1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Test for National Civil Servants. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1近几年兴起了一股国家公务员考试 (Test for National Civil Servants
2、)热 2产生这种现象的原因 3我的看法 Test for National Civil Servants 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the s
3、tatement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Hybrid Cars Have you pulled your car up to the gas pump lately and been shocked by the high pr
4、ice of gasoline? As the pump clicked past $20 or $30, maybe you thought about trading in your car for something that gets better mileage. Or maybe youre worried that your car is contributing to the greenhouse effect. The auto industry has the technology to address these concerns. Its the hybrid car.
5、 Youre probably aware of hybrid cars because theyve been in the news a lot. Most automobile manufacturers have announced plans to manufacture their own versions. What makes it a “Hybrid“? Any vehicle is a hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. In fact, many people have probably owned
6、a hybrid vehicle at some point. For example, a moped (a motorized pedal bike) is a type of hybrid because it combines the power of a gasoline engine with the pedal power of its rider. Hybrid vehicles are all around us. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains are diesel-electric hybrids. Cities
7、 like Seattle have diesel-electric(以柴油发动机发电的 ) buses these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are away from the wires. Giant mining trucks are often diesel-electric hybrids. Submarines are also hybrid vehicles some are nuclear-electric and some are diesel-electric
8、. The gasoline-electric hybrid car is a cross between a gasoline-powered car and an electric car. Hybrid Structure You can combine the two power sources found in a hybrid car in different ways. One way, known as a parallel hybrid, has a fuel tank, which supplies gasoline to the engine. But it also h
9、as a set of batteries that supplies power to an electric motor. Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels. By contrast, in a series hybrid the gasoline engine turns a generator, and the generator can either charge th
10、e batteries or power an electric motor that drives the transmission. Thus, the gasoline engine never directly powers the vehicle. Why Build Such a Complex Car? You might wonder why anyone would build such a complicated machine when most people are perfectly happy with their gasoline-powered cars. Th
11、e reason is twofold: to reduce tailpipe emissions and to improve mileage. These goals are actually tightly interwoven. Evolution of the Hybrid The hybrid is a compromise. It attempts to significantly increase the mileage and reduce the emissions of a gas-powered car while overcoming the shortcomings
12、 of an electric car. The Problem with Gas-powered Cars To be useful to you or me, a car must meet certain minimum requirements. The car should be able to: -Drive at least 300 miles (482 km) between re-fueling -Be refueled quickly and easily -Keep up with the other traffic on the road A gasoline car
13、meets these requirements but produces a relatively large amount of pollution and generally gets poor gas mileage. An electric car, on the other hand, produces almost no pollution, but it can only go 50 to 100 miles (80 to 161 km) between charges. And the problem has been that it is very slow and inc
14、onvenient to recharge. A drivers desire for quick acceleration causes our cars to be much less efficient than they could be. You may have noticed that a car with a less powerful engine gets better gas mileage than an identical car with a more powerful engine. Just look at the window stickers(有图形或文字的
15、粘贴标鉴 ) on new cars at a dealership for a city and highway mph comparison. The amazing thing is that most of what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horsepower! When you are driving along the freeway at 60 mph (96.6 kph), your car engine has to provide the power to do three th
16、ings: -Overcome the aerodynamic drag caused by pushing the car through the air; -Overcome all of the friction in the cars components such as the tires, transmission, axles and brakes; -Provide power for accessories like air conditioning, power steering and headlights. For most cars, doing all this r
17、equires less than 20 horsepower! So, why do you need a car with 200 horsepower? So you can “floor it“, which is the only time you use all that power. The rest of the time, you use considerably less power than you have available. Smaller Engines are More Efficient Most cars require a relatively big e
18、ngine to produce enough power to accelerate the car quickly. In a small engine, however, the efficiency can be improved by using smaller, lighter parts, by reducing the number of cylinders and by operating the engine closer to its maximum load. There are several reasons why smaller engines are more
19、efficient than big ones: -The big engine is heavier than the small engine, so the car uses extra energy every time it accelerates or drives up a hill. -The pistons(活塞 ) and other internal components are heavier, requiring more energy each time they go up and down in the cylinder. The displacement of
20、 the cylinders is larger, so more fuel is required by each cylinder. Bigger engines usually have more cylinders, and each cylinder uses fuel every time the engine fires, even if the car isnt moving. This explains why two of the same model cars with different engines can get different mileage. If bot
21、h cars are driving along the freeway at the same speed, the one with the smaller engine uses less energy. Both engines have to output the same amount of power to drive the car, but the small engine uses less power to drive itself. Hybrid Performance The key to a hybrid car is that the gasoline engin
22、e can be much smaller than the one in a conventional car and therefore more efficient. But how can this smaller engine provide the power your car needs to keep up with the more powerful cars on the road? Lets compare a car like the Chevy Camaro, with its big V8 engine, to our hybrid car with its sma
23、ll gas engine and electric motor. The engine in the Camaro has more than enough power to handle any driving situation. The engine in the hybrid car is powerful enough to move the car along on the freeway, but when it needs to get the car moving in a hurry, or go up a steep hill, it needs help. That
24、“help“ comes from the electric motor and battery this system steps in to provide the necessary extra power. The gas engine on a conventional car is sized for the peak power requirement (those few times when you floor the accelerator pedal). In fact, most drivers use the peak power of their engines l
25、ess than one percent of the time. The hybrid car uses a much smaller engine, one that is sized closer to the average power requirement than to the peak power. 2 This passage gives a general description of the advantages and disadvantages of a hybrid auto- mobile. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The series h
26、ybrid vehicle is sometimes directly powered by the gasoline engine. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In most cases, what we require a car to do uses only a small percentage of its horse power. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 With a view to improving hybrid performance, you can use composite materials to reduce weigh
27、t. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 We want to build a hybrid car partly because it has lower _ than a gasoline- powered one. 7 If the hybrid car needs to go up a steep hill, it can get extra power from _. 8 Compared with a big engine, a small one can improve the gas mileage by running closer to its _. 9 A m
28、otorbike is a type of hybrid because it uses two _ to run. 10 One of the advantages of the gasoline car over the electric one is that the gasoline car is relatively _ to refuel. 11 There are two different hybrid modes: one is called _ and the other series. Section A Directions: In this section, you
29、will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four ch
30、oices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Anna, the cook. （ B） Anna and Linda. （ C） Anna, Linda and the cook. （ D） Anna, Linda and the visitor. （ A） The man. （ B） The woman. （ C） Both the man and the woman. （ D） The woman did while the man didnt. （ A） On the 6th of Decemb
31、er. （ B） On the 7th of December. （ C） On the 26th of December. （ D） On the 27th of December. （ A） The man thinks the woman is wasting her time. （ B） The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time. （ C） The man is eager to know the womans answer. （ D） The man can wait and there is no need
32、for her to hurry. （ A） Language courses. （ B） Universities. （ C） British and American English. （ D） Literature courses. （ A） A professor and a student. （ B） A hotel manager and a tourist. （ C） A salesman and a customer. （ D） A store owner and his manager. （ A） Only Mr. Woods wallet was lost. （ B） He
33、ll pick up his wallet and identity card at the bank. （ C） Hell not go to the bank and the post office. （ D） Hell pick up his wallet and identity card. （ A） He wanted to ask the doctor some questions. （ B） He wanted to see the doctor. （ C） He wanted to pay the doctor. （ D） He wanted to see the nurse.
34、 （ A） She doesnt know which topic to choose. （ B） Her assignments are due on the same day. （ C） Shes concerned about the spotted owl. （ D） She dislikes her economics class. （ A） A scarcity of jobs in their field. （ B） Inadequate training in methods of biological research. （ C） Difficulties in classi
35、fying all of the varieties of owls. （ D） A lack of funding for their work with endangered species. （ A） It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl. （ B） Its population is increasing. （ C） It may not survive without special efforts of conservationists. （ D） Its role in the chain of evoluti
36、on has not yet been examined. （ A） Common causes of anger. （ B） Judging peoples behavior. （ C） Changing peoples attitudes. （ D） The effects of negative behavior. （ A） When theyre unable to control the persons behavior. （ B） When the causes of the behavior are obvious. （ C） When the consequences of t
37、he behavior are unpleasant. （ D） When the behavior is expected. （ A） Its not always clear why people behave in certain ways. （ B） People usually blame others for their mistakes. （ C） Certain conditions cause drivers to behave strangely. （ D） The reason for some behavior is Obvious. （ A） They usually
38、 accept responsibility. （ B） They blame factors beyond their control. （ C） They complain about their personal problems. （ D） They compare their behavior to the behavior of others. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some qu
39、estions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Its near the Mexico City. （ B） Its in Guatemala. （ C） Its stretched from the plains of central Mexico to the mountains of
40、Guatemala. （ D） Its in America. （ A） It has become a clumsy giant. （ B） The city has suffered from long-time famine. （ C） There was epidemic disease that time. （ D） It has been set on fire. （ A） Teotihuacan, once the home of 200,000 people, was the center of a large empire. （ B） Many archaeologists
41、are fascinated by the ruins of a pre-Columbia city called Teotihuacan. （ C） Teotihuacan, once a major metropolitan area, was destroyed by an invasion. （ D） A still unsolved mystery is why the people of Teotihuacan suddenly abandoned their city. （ A） For hunting. （ B） For protecting himself. （ C） For
42、 stimulation. （ D） For protecting the country. （ A） Males are arrested about four times more than females. （ B） According to the survey, 61% of all men feel unsafe in their own neighborhoods at night. （ C） More women arrested than men in juvenile runaway cases and prostitution. （ D） The police and c
43、ourt are required to be more kind to the female offenders. （ A） Rape. （ B） Burglary. （ C） Aggravated assault. （ D） Smuggling. （ A） Supermarkets provide cheaper foods. （ B） There is less delay in choosing in supermarkets. （ C） Food and meat are more clean and more tasty. （ D） Air-conditioning is at d
44、ifferent temperature. （ A） How to properly display the foods. （ B） How to keep perishable food frozen. （ C） How to keep the shelves rotating. （ D） How to make the adjustable shelves. （ A） Zero degree. （ B） 40-50 degrees Fahrenheit. （ C） 28-32 degrees Fahrenheit. （ D） 32-28 degrees below Zero. （ A） I
45、ts not popular. （ B） Its very new. （ C） Its catching on. （ D） Its on the decline. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, y
46、ou are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 Electronic mail
47、systems are either computerized or noncomputerized. Important among the computerized systems are the (36)_ ones organized into (37)_ of various sizes. Most noncomputerized electronic mail systems such as (38)_ units of various kinds are simple, turnkey systems that require little effort to (39)_.Tho
48、ugh often of value in (40)_ applications, these systems have only interim(间歇 ) worth in office automation (41)_ they can be electronically integrated. Communication in an EMS is either synchronous or nonsynchronous. People involved in synchronous communication must (42)_ be at the same absolute time
49、, such as (43)_ a telephone call. A nonsynchronous system (44)_at different times. Electronic systems output soft copy or hard copy. Soft copy (45)_, but many applications will (46)_. Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 48 The firs
