1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 349及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Automobiles. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 汽车给人类带来的益处； 2汽车给人类带来的副作用； 3我的观点。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehens
2、ion (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the state
3、ment contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A Brief History of Clock Clocks At best, historians know that 5,000-6,000 years ago, great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa started to examine forms of clock-m
4、aking instead of working with only the monthly and annual calendar. Little is known on exactly how these forms worked or indeed the actual deconstruction of the time, but it has been suggested that the intention was to maximize time available to achieve more as the size of the population grew. Perha
5、ps such future periods of time were intended to benefit the community by allotting specific lengths of time to tasks. Was this the beginning of the working week? Sun Clocks With the disappearance of any ancient civilization, such as the Sumerian culture, knowledge is also lost. Whilst we can only hy
6、pothesize on the reasons of why the equivalent to the modern wristwatch was never completed, we know that the ancient Egyptians were next to layout a system of dividing the day into parts, similar to hours. “Obelisks“ (tall four-sided tapered monuments) were carefully constructed and even purposeful
7、ly geographically located around 3500 BC. A shadow was east as the Sun moved across the sky by the obelisk, which it appears was then marked out in sections, allowing people to clearly see the two halves of the day. Some of the sections have also been found to indicate the “year“s longest and shorte
8、st days, which it is thought were developments added later to allow identification of other important time subdivisions. Another ancient Egyptian “shadow clock“ or “sundial“ has been discovered to have been in use around 1500 BC, which allowed the measuring of the passage of “hours“. The sections we
9、re divided into ten parts, With two “twilight hours“ indicated, occurring in the morning and the evening. For it to work successfully then at midday or noon, the device had to be turned 180 degrees to measure the afternoon hours. Water Clocks “Water clocks“ were among the earliest time keeping devic
10、es that didnt use the observation of the celestial bodies to calculate the passage of time. The ancient Greeks, it is believed, began using water clocks around 325 BC. Most of these clocks were used to determine the hours of the night, but may have also been used during daylight. An inherent problem
11、 with the water clock was that they were not totally accurate, as the system of measurement was based on the flow of water either into, or out of, a container which had markers around the sides. Another very similar form was that of a bowl that sank during a period as it was filled of water from a r
12、egulated flow. It is known that water clocks were common across the Middle East, and that these were still being used in North Africa during the early part of the twentieth-century. Mechanical Clocks In 1656, “Christian Huygens (Dutch scientist), made the first “Pendulum(钟摆 ) clock“, with a mechanis
13、m using a “natural“ period of oscillation(振幅 ). “Galileo Galilei“ is credited, in most historical books, for inventing the pendulum as early as 1582, but his design was not built before his death. Huygens clock, when built, had an error of “less than only one minute a day“. This was a massive leap i
14、n the development of maintaining accuracy, as this had previously never been achieved. Later refinements to the pendulum clock reduced this margin of error to “less than 10 seconds a day“. The mechanical clock continued to develop until they achieved an accuracy of “a hundredth-of- a-second a day“,
15、when the pendulum clock became the accepted standard in most astronomical observatories. Quartz Clocks The running of a “Quartz clock“ is based on the piezoelectric property of the quartz crystal. When an electric field is applied to a quartz crystal, it actually changes the shape of the crystal its
16、elf, If you then squeeze it or bend it, an electric field is generated. When placed in an appropriate electronic circuit, this interaction between the mechanical stress and the electrical field causes the crystal to vibrate, generating a constant electric signal which can then be used for example on
17、 an electronic clock display. The first wrist-watches that appeared in mass production used “LED“, “Light Emitting Diode“ displays. By the 1970s these were to be replaced by a “LCD“, “Liquid Crystal Display“. Quartz clocks continue to dominate the market because of the accuracy and reliability of th
18、e performance, also being inexpensive to produce on mass scale. The time keeping performance of the quartz clock has now been surpassed by the “Atomic clock“. Atomic Clocks Scientists discovered some time ago that atoms and molecules have “resonances“ and that each chemical element and compound abso
19、rbs and emits “electromagnetic radiation“ within its own characteristic “frequencies“. This we are told is highly accurate even over “Time and Space“. The development of radar and the subsequent experimentation with high frequency radio communications during the 1930s and 1940s created a vast amount
20、 of knowledge regarding “electromagnetic waves“, also known as “microwaves“. which interact with the atoms. The development of atomic clocks focused firstly on microwave resonances in the chemical Ammonia and its molecules. In 1957. “NIST“. the “National Institute of Standards and Technology“, compl
21、eted a series of tests using a “Cesium Atomic Beam“ device, followed by a second program of experiments by NIST in order to have something for comparison when working at the atomic level. By 1960, as the outcome of the programs, “Cesium Time Standards“ were incorporated as the official time keeping
22、system at NIST. The “Natural frequency“ recognized currently is the measurement of time. used by all scientists, defines the period of “one second“ as exactly “9,192,631,770 Oscillations“ or “9,192,631,770 Cycles of the Cesium Atoms Resonant Frequency“. From the “Macrocosm“, or “Planetary Alignment“
23、, to the “Microcosm“, or “Atomic Frequency“, the cesium now maintains accuracy with a degree of error to about “one-millionth of a second per year“. Much of modern life has come to depend on such precise measurements of time. The day is long past when we could get by with a timepiece(钟 )accurate to
24、the nearest quarter hour. Transportation, financial markets, communication, manufacturing, electric power and many other technologies have become dependent on super-accurate clocks. Scientific research and the demands of modern technology continue re drive our search for ever more accuracy, The next
25、 generation of Cesium Time Standards is presently under development at NISTs “Boulder Laboratory“ and other laboratories around the world. Something to Remember The only thing that should be remembered during all this technological development is that we should never lose the ability to tell the tim
26、e approximately by natural means and the powers of deduction without requiring crutches(拐杖 )to lean on. Our concept of TIME and using it together with TECHNOLOGY still has room for radical reassessment in terms of mans evolutionary thinking regarding our view of the past, our onward journey into the
27、 future and our concept of time in relationship to universe. 2 It is suggested that 5,000-6,000 years ago people in the Middle East and North Africa started to allot specific lengths of time to tasks. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Ancient Egyptian “shadow clock“ or “sundial“ discovered around 1500 BC, cou
28、ld measure passage of “hours“ automatically and continuously. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 “Water clocks“ was the first device that didnt use the observation of the celestial bodies to calculate the passage of time. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Galileo Galilei built the first “pendulum clock“ as early as 16 （
29、 A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Water clocks were mostly used to determine _. 7 Huygens clock, a mechanical one, had an error of “less than only one minute a day“, which was a massive leap in the development of _. 8 Since Quartz clocks are both inexpensive to produce in mass scale and _ in performance, they
30、continue to dominate the market. 9 Scientific research and the _ continue to drive our search for ever more accuracy in time. 10 Of all the clocks introduced in the passage, the one with the most accuracy is _. 11 No matter how advanced the technology of measuring time will be we should never lose t
31、he ability to tell the time approximately by _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only o
32、nce. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） $9. （ B） $18. （ C） $12. （ D） $36. （ A） To his home. （ B） To her home. （ C） To go to the picnic. （ D） To go shopping. （ A） Take the medicine
33、 as she was directed to do. （ B） Schedule another appointment with her doctor. （ C） Stop taking the medicine. （ D） Rest her back for a few days. （ A） They bought the motorbike. （ B） They had no time. （ C） They didnt want a refrigerator. （ D） Theres nothing wrong with the old one. （ A） Typing. （ B） D
34、rawing a picture. （ C） Doing exercise. （ D） Playing the piano. （ A） Hell give the quiz at a later time. （ B） The quiz will be very short. （ C） The quiz wont be ready until Thursday. （ D） Hell score the quiz quickly. （ A） He never does things early, （ B） He has already finished it. （ C） He isnt going
35、 to finish it. （ D） He will finish it in a few minutes. （ A） Business associates, （ B） Boss and secretary. （ C） Teacher and student. （ D） Good friends. （ A） To interview a few job applicants. （ B） To fill a vacancy in the company. （ C） To advertise for a junior sales manager. （ D） To apply for a job
36、 in a major newspaper. （ A） A hardworking ambitious young man. （ B） A young man good at managing his time. （ C） A college graduate with practical working experience. （ D） A young man with his own idea of what is important. （ A） Not clearly specified. （ B） Not likely to be met. （ C） Reasonable enough
37、. （ D） Apparently sexist. （ A） He has got a bad cold. （ B） He has caught whooping cough. （ C） He has a fever and a bad appetite. （ D） He has been coughing for several days. （ A） Because he is only a 3-year-old child. （ B） Because others cough may be contagious to him. （ C） Because he also has a feve
38、r. （ D） Because he cries all the time. （ A） Because he is too young to catch that. （ B） Because he has not been exposed to that. （ C） Because his sister hasnt caught that. （ D） Because he has been immunized recently. （ A） Give the child lot of fluid to drink. （ B） Let him have a hot bath before bedt
39、ime. （ C） Keep an eye on the cough. （ D） Send him to the clinic if he has a fever. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,
40、you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） People can use nearly 75 percent of it. （ B） People can use about 97 percent of it. （ C） People can use exactly 3 percent of it. （ D） People can use less than 3 percent of it. （ A） We can invent ways of increasing rainf
41、all. （ B） We can develop ways of reusing water and utilizing sea water, （ C） We can cut down our consumption of water. （ D） We can reduce the number of factories producing steel. （ A） By filtering sea water. （ B） By treating sea water with chemicals. （ C） By taking salt out of sea water. （ D） By dry
42、ing up sea water. （ A） Words and phrases. （ B） Culture. （ C） Individuals. （ D） Misunderstanding. （ A） Understand what their staff are feeling by understanding their body language. （ B） Learn more the cultural background of their staff through their body language. （ C） Create good working conditions
43、by using proper body language. （ D） Spend a lot of time in studying body language. （ A） It stands for hostility. （ B） It is not normal. （ C） It is an invasion of space. （ D） It means intimacy between two people. （ A） On April 26,1611. （ B） On April 23,1611. （ C） On April 26,1616. （ D） On April 23,16
44、16, （ A） In 1585. （ B） In 1584. （ C） In 1583. （ D） In 1586. （ A） People know almost nothing about Shakespeares early life. （ B） Shakespeare was already well known before he went to London. （ C） People know a lot about Shakespeares life in London. （ D） People know only a little about Shakespeares lif
45、e in London. （ A） Shakespeare was not interested in making a profit. （ B） Shakespeare could get one-tenth of the profits of the Globe Theater. （ C） Shakespeare, like his fellow writers, had no business sense. （ D） Shakespeares fellow writers shared the same profits as he did. Section C Directions: I
46、n this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. Fo
47、r blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Taking your dog on vacation may have been【 B1】 _ a decade ago, but today its flee. 【 B2】 _ the pet-friendly hotel, where
48、dogs are just part of the family, the Loews Miami Beach has had more than 1,200 B3【 B3】 _ guests so far this year. Dogs, like kids, stay free there. A lot of people just want to travel with their animals, so the hotel【 B4】 _ guests to come with their pets. The hotel has a special【 B5】 _ for them fro
49、m the time they enter the door till the time they leave. There are flesh grapes by the pool for the discerning dog and a cup of ice cubes for the hot dog. And dont forget the special doggie dinner menu. The hotel kitchen【 B6】_ to canines as well as their masters. The most popular dog dish is a【 B7】 _ of beef, vegetables and rice. Its really great.【 B8】 _ , the people food is even better. 【 B9】 _ . Some of them dont have children, and the dogs may f
