1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 337及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a passage of at least 150 words in the title of Cheating in Exams. Please follow the outline given below. 1. 许多人对考试作弊持否定态度，认为这是不诚实的表现。 2.也有人认为考试作弊情有可原。 3.你的观点。 二、 Part II Reading Comp
2、rehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the
3、 statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 GM Organisms By far the most common genetically modified (GM) organisms are crop plants. But the technology has now been applied to almost all forms of life, form pets th
4、at glow under UV light to bacteria which from HIV- blocking “living condoms“ and from pigs bearing spinach(菠菜 ) genes to goats that produce spider silk. GM tomatoes first appeared on British supermarket shelves in 1996 (a different fresh GM tomato first appeared in the US in 1994), but that the cons
5、umers were in favor of GM technology did not erupt until February 1999. This was because a controversial study suggested that a few strains of GM potatoes might be toxic to laboratory rats. Those experiments, subsequently criticized by other experts, were carried out in Scotland by biochemist Arpad
6、Pustzai. What followed was a European anti-GM food campaign of near religious fervor. Spearheaded in the UK by environmental groups and some newspapers, the campaign would have far-reaching consequences. It culminated in an unofficial moratorium (延期付款 )on the growth and import of GM crops in Europe
7、and led to a trade dispute with the US. GM crops are today very rare in Europe, strict labeling laws and regulations are in place for food (DNV = A bar codes), and public opinion towards the technology remains largely negative. Several UK government reports have offered qualified support for GM crop
8、s and produce, though they argue that the economic benefits of the technology are currently small. Some African nations have also opposed engineered crops, even to the point of rejecting international food aid containing them. GM produce has been taken up with far less fuss in the US (where it does
9、not have to be labeled), India, China, Canada, Argentina, Australia and elsewhere. However controversy over a type of GM corn -only approved for animal feed-which turned up in taco shells and other products stirred opinion in the US. Biotech Revolution The human race has methodically improved crop p
10、lants through selective breeding for many thousands of years, but genetic engineering allows that time-consuming process to be accelerated and exotic traits from unrelated species to be introduced. But not everyone agrees this represents progress. The root of genetic engineering in crops lies in the
11、 1997 discovery that soil bug Agrobacterium Tumefaciens can be used as a tool to inject potentially useful foreign genes into plants. With the help of that microbe, and other gene-implantation technologies such as gene guns, geneticists have developed a multitude of new crop types. Most of these are
12、 modified to pest, disease or herbicide resistant and include: soya, wheat, corn (maize), oilseed rape(canola), cotton, sugar beet, walnuts, potatoes, peanuts, squashes, tomatoes, tobacco, peas, sweet peppers, lettuce and onions, among others. The bacterial gene Bt is one of the most commonly insert
13、ed. It produces an insecticidal toxin that is harmless to people. Supporters of GM technology argue that engineered crops - such as vitamin A-boosted golden rice or protein-enhanced potatoes - can improve nutrition, that drought - or salt-resistant varieties can flourish in poor conditions and preve
14、nt world hunger, and that insect-repelling crops protect the environment by minimizing pesticide use. Other plants have been engineered to improve flavour, increase shelf life, increase hardiness and to be allergen-free. Geneticists have even created a no-tears onion to banish culinary(厨房的 ) crying,
15、 and novel caffeine-free coffee plants. “Frankenfood“ Fears Critics fear that what they call “Frankenstein foods“ could have unforeseen, adverse health effects on consumers, producing toxic proteins (and allergens) or transferring antibiotic-resistance and other genes to human gut bacteria to damagi
16、ng effect. But there has been little evidence to back up such risks so far. More plausible threats are that modified crops could become insidious (阴险的 ) superweeds, or that they could accidentally breed with wild plants or other crops - genetically polluting the environment. This could be a potentia
17、lly serious problem if “pharm“ crops, engineered to produce pharmaceutical(药物的 ) drugs, accidentally cross breed with food varieties( or seeds become mixed up). Large numbers of field trials, carried out by the UK government and others, reveal that gene-transfer does occur. One 2002 study showed tha
18、t transgenes had spread from US to traditional corn varieties in Mexico. A 2004 study revealed that conventional varieties of major US food crops have also been widely contaminated. Another study proved that pollen from GM plants can be carried on the wind for tens of kilometers. Many experts agree
19、that insect-repelling plants will also speed the evolution of insecticide-resistant pests. Normal crops are often grown alongside transgenic ones as refuges for the pests, in an attempt to prevent their accelerated evolution into “superpests“. Environmentalists also argue that growing GM crops affec
20、ts farmland biodiversity. Field trials to test for this have produced mixed results-some suggesting that GM crops actually boost biodiversity. Growing Globalisation Genetic modification of crops may offer the largest potential benefits to developing nations. However, the growing globalisation of agr
21、iculture is a trend that worries some. Activists and resentful farmers worry that the agricultural biotech industry is encouraging reliance on their own-brand herbicide-resistant plants (Roundup Ready for example), which could create monopolies. Companies such as Monsanto or Syngenta protect their G
22、M seeds with patents. In one well-known legal case a Canadian farmer was successfully prosecuted for growing GM Corn, though he claimed seed had accidentally blown on to his land. Companies have also investigated technology protection systems. One type of TPS, dubbed the Terminator system by its cri
23、tics, is a genetic trick that means GM crops fail to produce fertile feeds. This prevents the traditional practice of putting seeds aside from the crop to replant the following year, forcing farmers to buy new seed every year. However some biotech companies have pledged not to use this technology, d
24、espite the fact it could be a useful tool in preventing genetic pollution. A clever genetic variation on that theme, the Exorcist system, allows the production of fertile seeds, but with any foreign GM DNA spliced out and destroyed. The GM revolution has not been restricted to crops. A small number
25、of farm and laboratory animals have also been modified. These include: quick-to-mature GM salmon(大麻哈鱼 ) ,endowed with an early growth spurt, GM cows that produce casein-enriched milk ideal for cheese making, pigs bearing spinach genes that produce lower-fat bacon, goats engineered to churn (搅拌 )out
26、spider silk in their milk and mice that produce healthy fish oils. 2 GM technology is only used on crop plants. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 When GM tomatoes first entered British supermarket, it caused a sensation to the whole immediately. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Thanks to the European anti-GM food camp
27、aign, an official stopping of the growth and import of GM crops was resulted in Europe. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Most Europeans would not choose to eat GM foods. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 In order to prevent people from crying, the geneticists have invented the no-tears union_ . 7 The opinion that “Fra
28、nkenstein foods“ have had adverse health effects on consumers lacks enough _. 8 A lot of experiments conducted by the UK government prove that the appearance of _. 9 Study shows that the pollen form GM plants can be carried on _. 10 Environmentalists hold the view that growing GM crops affect _. 11
29、The type of technology protection system, which means the GM crops that fails to produce fertile seeds, is called _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what wa
30、s said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A house painter. （ B） A mailman. （ C） Her neighbor. （ D） Her husband.
31、（ A） He works all night and sleeps in the daytime. （ B） He works three nights every two weeks. （ C） He rests two days for every three days he works. （ D） He has twice as much work as he used to have. （ A） The test was harder than he had anticipated. （ B） He was lucky to pass the biology test. （ C） P
32、rofessor Martin is known for giving hard tests. （ D） He has never failed in biology. （ A） Rick will graduate from technical school soon. （ B） Its hard to find a good job nowadays. （ C） The woman wondered who had gotten the job. （ D） Rick hasnt found a job in such a tight market. （ A） Drive on throug
33、h the night. （ B） Check out of the motel. （ C） Cancel their motel reservation. （ D） Stop driving for the rest of the day, （ A） Ask the man to help her manage her money. （ B） Help the man learn to manage his money. （ C） Pay for the seminar. （ D） Go to the seminar with the man. （ A） Its the longest re
34、port shes ever written. （ B） Shes only half way done with it. （ C） Shell finish it in two weeks. （ D） She has spent less time on it than the man thinks. （ A） Shes watching the cars go by. （ B） Shes washing the car for killing time. （ C） The man should feel well soon. （ D） The man works harder than s
35、he does. （ A） The University faculty. （ B） The Student Association. （ C） Former students. （ D） No one. （ A） She describes them as grateful students. （ B） She describes them as brains. （ C） She describes them as successful students. （ D） She describes them as fun people. （ A） She is the organizer. （
36、B） She is contributing to some part of it. （ C） She is heavily promoting. （ D） She was a student once. （ A） On a mountain trail. （ B） In a classroom. （ C） At a weather station. （ D） At a planetarium. （ A） Convince the man that they should rest for a while. （ B） Teach the man about the types of cloud
37、s. （ C） Entertain the man with some interesting weather stories. （ D） Persuade the man to turn around and go down the hill. （ A） She runs a farm. （ B） She studies English. （ C） She teaches meteorology. （ D） She leads wilderness trip:. （ A） Take a break from studying. （ B） Go out to get something to
38、eat. （ C） Do something to cool off. （ D） End their hike. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best a
39、nswer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Almost the same through the ages. （ B） Showing different representative styles through the ages. （ C） Developing from pictures and signs. （ D） Developed by great calligraphers. （ A） Six or seven thousand years ago. （ B） Later than calligraphy. （
40、 C） Earlier than calligraphy. （ D） Earlier than what we know. （ A） Have the same origin with the calligraphy. （ B） Share some common features with poetry. （ C） Combine traditional Chinese painting techniques with those of the West. （ D） Evolve from pictures and signs. （ A） They eat huge mounts of fo
41、od. （ B） They usually eat twice a day. （ C） They usually eat to their hearts content. （ D） They eat much less than people assume. （ A） When it is breeding. （ B） When it feels threatened by humans in its territory. （ C） When its offspring is threatened. （ D） When it is suffering from illness. （ A） Th
42、ey are not as dangerous as people think. （ B） They can be as friendly to humans as dogs. （ C） They attack human beings by nature. （ D） They are really tame sea animals. （ A） To make recommendations on sensible dieting. （ B） To report the latest advances in physical therapy. （ C） To relate an experim
43、ent combining sleep and exercise. （ D） To offer advice about sleeping problems. （ A） Your heat rate is lowered. （ B） It becomes harder to relax. （ C） You become too tired to sleep. （ D） Sleep rhythms are disrupted. （ A） Failure to rest during the day. （ B） Lack of sleep on weekends. （ C） Vigorous ex
44、ercise in the evening. （ D） Eating cheese before going to bed. （ A） They might eventually cause you to lose sleep （ B） They help produce a neurotransmitter in the brain. （ C） You must not drink milk if you take them. （ D） They make it unnecessary to take naps. Section C Directions: In this section,
45、you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbere
46、d from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 We are rapidly near the end of this course in the history of【 B1】 _ music. We have covered several centuries in a very short time. Much t
47、oo short to do the music【 B2】 _ , of course, but then this year is the【 B3】 _ course. From now until the end of the term, well be talking about and listening to 【 B4】 _ music. You probably already know that it was in the 1950s that musical【 B5】 _ and synthesizers first appeared in university. The fi
48、rst【 B6】 _ synthesizers were sold about this time too. The【 B7】 _ and complexity of these【 B8】 _ have now increased to the point they can produce almost any kind of sound. 【 B9】 _ . You know I dont share this view, but I do agree we are in the midst of a ;evolution in instrument design.【 B10】 _ .Rem
49、ember weve already studied a similar case in the early nineteenth century when the piano replaced the harpsichord and modem brass and wind instruments came into being.【 B11】 _ . Well, just look at it. Only about 400 dollars for an electronic keyboard to nearly 3,000 dollars for a piano. Naturally, this has done a lot of increase sales of electronic instruments. But I dont think even the most ardent supporters of electronic instruments expect t
