1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 411 及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled is a Diploma Everything. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below. 1目前社会上存在着迷信 文凭的现象 2造成这一现象的原因 3我对此的观点 二、 Part II Reading Comp
2、rehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the
3、 statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sh
4、eet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Hydroelectric Power Hydroelectric power is Americas leading renewable energy resource. Of all the renewable power sources
5、, its the most reliable, efficient and economical. Water is needed to run a hydroelectric generating unit. Its held in a reservoir or lake behind a dam, and the force of the water being released from the reservoir through the dam spins the blades of a turbine. The turbine is connected to the generat
6、or that produces electricity. After passing through the turbine, the water re-enters the river on the downstream side of the dam. Hydroelectric plants convert the kinetic energy within falling water into electricity. The energy in moving water is produced in the sun, and consequently is continually
7、being renewed. The energy in sunlight evaporates water from the seas and deposits it on land as rain. Land elevation differences result in rainfall runoff, and permit some of the original solar energy to be harnessed as hydroelectric power. Hydroelectric power is at present the earths chief renewabl
8、e electricity source, generating 6% of global energy and about 15% of worldwide electricity. Hydroelectric power in Canada is plentiful and provides 60% of their electrical requirements. Usually regarded as an inexpensive and clean source of electricity, most big hydroelectric projects being planned
9、 today are facing a great deal of hostility from environmental groups and local people. The earliest recorded use of water power was a clock, constructed around 250 BC. Since then, people have used falling water to supply power for grain and saw mills, as well as a host of other uses. The earliest u
10、se of flowing water to generate electricity was a waterwheel on the Fox River in Wisconsin in 1882. The first hydroelectric power plants were much more dependable and efficient than the plants of the day that were fired by fossil fuels. This led to a rise in number of small to medium sized hydroelec
11、tric generating plants located wherever there was an adequate supply of falling water and a need for electricity. As demand for electricity soared in the middle years of the 20th century, and the effectiveness of coal and oil power plants improved, small hydro plants became less popular. The majorit
12、y of new hydroelectric developments were focused on giant mega-projects. Hydroelectric plants harness energy by passing flowing water through a turbine. The water turbine rotation is delivered to a generator, which generates electricity. The quantity of electricity that can be produced at a hydroele
13、ctric plant relies upon two variables. These variables are (1) the vertical distance that the water falls, called the “head“, and (2) the flow rate, calculated as volume over time. The amount of electricity that is produced is thus proportional to the head product and the flow rate. So, hydroelectri
14、c power stations can normally be separated into two kinds. The most widespread are “high head“ plants and usually employ a dam to stock up water at an increased height. They also store water at times of rain and discharge it during dry times. This results in reliable and consistent electricity gener
15、ation, capable of meeting demand since flow can be rapidly altered. At times of excess electrical system capacity, usually available at night, these plants can also pump water from one reservoir to another at a greater height. When there is peak electrical demand, the higher reservoir releases water
16、 through the turbines to the lower reservoir. “Low head“ hydroelectric plants usually exploit heads of just a few meters or less. These types of power station use a weir or low dam to channel water, or no dam at all and merely use the river flow. Unfortunately their electricity production capacity f
17、luctuates with seasonal water flow in a river. Around 2003 people believed almost universally that hydroelectric power was an environmentally safe and clean means of generating electricity. Hydroelectric stations do not release any of the usual atmospheric pollutants emitted by power plants fuelled
18、by fossil fuels so they do not add to global warming or acid rain. Nevertheless, recent studies of the larger reservoirs formed behind dams have implied that decomposing flooded vegetation could give off greenhouse gases equal to those from other electricity sources. The clearest result of hydroelec
19、tric dams is the flooding of huge areas of land. The reservoirs built can be exceptionally big and they have often flooded the lands of indigenous peoples and destroyed their way of life. Numerous rare ecosystems are also endangered by hydroelectric power plant development. Damming rivers may also c
20、hange the quantity and quality of water in the rivers below the dams, as well as stopping fish migrating upstream to spawn. In addition, silt, usually taken downstream to the lower parts of a river, is caught by a dam and so the river downstream loses the silt that should fertilize the rivers flood
21、plains during high water periods. Theoretical global hydroelectric power is approximately four times larger than the amount that has been taken advantage of today. Most of the residual hydro potential left in the world can be found in African and Asian developing countries. Exploiting this resource
22、would involve an investment of billions of dollars, since hydroelectric plants normally have very high building costs. Low head hydro capacity facilities on small scales will probably increase in the future as low head turbine research, and the standardization of turbine production, reduce the costs
23、 of low head hydroelectric power production. New systems of control and improvements in turbines could lead in the future to more electricity created from present facilities. In addition, in the 1950s and 60s when oil and coal prices were very low, lots of smaller hydroelectric plants were closed do
24、wn. Future increases in the prices of fuel could lead to these places being renovated. 2 What proportion of the worlds electricity supply is provided by hydroelectric power? （ A） 6%. （ B） 9%. （ C） 15%. （ D） 60%. 3 A drawback to low head hydroelectric power stations is that they depend on _ . （ A） th
25、e solar activity （ B） seasonal water flow （ C） seasonal wind direction （ D） the earths self rotation 4 How far water drops to the turbines in a power station is known as _ . （ A） the heads （ B） the flow rate （ C） the vertical distance （ D） the heights 5 How is the flow rate of a hydroelectric power
26、station quantified? （ A） The depth of the water. （ B） Volume over time. （ C） Speed over time. （ D） The width of the water. 6 When do high head power plants use surplus electricity to transfer water to a second reservoir? （ A） In the morning. （ B） At noon. （ C） In the afternoon. （ D） At night. 7 What
27、 underwater action can lead to the production of pollution similar to that produced by fossil fuel power stations? （ A） Mass dying of underwater creature. （ B） Recycling of underwater waste products. （ C） Decomposing flooded vegetation. （ D） Abstracting underwater oil. 8 When did hydroelectric power
28、 was universally considered as an environmentally safe and clean means of electricity generator? （ A） Around 250 BC. （ B） In 1982. （ C） In the middle .years of 20th century. （ D） Until only recently. 9 The origin of hydroelectric power is the _ produced when water obeys the laws of gravity. 10 Globa
29、l hydroelectric power in theory is approximately _ than the amount that has been taken advantage of today. 11 Exploiting hydroelectric power resource can cost billions of dollars, for hydroelectric plants normally have _ . Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations an
30、d 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and de
31、cide which is the best answer. （ A） Shes enjoying the music. （ B） The music will keep her awake. （ C） The music doesnt bother her. （ D） She would prefer a different style of music. （ A） She will take the subway. （ B） She will hurry to the conference. （ C） She will skip the conference end go sightsee
32、ing. （ D） She will take a bus. （ A） She thinks big parties are too impersonal. （ B） She would like to invite, friends to a big party. （ C） She feels she has to spend a lot of money in holding big parties. （ D） She would like to be invited to small parties. （ A） It is quite unexpected. （ B） She has a
33、lready got the news. （ C） She has confidence in the man. （ D） It is not exciting to learn about it. （ A） He is not satisfied with the pay. （ B） He is not able to enjoy paid holidays. （ C） The job is not very challenging for him. （ D） There is no hope of promotion. （ A） He has to change the topic for
34、 his composition. （ B） He has fallen behind others in English class. （ C） He hasnt made up his mind as to what to write about. （ D） The book he borrowed will be due tomorrow. （ A） She is against the mans plan. （ B） She thinks it needs a lot of money. （ C） They need some time to think about it. （ D）
35、Its good for his career development. （ A） She should present him a book on music. （ B） The teacher has some interests other than reading. （ C） Its a good idea because the teacher loves reading. （ D） The teacher would like to have a book on language teaching. （ A） Apply immediately with any credit ca
36、rd. （ B） Fill out the membership application form. （ C） Pay a membership fee. （ D） Buy certain items in the store. （ A） It bills the customer once a month. （ B） Its a kind of ATM cards. （ C） Its a kind of credit cards. （ D） It takes out the money from the customers bank account. （ A） In a grocery st
37、ore. （ B） In a bank. （ C） In a book store. （ D） In a post office. （ A） The close-ups are perfect. （ B） The dialogues are easy to understand. （ C） Its not boring at all. （ D） It doesnt tell any story. （ A） Because its dark. （ B） Because it makes her think. （ C） Because there are two-dimensional chara
38、cters in it. （ D） Because the dialogues in it are superficial. （ A） Gun fights and exploding cars. （ B） Depressing stories. （ C） Intense characters. （ D） Dark background. （ A） Comedy. （ B） Light movie. （ C） Mystery movie. （ D） Action movie. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 shor
39、t passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Telling stories. （ B） Drawing pictures. （ C） Delivering newsp
40、apers. （ D） Joining the army. （ A） He studied cartooning. （ B） He stayed at home. （ C） He went abroad. （ D） He worked for a company. （ A） He was born in Chicago in 1910. （ B） He ever sold newspapers in Chicago. （ C） He made several fills with an old camera. （ D） He end his brother set up a company i
41、n 1932. （ A） Its because there are many developing nations. （ B） Ws bemuse people use too many man-made materials. （ C） Its because we have more and more industry. （ D） Its because we are building more vehicles. （ A） Industry. （ B） Health. （ C） The future of our children. （ D） Clean air. （ A） Man kn
42、ows where the society is going. （ B） People dont welcome the rapid development of modern society. （ C） The speaker is worried about the future of our modern society. （ D） Man can do nothing about the problem of pollution. （ A） They are leading in the game. （ B） The score is really close. （ C） The Dr
43、eam Team is way behind. （ D） They win the game. （ A） Its made up of professional athletes. （ B） Its made up of college players. （ C） Its made up of both professional and college players. （ D） Its made up of young athletes. （ A） He was injured in a fight and had to leave the game. （ B） He fought with
44、 another player. （ C） He got in a fight with a fan and was thrown out of the game. （ D） He led his team to success. （ A） They drank a special beverage made from Japanese herbs. （ B） They had uncooked fish the night before the game. （ C） They had a massage from head to foot to relax their muscles. （
45、D） Some players were injured before the game. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blank
46、s numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Many workers depend on plans【 B1】 _ by their employe
47、rs to help pay for their retirement. There are two major kinds of retirement plans. One is defined by what is paid out, the other by what is paid in. The first is called a defined【 B2】 _ plan, or pension. It provides set【 B3】_ based on the number of years an【 B4】 _ has worked: These plans often pay
48、for health care and other costs. They might also provide money to family members when the【 B5】 _ dies. Pensions, however, can be a big cost to employers. In the United States, the change from a【 B6】 _ economy to a service economy has resulted in fewer and fewer【 B7】 _ plans. The other major kind of
49、retirement plan is called a defined【 B8】 _ plan. Two things define how much a worker will get at retirement.【 B9】 _ . One popular version is a four-oh-one-k plan, named after a part of the tax law.【 B10】_ . But some plans are very complex. An easier way for small employers to offer retirement savings is through a Savings Incentive Match Plan.【 B11】 _ . 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【
