1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 347及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a Campaign Speech. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 你认为自己具备了什么条件 (能力、性格、爱好等 )可以胜任学生会主席的工作。 2如果 当选，你将为本校同学做些什么。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehensio
2、n (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the stateme
3、nt contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Some Notes on Gender-Neutral Language General The practice of assigning masculine gender to neutral terms comes from the fact that every language reflects the prejudices of the s
4、ociety in which it evolved, and English evolved through most of its history in a male-centered, patriarchal society. Like any other language, however, English is always changing. One only has to read aloud sentences from the 19th century hooks assigned for this class to sense the shifts that have oc
5、curred in the last 150 years. When readers pick up something to read, they expect different conventions depending on the time in which the material was written. As writers in 1995, we need to be not only aware of the conventions that our readers may expect, but also conscious of the responses our wo
6、rds may elicit. In addition, we need to know how the shifting nature of language can make certain words awkward or misleading. “Man“ Man once was a truly generic word referring to all humans, but has gradually narrowed in meaning to become a word that refers to adult male human beings. Anglo-Saxons
7、used the word to refer to all people. One example of this occurs when an Anglo-Saxon writer refers to a seventh-century English princess as “a wonderful man“. Man paralleled the Latin word homo, “a member of the human species.“ not vir, “an adult male of the species.“ The Old English word for adult
8、male was waepman and the old English word for adult woman was wifman. In the course of time, wifman evolved into the word “woman.“ “Man“ eventually ceased to be used to refer to individual women and replaced waepman as a specific term distinguishing an adult male from an adult female. But man contin
9、ued to be used in generalizations about both sexes. By the 18th century, the modern, narrow sense of man was firmly established as the predominant one. When Edmund Burke, writing of the French Revolution, used men in the old, inclusive way, he took pains to spell out his meaning: “Such a deplorable
10、havoc is made in the minds of men (both sexes) in France.“ Thomas Jefferson did not make the same distinction in declaring that “all men are created equal“ and “governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed.“ In a time when women, having no vote, c
11、ould neither give nor withhold consent, Jefferson had to be using the word men in its principal sense of “males,“ and it probably never occurred to him that anyone would think otherwise. Looking at modern dictionaries indicate that the definition that links “man with males is the predominant one. St
12、udies of college students and school children indicate that even when the broad definitions of “msn“ and “men“ are taught, they tend to conjure up images of male people only. We would never use the sentence “A girl grows up to be a man,“ because we assume the narrower definition of the word man. The
13、 Pronoun Problem The first grammars of modern English were written in the 16th and 17th centuries. They were mainly intended to help boys from upper class families prepare for the study of Latin, a language most scholars considered superior to English. The male authors of these earliest English gram
14、mars wrote for male readers in an age when few women were literate. The masculine-gender pronouns(代词 ) did not reflect a belief that masculine pronouns could refer to both sexes. The grammars of this period contain no indication that masculine pronouns were sex-inclusive when used in general referen
15、ces. Instead these pronouns reflected the reality of male cultural dominance and the male-centered world view that resulted. “He“ started to be used as a generic pronoun by grammarians who were trying to change a long-established tradition of using “they“ as a singular pronoun. In 1850 an Act of Par
16、liament gave official sanction(批准 )to the recently invented concept of the “generic“ he. In the language used in acts of Parliament, the new law said, “words importing the masculine gender shall be deemed and taken to include females.“ Although similar language in contracts and other legal documents
17、 subsequently helped reinforce this grammatical edict in all English-speaking countries, it was often conveniently ignored. In 1879, for example, a move to admit female physicians to the all-male Massachusetts Medical Society was effectively blocked on the grounds that the societys by-laws describin
18、g membership used the pronoun he. Just as “man“ is not truly generic in the 1990s, “he“ is not a true generic pronoun. Studies have confirmed that most people understand “he“ to refer to men only. Sentences like “A doctor is a busy person; he must be able to balance a million obligations at once“ im
19、ply that all doctors are men. As a result of the fact that “he“ is read by many as a masculine pronoun, many people, especially women, have come to feel that the generic pronouns excludes women. This means that more and more people find the use of such a pronoun problematic. Solving the Pronoun Prob
20、lem They as a Singular -Most people, when writing and speaking informally, rely on singular they as a matter of course: “If you love someone, set them free“ (Sting). If you pay attention to your own speech, youll probably catch yourself using the same construction yourself. “Its enough to drive anyo
21、ne out of their senses“ (George Bernard Shaw). “I shouldnt like to punish anyone, even ii theyd done me wrong“ (George Eliot). Some people are annoyed by the incorrect grammar that this solution necessitates, but this construction is used more and more frequently. He or She-Despite the charge of clu
22、msiness, double-pronoun constructions have made a comeback: “To be black in this country is simply too pervasive an experience for any writer to omit from her or his work,“ wrote Samuel R. Delany. Overuse of this solution can be awkward, however. Pluralizing-A writer can often recast material in the
23、 plural. For instance, instead of “As he advances in his program, the medical student has increasing opportunities for clinical work,“ try “As they advance in their program, medical students have increasing opportunities for clinical work“ Eliminating Pronouns-Avoid having to use pronouns at all; in
24、stead of “a first grader can feed and dress himself,“ you could write, “a first grader can eat find get dressed without assistance.“ Further Alternatives-he she or s/he, using one instead of he, or using a new generic pronoun (thon, co, E, try, hash, hit). 2 “Man“ could be used to refer to female hu
25、man being in the past. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 In “all men are created equal“ in Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson, the word “men“ refer to both males and females whether they have vote right or not. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In 1879, Massachusetts Medical Society refused to admit more t
26、han ten female physicians because the societys by-laws describing membership used the pronoun he. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The first grammars of modern English were written in order to help boys from the upper class prepare for the study of Latin. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 “Man“ paralleled the Latin wo
27、rd “homo“ which means _. 7 Studies show that even when students are taught the broad definition of “man“ and “men“, they think of _. 8 Grammarians started to use “he“ as a generic pronoun because they were trying to change a tradition of using “they“ as _. 9 When most people read the word “he“, they
28、 would understand it to rater to _. 10 Although some people are annoyed by _ of singular they, this construction is used more and more frequently to solve the pronoun problem. 11 Another way of solving the pronoun problem is to use _ instead of the singular. Section A Directions: In this section, yo
29、u will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four
30、choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） 1:50. （ B） 1:55. （ C） 2:00. （ D） 2:05. （ A） The photograph is not good enough to send. （ B） The photograph was not taken at the Grand Canyon. （ C） They already sent Mary a photograph of their vacation. （ D） Sending pictures thro
31、ugh the mail is too expensive. （ A） She should have asked to be excused from the trip. （ B） She deserves the zero. （ C） She is right to be angry. （ D） She should have gone on the field trip. （ A） He wants to live off campus. （ B） There are advantages and disadvantages to living off campus. （ C） Livi
32、ng space in the dorm is crowded. （ D） There are only a few apartments available off campus. （ A） Turn down the volume of the music. （ B） Turn the music off. （ C） Play a different style of music. （ D） Listen to music in a different room. （ A） Move some boxes. （ B） Read history books. （ C） Attend hist
33、ory classes. （ D） Watch the boxing game. （ A） Cancel their assignment. （ B） Allow them to hand in their assignment a few days later. （ C） Help them to write part of the assignment. （ D） Explain to them what the assignment was. （ A） He should have read the b6ok instead of going to the movie. （ B） He
34、should have gone to the movie instead of reading the book. （ C） Reading the book will help the man understand the movie better. （ D） She thinks the book is easier to understand than the movie. （ A） The CPU is broken. （ B） The screen is flashing （ C） It doesnt w0rk. （ D） It dropped to the floor. （ A）
35、 The company will compensate the customer. （ B） The company will refund the customers money. （ C） The company will replace it. （ D） The company will do nothing about it. （ A） Exchange the computer for the woman. （ B） Refund the womens money. （ C） Give the woman anything she likes in the store. （ D）
36、Give the woman a store credit with which she can buy anything in the store. （ A） Its a concert, （ B） Its a circus. （ C） Its a game. （ D） Its a movie. （ A） Romantic lighting, （ B） Fantastic music. （ C） Amazing costumes. （ D） Animal performers. （ A） Trainers. （ B） Clowns. （ C） Acrobats. （ D） Magicians
37、. （ A） Go to see Cirque du Soleil in town. （ B） Go shopping. （ C） Go to meet the magician. （ D） Go to see Cirque du Soleil with the woman. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questio
38、ns will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The weather win be clear and fine. （ B） Rain will probably come. （ C） There will be a fog. （ D） Fine weather will continue. （ A） The following day will be fine. （
39、B） Fine weather will continue. （ C） Rainy weather will probably come. （ D） The rain will stop. （ A） By studying the signs around them with eyes and brains. （ B） By changing the weather. （ C） By controlling the weather. （ D） By listening to others advice. （ A） To develop a savings plan. （ B） To set u
40、p a bank account. （ C） To set clear investing goals. （ D） To work out the budget. （ A） A wide selection of investments. （ B） A limited range of stocks. （ C） A group o f low risk bonds and cash. （ D） A variety of funds. （ A） Because the market has both up and down years. （ B） Because you can get bigg
41、er guaranteed returns. （ C） Because 30% returns can be achieved with the right stocks. （ D） Because you have to weather the storm. （ A） Food is no longer a basic need for us, while it was for primitive people. （ B） We eat a wide variety of food. （ C） We no longer eat fruit that primitive people ever
42、 ate. （ D） We eat more food than primitive people did. （ A） It is needed to adjust the temperature of our bodies. （ B） It is our second need. （ C） We need clothing to cover our bodies. （ D） Weather is changing all the time. （ A） The climate. （ B） Ones social position. （ C） The materials available. （
43、 D） Family size. （ A） Human Basic Needs. （ B） Material Comfort. （ C） Food: Human Basic Need. （ D） Basic Necessities of Life. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When
44、 the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just
45、heard or write down the 36 Millions of young people are creating blogs. Millions of others are reading them. The word “blog“ is a short way of saying Web log. Many popular【 B1】 _ now offer free, easy ways to create personal Web pages and fill them with writings and pictures: Many young adults use th
46、eir blogs to write about daily【 B2】_ and events in their lives. They also provide a place for people to write their ideas and【 B3】 _ and react to the ideas of others. Blogs offer young people a place to show their writings and other forms of【 B4】 _ . Blogs can also be helpful to connect young people
47、 with larger social groups. But some researchers say the【 B5】 _ harmless blogs can become dangerous when read on the【 B6】_ by millions of people all over the world. People are【 B7】 _ that students are including information in their blogs that create a threat to their own【 B8】 _ and safety.【 B9】 _ .
48、This personal information puts them at risk of being sought out by dangerous people who want to harm them. 【 B10】 _ . One way to avoid these problems is by using programs that permit blogs to be read by “friends only“.【 B11】 _ . 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】
49、 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. 47 Of 2, 000 commercial beekeepers in the United States about half migrate. Migratory beekeeping is nothing new. The ancient Egyptians moved clay hives, probably on rafts, down the Nile to follow the
