a significant book when it came out in the early 1960s. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The book Sile
31、nt Spring, to a certain extent, marks the beginning of our understanding of modern ecology. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The book Silent Spring has changed our thinking by providing us with an entirely new and different way of _. 7 In her book Rachel Carson asserts that “controlling nature“ _ and does no
32、t necessarily mean _. 8 Rachel Carson started writing before _. 9 She studies at Pennsylvania College for Women first with a major in _ then changed her major to _. 10 How many books did Carson write before Silent Spring, and what were their titles? _. 11 Rachel Carsons writings are both _ and _. Se
33、ction A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. Du
34、ring the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Pants. （ B） A suit. （ C） A coat. （ D） A blouse. （ A） In Rome. （ B） In Paris. （ C） In London. （ D） In Madrid. （ A） Hesitate to take any pills. （ B） Take two pills. （ C） Take eight pills. （ D
35、） Take the doctors advice. （ A） He got angry with his boss. （ B） He was frequently sick and absent from work. （ C） He prepared a financial report incorrectly. （ D） He always got to work late. （ A） Four hundred dollars. （ B） A little less than four hundred dollars. （ C） No money at all. （ D） A great
36、deal less than four hundred dollars. （ A） Get directions to the bus station. （ B） Get to the grocery store. （ C） Give the man directions to the bus station. （ D） Find out where the stoplight is. （ A） As identification to cash a check. （ B） To prove he is a foreign visitor. （ C） In order to obtain a
37、visa. （ D） The woman is an immigration official. （ A） Satisfied with their price. （ B） Displeased with their quality. （ C） Pleased with modern mass-production techniques. （ D） Dissatisfied with their technological complexity. （ A） Buy it. （ B） Rent it. （ C） Borrow it. （ D） Make it. （ A） Camping is u
38、nsafe. （ B） Camping isnt fun. （ C） He needs a lot of experience. （ D） He can camp anywhere he wanted. （ A） Buses. （ B） Bicycles. （ C） Showers. （ D） Schools. （ A） Homework. （ B） Seminar presentation. （ C） Health. （ D） Class attendance. （ A） There are too many students in the discussion. （ B） Some peo
39、ple dont let other people talk. （ C） Questions to discuss are too easy. （ D） She doesnt have time to prepare the discussion. （ A） She should quit as soon as possible. （ B） She should report it to the dean of the department. （ C） She should tell them its not the way to have a discussion. （ D） She sho
40、uld try to find a chance to join herself in the discussion. （ A） She was seriously ill. （ B） She cant take in what the professor says in class. （ C） She dislikes the way by which a conversation is conducted. （ D） She is bored with the way the professor gives his classes. Section B Directions: In thi
41、s section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） On housing. （ B） On economy. （
42、 C） On marketing. （ D） On choice of resources. （ A） Because we cannot make the choice. （ B） Because we do not have enough resources. （ C） Because we do not have a free housing market. （ D） Because education is more important than housing. （ A） By the government only. （ B） Through the market only. （
43、C） By the government and through the market. （ D） By government officials and economists. （ A） Tall. （ B） Green. （ C） Massive. （ D） Long-lived. （ A） By moving away. （ B） By calling for help. （ C） By climbing. （ D） By remaining with its group. （ A） Healing. （ B） Repairing. （ C） Growing. （ D） Moving.
44、（ A） The reader has trouble understanding what the author says. （ B） The readers expectations agree with what is said in the text. （ C） The reader asked questions and got answers. （ D） The reader understands a text very well. （ A） Read a text slowly. （ B） Read without thinking hard. （ C） Interpret a
45、 text in their own way. （ D） Concentrate on the meaning of words only. （ A） The development of our ability to check the details. （ B） Matching our expectations with the meaning of a text. （ C） The application of reading strategies. （ D） Determining the main idea of a text. （ A） The balance between l
46、ower and higher levels of comprehension. （ B） The balance between the readers expectations and the meaning of a text. （ C） The balance between conscious and unconscious and the meaning of comprehension. （ D） The balance between interpreting and criticizing a text. Section C Directions: In this secti
47、on, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks num
48、bered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Drunken drivingsometimes called Americas socially accepted form of murderhas become a national【 B1】 _ . Every hour of every day about
49、 three Americans on【 B2】 _ are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an【 B3】 _ 250,000 over the past decade. A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0. 10 blood alcohol content or【 B4】 _ three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours. Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American man image and judges were tolerant in most courts, but the drunken【 B5】 _ has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, espe
