1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 359 及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title of Living Expenditure of a Developed Country, analyzing changes in peoples living expenditure of a developed country. You should write at least 150 words
2、 following the outline and chart given below. 1. 描述图表中生活费用支出的变化情况 2. 给出可能的原因 3. 得出你的结论 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questio
3、ns 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Planning and People In all kinds of organizations-companies,
4、 schools, hospitals, etc. -decisions appear correct in theory but do not work in practice. There are many reasons for this. To illustrate the problems involved we will consider four cases where different decisions have to be taken. Case No. 1 The manager of a shipping company was interested in using
5、 large metal containers for the companys cargo instead of conventional methods of loading and unloading. He discovered that the use of containers was less expensive and quicker than conventional methods. More cargo could be sent at one time and delays on the way were shorter. The only major disadvan
6、tage (apart from the initial cost of the containers) was that not all ships could take them. However, the manager believed that his company could find enough ships for their containers. His plan to use containers was adopted by the board of directors. Unfortunately, however, it was never put into pr
7、actice. The dockers heard about the plan and did not like it. The reason was that the containers would make about a quarter of the dockers redundant. The plan was killed. The comparison of containers with conventional methods is shown in the following table. Case No. 2 A solar pump was built in a sm
8、all desert village. The pump used the deserts most common resource-sunlight, to increase its greatest necessity-water. Solar collectors were used to collect the suns rays. Flat collectors can be stationary and do not have moving parts which can be broken in sand storms. The system used the 20 degree
9、 centigrade temperature difference between the solar collectors and the ground water to work a gas expansion engine which pumped water from under the ground. Some of the social effects of the new pumps were planned for. Children aged 6 to15 used to bring the water from wells, where they met the old
10、men of the village and received informal education from them. In order to replace this, a school was also included in the project. But the project had not considered the traditional power structure of the village. As soon as the foreign experts left, the two richest men in the village took control o
11、f the pump and started selling water to everyone else. The result was that the majority of people were poorer than before.Case No. 3 In 1946 there was a program in the Rio Grande valley to substitute hybrid corn for the native corn. The native corn was of poor nutritional quality and gave a poor qua
12、ntity of grain while the hybrid corn was of excellent quality and gave about three times as large a crop as the native variety. In the first year half of the 84 farmers in the village planted hybrid corn and doubled the corn production. Three years later, however, only three farmers planted hybrid c
13、orn. The others were planting the traditional variety. At the beginning of the project the program leader studied the ecology of the area and showed films demonstrating the superiority of the new corn. The farmers agreed that the hybrid corn had great advantages. The size of the crop confirmed these
14、 advantages. Why did they stop planting it? The answer was simple: their wives did not like it. They complained that it wasnt good for cooking and they didnt like the flavor.Case No. 4 The manager of a large office building had received many complaints about the lift service in the building. He enga
15、ged a group of engineers to study the situation and make recommendations for improvement. The engineers suggested two alternative solutions: 1. adding more lifts of the same types; 2. replacing the existing lifts by faster ones. The manager decided that both alternative solutions were too expensive.
16、 So the firms psychologist offered to study the problem. He noticed that many people arrived at their offices feeling angry and impatient. The reason they gave was the length of time they had to wait for the lift. However, the psychologist was impressed by the fact that they had only had to wait a r
17、elatively short time. It occurred to him that the reason for their annoyance was the fact they had to stand by the lifts inactive. He suggested a simple, inexpensive solution to the manager. This was adopted and complaints stopped immediately. The solution was to place a large mirror next to the lif
18、ts. Three of these cases show failure, and one success. What conclusions can be made about the decision involved? First, in any decision, some considerations are more relevant than others. It is a mistake to attempt to, solve a problem in engineering terms when the problem is a psychological one. Si
19、milarly, it is wrong to concentrate on the social effects of a new invention if it is mechanically inadequate. It is a mistake to attempt to improve one part of a system if the whole system has to be changed. Secondly, there is a more fundamental question. A solution may be technically very crude bu
20、t will work because people are enthusiastic about it. Some projects predict negative human reactions but are unable to persuade people that the project is right. Other projects fail because of indifference-people neither like it nor dislike it-they just do not think it is necessary. A project will b
21、e successful only if the people involved believe that it is necessary and valuable for their own lives. Some people believe that in these cases the plans are right but the people are wrong. History, however, has shown this belief to be dangerous. 2 There are shorter delays on the way if containers a
22、re used. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The plan of the manager of a shipping company to use containers was rejected by the board of directors because the plan was strongly opposed by the dockers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Using the containers to transport can keep the goods clean. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Su
23、nlight is the deserts most common resource while fresh air is the deserts greatest necessity. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Children can receive _ from the old men when brought water from wells in the desert. 7 Compared with the hybrid corn, the native corn is poor in _. 8 The disadvantage of the hybrid c
24、orn is that it was _ and poor in flavor. 9 The psychologist found that many people felt _ when they arrived at their office. 10 If the problem is a psychological one, we cant attempt to _. 11 History was shown that the belief that _ is dangerous. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear
25、8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices mark
26、ed A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） That he not tutor students. （ B） That he work on improving his languages skills. （ C） That he work as a tutor to pay his tuition. （ D） That he try to find a job in Italy. （ A） To act as an interpreter. （ B） To check the patient as a doctor.
27、 （ C） To work as nurse in the hospital. （ D） To chat with the patient. （ A） He thinks the woman is right. （ B） He thinks it better to post the card earlier. （ C） He is sure the card will be delayed. （ D） He thinks a delay is impossible. （ A） In a cafeteria. （ B） At a zoo. （ C） At an art museum. （ D）
28、 On a college campus. （ A） The woman is afraid of thunderstorms. （ B） The man works for a good roofing company. （ C） The roof of the womans house needs repairing. （ D） The mans roof is leaking and he asks the woman to help him. （ A） He thinks that the salesman was realistic. （ B） He thinks that the
29、salesman exaggerated his part. （ C） He thinks that the salesman was not dramatic enough. （ D） He thinks that the salesman played his part well. （ A） March 3rd. （ B） March 29th. （ C） March 12th. （ D） March 30th. （ A） He should sit in the smoking section. （ B） He should ask the stewardess for help. （
30、C） He should move to another part of the plane. （ D） He should extinguish his cigarette at once. （ A） Watching TV. （ B） Knitting socks. （ C） Chatting with neighbors. （ D） Doing housework. （ A） A bonus. （ B） A gift. （ C） Knowledge. （ D） Excitement. （ A） The two speakers are boss and employee. （ B） Th
31、e two speakers have different attitudes towards rest. （ C） The woman thinks that watching TV is a good way to have a rest. （ D） The man enjoys his hobbies and thinks that a change is as good as a rest. （ A） Eggs. （ B） Diets. （ C） Protein. （ D） Exercises. （ A） One; Two; One （ B） Two; One; One. （ C） O
32、ne; One; Two. （ D） Two; One; Two. （ A） Because she believed eggs were not very expensive and also contained a lot of protein. （ B） Because she thought her heart was strong and eating too much protein could not hurt her heart. （ C） Because she had been told that eating eggs could help her to have a f
33、ine figure. （ D） Because she liked eggs so much that she could not stand if she didnt cat eggs every day. （ A） One week. （ B） One month. （ C） Two days. （ D） Three days. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Bo
34、th the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） They should not be too strict with the children. （ B） They should limit their demands on some children. （ C） They should demand more
35、of their children. （ D） They should demand more of the bright children. （ A） To do comprehensive exercises. （ B） To read simple sentences. （ C） To copy our from the textbooks. （ D） To do all of the above. （ A） She assigned people to do this report. （ B） She made investigations in the 700 schools. （
36、C） She supported the report. （ D） She wrote this report. （ A） By greeting each other very politely. （ B） By exchanging their views on public affairs. （ C） By displaying their feelings and emotions. （ D） By asking each other some personal questions. （ A） Refrain from showing his feelings. （ B） Argue
37、fiercely. （ C） Express his opinion frankly. （ D） Yell loudly. （ A） Getting rich quickly. （ B） Respecting individual rights. （ C） Distinguishing oneself. （ D） Doing credit to ones community. （ A） In 1809. （ B） In 1863. （ C） In 1865. （ D） In 1860. （ A） Because they didnt like Lincoln being, their pres
38、ident. （ B） Because they wanted to set up their own government. （ C） Because they disagreed with Lincoln about the abolishment of slavery. （ D） Because they wanted to stage a war against Lincolns government. （ A） Four years. （ B） Five years. （ C） Three years. （ D） Six years. （ A） The break-down of t
39、he United States. （ B） The withdrawal of some southern states from the Union. （ C） The creation of the Confederate States of America. （ D） The defeat of the Confederate States of America and the reunion of the United States. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.
40、 When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to
41、fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 I asked successful people What the secret of their success was. I【 B1】 _ an early discussion with a vice president of a large oil company. “Oh, I just keep a To Do List,“ he
42、 said. I passed over that quickly, little【 B2】 _ the importance of what be said. I was in another city the next day and I had lunch with a businessman who【 B3】_ owned the town. He was chairman of the gas and light company, president of five【 B4】 _ companies, and had his hand in a dozen other【 B5】 _
43、I asked him how he【 B6】 _ to get everything done. “Oh, thats easy,“ he said. “I keep a To Do List.“ The first thing in the morning, he told me, he would come in and list what he wanted to【 B7】 _ that day. He would【 B8】 _ the items in priority. During the day【 B9】 _ . In the evening he would check to
44、 see how many of the items he had written clown still remained undone and then give himself a score.【 B10】_ . Again and again in the years since, when I have talked to successful people, the To Do List has come up. I have found that one difference between people at the top of the ladder and people a
45、t the bottom is that【 B11】 _ . 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or comp
46、lete the statements in the fewest possible words. 47 To get a chocolate out of a box demands a considerable amount of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of its paper bag the plastic wrapper has to be tom off, the lid opened and the packing paper inside removed; the chocolate itself then has to b
47、e unwrapped from its own piece of paper. Similarly a pot of face cream comes surrounded by layers of paper, wedged inside a cardboard box, and the whole thing wrapped tightly in plastic. It is not only luxuries which are wrapped in this way. With so many goods now produced centrally and sold in supe
48、rmarkets it is becoming increasingly difficult to buy anything from nails to potatoes that is not already done up in plastic or paper. The wrapper itself is of no interest to the shopper, who usually throws it away immediately. Useless wrapping accounts for much of the 31 pounds in weight of rubbish
49、 put out by the average London household each week. So why is it done? Some of it, like the wrapping on meat, is necessary, but most of the rest is simply competitive selling. This is stupid. Packaging is using up scarce energy and raw materials and mining our surroundings. Costs of the raw materials used in packaging are rising all the time. One big firm reports that its glass, cans and paper have all gone up by 30 per cent in the last couple of months, while pl
