1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 396及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Away from Net-bar Campaign. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 新闻媒体 披露，徐州某中学 1000多名学生签名，庄严承诺 “远离网吧 ” 2分析 “远离网吧 ”运动的原
2、因 3做出对比和评论 A way from Net-bar Campaign 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agree
3、s with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Pollution: A Life and Death Issue One of the main themes of Planet under Pressure is the way many of the Ear
4、ths environmental crises reinforce one another. Pollution is an obvious example-we do not have the option of growing food, or finding enough water, on a squeaky- clean planet, but on one increasingly tarnished and trashed by the way we have used it so far. Cutting waste and clearing up pollution cos
5、t money. Yet time and again it is the quest for wealth that generates much of the mess in the first place. Living in a way that is less damaging to the Earth is not easy, but it is vital, because pollution is pervasive and often life-threatening. Air: the World Health Organization (WHO) says three m
6、illion people are killed worldwide by outdoor air pollution annually from vehicles and industrial emissions, and 1.6 million indoors through using solid fuel. Most are in poor countries. Water: diseases carried in water are responsible for 80% of illnesses and deaths in developing countries, killing
7、 a child every eight seconds. Each year 2.1 million people die from diarrhoeal(痢疾的 ) diseases associated with poor water. Soil: contaminated land is a problem in industrialized countries, where former factories and power stations can leave waste like heavy metals in the soil. It can also occur in de
8、veloping countries, sometimes used for dumping pesticides. Agriculture can pollute land with pesticides, nitrate-rich fertilizers and slurry from livestock. And when the contamination reaches rivers it damages life there, and can even create dead zones off the coast, as in the Gulf of Mexico. Chroni
9、c Problem Chemicals are a frequent pollutant. When we think of chemical contamination it is often images of events like Bhopal that come to mind. But the problem is widespread. One study says 7-20% of cancers are attributable to poor air and pollution in homes and workplaces. The WHO, concerned abou
10、t chemicals that persist and build up in the body, especially in the young, says we may “be conducting a large-scale experiment with childrens health“. Some man-made chemicals, endocrine(内分泌 ) disruptors like phthalates(酞酸盐 ) and nonylphenol-a breakdown product of spermicides (杀精子剂 ), cosmetics and
11、detergents-are blamed for causing changes in the genitals, of some animals. Affected species include polar bears-so not even the Arctic is immune. And the chemicals climb the food chain, from fish to mammals, and to us. About 70,000 chemicals are on the market, with around 1,500 new ones appearing a
12、nnually. At least 30,000 are thought never to have been comprehensively tested for their possible risks to people. At first glance, the plastic buckets stacked in the comer of the environmental NGO office look like any others. But the containers are an unlikely weapon in one poor communitys fight ag
13、ainst oil companies which they say are responsible for widespread ill-health caused by years of pollution. The vessels are used by a network of local volunteers, known as the Bucket Brigade, to gather air samples in neighborhoods bordering oil refineries, as part of a campaign to monitor and documen
14、t air pollution which they believe is coming from the plants. In South Africa, as m many developing and newly industrialized countries, legislation on air pollution has failed to keep pace with mushrooming industries. So local residents, like many in poor communities around the globe, have faced the
15、 problem of investigating their claim that industries on their doorsteps are making them sick. Trade-off But the snag is that modern society demands many of them, and some are essential for survival. So while we invoke the precautionary principle, which always recommends erring on the side of cautio
16、n, we have to recognize there will be trade-offs to be made. The pesticide DDT does great damage to wildlife and can affect the human nervous system, but can also be effective against malaria(疟疾 ). Where does the priority lie? The industrialized world has not yet cleaned up the mess it created, but
17、it is reaping the benefits of the pollution it has caused. It can hardly tell the developing countries that they have no right to follow suit. Another complication in tackling pollution is that it does not respect political frontiers. There is a U.N. convention on trans-boundary air pollution, but t
18、hat cannot cover every problem that can arise between neighbors, or between states which do not share a border. Perhaps the best example is climate change-the countries of the world share one atmosphere, and what one does can affect everyone. For One and All One of the principles that are supposed t
19、o apply here is simple-the polluter pays. Sometimes it is obvious who is to blame and who must pay the price, but it is not always straightforward to work out just who is the polluter, or whether the rest of us would be happy to pay the price of stopping the pollution. One way of cleaning up after o
20、urselves would be to throw less away, designing products to be recycled or even just to last longer. Previous generations worked on the assumption that discarding our waste was a proper way to get rid of it, so we used to dump nuclear materials and other potential hazards at sea, confident they woul
21、d be dispersed in the depths. We now think that is too risky because, as one author wrote, “theres no such place as away, and theres no such person as the other .“ Irritating Air Despite recent improvements, however, the health problems are still there. A 2002 medical study, carried out by Durbans N
22、elson Mandela School of Medicine and a U.S. university, found that an abnormally high 52% of students and teachers at a primary school bordering the Engen plant suffered from asthma (哮喘 ). It found that increases in air pollution tended to aggravate asthma symptoms in children. The petrol producers
23、do not dispute the findings but argue that researchers were unable to establish a causal link between air pollution and the high prevalence of asthma among the school population. For the community, the next step is to take legal action. But, according to internationally recognized environmentalist B
24、obby Peek, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by pollution coming from a particular plant. Mr. Peek, who grew up beneath Engens stacks, says the activists are now considering taking action against the authorities. “W
25、e are now looking at suing the government on constitutional grounds, for failing to ensure our right to protection from a harmful environment as stipulated in the constitution,“ he said. Legislative Change A new batch (批 ) of environmental laws, the National Air Quality Management Act, has just been
26、 passed by the South African parliament to replace outdated 1965 legislation with tighter controls and tougher sanctions. Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to improve the s
27、ituation. “I share the anger and frustration of this community. It is long overdue,“ he told the South African Broadcasting Corporation. The local authorities have also established a “Multi-Point Plan“ for the area. They say it is a powerful model for tackling pollution and points to a 40% reduction
28、 in sulphur dioxide emissions in recent years. 2 According to World Health Organization, how many people are killed by outdoor air pollution? （ A） 3 million （ B） 2.1 million （ C） 1.6 million （ D） 3.2 million 3 Land can be polluted by _ from agriculture. （ A） heavy metals （ B） pesticides and nitrate-
29、poor fertilizers （ C） slurry from livestock （ D） rubbish 4 What kind of animal affected by man-made chemicals is not referred in the passage? （ A） Polar bears. （ B） Mammals. （ C） People. （ D） Birds. 5 What do local residents claim for? （ A） They are sick because of years of pollution. （ B） They are
30、sick because of industries on their doorsteps. （ C） They are sick because of pesticides from agriculture. （ D） They are sick because of air pollution. 6 The pesticide DDT can be effective against _. （ A） malaria （ B） wildlife （ C） animals （ D） human nervous system 7 There is a U. N. convention that
31、can cover _. （ A） problem between neighbors （ B） problem between states which do not share a border （ C） problems on air pollution （ D） trans-boundary air pollution 8 What is not said to be a way of cleaning up after ourselves? （ A） Throw less away. （ B） Design recycled products. （ C） Dont use it ag
32、ain. （ D） Last longer. 9 It found that increases in air pollution tended to _. 10 According to Bobby Peck, targeting the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by _. 11 Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and
33、 tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both t
34、he conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She broke the microphone: （ B） She was interrupted by a phone call during her presen
35、tation. （ C） She is planning to give her presentation as soon as the microphone is fixed. （ D） The microphone broke just as she began her presentation. （ A） One month, （ B） One month and a half. （ C） Two months. （ D） Two months and a hale （ A） She should live in the country. （ B） She should live nea
36、r the spring. （ C） He prefers to live in the country. （ D） He agrees with the woman. （ A） It is the best city hes ever visited. （ B） It was worse than he had expected. （ C） It is difficult to get around in the city. （ D） The hotel service is terrible in the city. （ A） He will choose a new topic to w
37、rite the essay. （ B） He will choose the novel written by Shakespeare as the topic. （ C） He refuses to accept the mans advice. （ D） He is on the wrong track. （ A） Paper plates are cheaper than dishes. （ B） Dishes break more easily than paper plates. （ C） There is no need to wash any dishes now. （ D）
38、The womans roommate will return soon. （ A） She has not applied for any university yet. （ B） She will begin university classes in a few weeks. （ C） She does not know yet if a university will accept her. （ D） She is too busy to contact the university right now. （ A） Reconsider his position later. （ B）
39、 Allow the student to miss class. （ C） Lower the students grade. （ D） Suggest that the student try to reschedule the operation. （ A） E-commerce. （ B） Wireless communications. （ C） Business and the web. （ D） New technology. （ A） High bandwidth Internet connections. （ B） Cable. （ C） Related technologi
40、es. （ D） Electronic devices. （ A） Online business. （ B） Some new products. （ C） Cable modems. （ D） A new high-speed network. （ A） Computer sales negotiations. （ B） A preliminary interview. （ C） An Internet seminar meeting. （ D） Computer games. （ A） He managed the sales department. （ B） He gave semin
41、ars on the Internet. （ C） He worked as a custodian. （ D） He designed software. （ A） A web page authoring program. （ B） A kind of beverage. （ C） A computer game. （ D） A kind of software. （ A） She will call Mr. Taylor in the next few days. （ B） She will talk over their discussion with others. （ C） She
42、 will ask her colleagues to call Mr. Taylor. （ D） She will not contact him for further consideration. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After yo
43、u hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Eliminating the original vegetation from the building site. （ B） Marking the houses in an area similar to one another. （ C） Deciding where a house will be built. （ D） Surrounding a building with wild
44、flowers and plants. （ A） They are changed to make the site more interesting. （ B） They are expanded to limit the amount of construction. （ C） They are integrated into the design of the building. （ D） They are removed for construction. （ A） Because many architects studied with Wright. （ B） Because Wr
45、ight started the practice of “land-scraping“. （ C） Because Wright used elements of envelope building. （ D） Because most of the houses Wright built were made of stone. （ A） The US should catch up to European environmental standards. （ B） American exporters must adapt to new regulations in Europe. （ C
46、） The US should be more sensitive to environmental issues. （ D） The Us new regulations are a burden. （ A） Their packaging of exports have to conform to EU regulations. （ B） They have to cut out waste completely. （ C） They must have an experienced distributor. （ D） They will see expensive rise. （ A）
47、It will allow fewer trees to be cut. （ B） It will require less labor costs. （ C） It saves some shipping costs. （ D） It will make them more competition. （ A） At school. （ B） At home. （ C） At Youth Clubs. （ D） At Youth Centers. （ A） They develop their identities within peer groups. （ B） They receive i
48、nformal education. （ C） They perform voluntary community services. （ D） They participate in all kinds of extracurricular activities. （ A） About four million. （ B） About seven million. （ C） About five million. （ D） About six million. （ A） Sport events. （ B） Cultural activities. （ C） Counseling. （ D）
49、Creative activities. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36
