1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 452及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Direction： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Phenomenon of Empty Nest. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. “空巢老人 ”指那些到了退 休年龄，身边却无子女与之共同生活的老人。 1如今的空巢老人逐渐增多 2这种现象出现的原因 3
2、如何解决由此带来的问题 The Phenomenon of Empty Nest 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agr
3、ees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part you will have 15 minutes to go
4、 over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Sled Dogs Work Theyre physical wonders-able to end
5、ure extreme conditions for extensive periods of time while running fast and pulling more than their own weight. Sled (雪橇 ) dogs have been around for generations, and today they remain a large part of a dog drivers life. In Arctic (北极的 ) regions, some 35 000 years ago, Eskimos dogs bred with wolves a
6、nd other dogs. Their offspring were well-adapted to the cold and snow. Theres no saying exactly when someone thought to have dogs pull sleds ,but it was well before 1000 B. C. that dog sleds provided a means of transportation and a way to haul goods. In recent years, people looking for unique outing
7、s have gone on recreational trips with sled dogs. A number of companies market tourist treks via dog sled for adventure travelers. Dogsled racing in Alaska formally began in 1908, when sled dog owners in Nome, Alaska, held the first All-Alaska Sweepstakes, a 408-mile race from Nome to Candle and bac
8、k. And in 1973, the inaugural Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race took place on a route covering more than 1 000 miles in Alaska. There are more competitions in many of the continental United States, and some take place on dry land. In addition to endurance races, sled-dog events include sprint races, weig
9、ht pulls (in which dogs try to pull the most weight) and freight races ( in which dogs try to pull a weighted sled the fastest). Stamina (耐力 ) and Strength Many breeds of dogs are used to pull sleds, including official American Kennel Club breeds such as the Siberian husky, Malamute and Samoyed. How
10、ever, many sled dogs are of mixed breed and are called Alaska husky or Eskimo dogs. While some sled dogs may have wolf bloodlines, its generally not desirable to have a mixture of blood between the two. Sled dogs are bred for their speed and endurance as well as leadership qualities. They are big do
11、gs with thick coats and wide, fiat feet. They sleep with their tails covering their noses to keep warm. Dogs that weigh around 40 to 45 pounds are the ideal size to pull sleds, but some may weigh as much as 85 pounds. Young dogs that are enthusiastic runners, easy-going and mentally tough are good c
12、hoices for sled dogs. A dogs gender matters little and both male and female dogs are considered equally. For racing, the most intelligent and fastest dogs are picked to be lead dogs and run in the front of the pack. Behind them run swing dogs, whose job is to direct the team around turns and curves.
13、 At the back of the dog team are the wheel dogs or wheelers, who are right in front of the sled and are usually the largest and strongest of the team. The rest of the dogs are known simply as team dogs. Dogs are typically from 2 to 10 years old when they pull sleds. After they retire, they might rem
14、ain with their owner at a kennel or be adopted as pets by others. Rescue groups for sled dogs take in unwanted dogs and care for them, trying to place them in loving homes. While snowmobiles (also called snow machines), helicopters and airplanes are now often used in place of sled dogs, there are st
15、ill times when dog transportation is preferred. Harsh weather conditions can make flying hazardous, and certain terrain can be more difficult for snow machines to cross than for dogs. Dogs can be more reliable than man-made machines, theyre good companions to have on long treks and they can be cheap
16、er to own than other forms of transportation. Becoming a Sled Dog The number of sled dogs at a typical kennel(养狗场 ) is around 75, though some might house as few as 20 or as many as 150. Many kennel owners are greedy mushers (赶狗拉雪 ) and compete in dog sled races. They also train other mushers and sel
17、l and lease dogs. The training for each team of racing dogs varies by musher ( or whomever is preparing the dogs to race). Conditioning the dogs to nm long distances is vital, and teams may cover 2 000 to 3 000 miles in the course of training leading up to an endurance race. Since training may take
18、place year-round, the dogs sometimes nm on dry land, and sometimes pull all-terrain vehicles. Dog owners start training their dogs to pull sleds at a very young age. When they are a couple of months old, they may be fitted with a harness and collar, just so they get used to wearing them. As they get
19、 older, a small object may be attached to the harness to practice pulling weight. Mushers also start teaching the dogs verbal commands. When dogs are ready to train alongside a team, at around 6 to 8 months old, they start by pulling light loads for short distances. Over time, they build up their st
20、rength and stamina and are able to go farther and pull more. Sled dogs that are well cared for and loved by their owners are quite friendly and gentle. While they may fight with other dogs, it is rare that a sled dog would be aggressive toward people. Mushers have been quoted as saying that they tak
21、e better care of their dogs than themselves, and that the dogs eat better than they do. Relationships between dog and musher vary, but most mushers consider their dogs family. Mushers generally follow the reasoning that a dog thats not properly cared for will not perform, so it wouldnt make sense to
22、 mistreat dogs. For races such as the Iditarod, veterinarians are on hand to examine dogs, and race rules require proof of certain vaccines and check-ups. Dogs are implanted with microchips to help keep track of them. The International Sled Dog Veterinary Medical Association is a group of veterinari
23、ans who are dedicated to the welfare of sled dogs. Getting Ready for the Race Racing sled dogs need to eat around 10 000 calories per day. During the Iditarod race, that translates to about 2 000 pounds of food for one team for the entire race. Meat is the main ingredient, but they also consume othe
24、r fats, oils, dry dog foods and vitamin supplements. Dogs eat at each of the more than two dozen checkpoints on the Iditarod route, but they also get snacks every few hours. Gear for dogs includes fabric booties to protect their feet from the elements, and a sled team may go through 2 000 booties du
25、ring a race. The number of dogs pulling the sled varies by race and by musher. In the Iditarod, there are a maximum of 16 dogs on a team. At the races start, there must be between 12 and 16 dogs per entrant. At the races end, at least six dogs must be part of the team that crosses the finish line. T
26、he dogs are attached to the sled with a series of lines called rigging. This includes the tow line (or gang line), tug lines and neck lines. Each dog wears a collar and a harness. The tow line connects the dogs to the sled, and a tug line rigs the dogs harnesses to the tow line. The dogs collars are
27、 attached to the tow line by the neck line. There are no reins, and dogs respond to the mushers vocal commands. A musher says “hike,“ “lets go,“ or “all right,“ to get his or her team going; “easy“ to slow down; “gee“ to turn right; “haw“ to turn left; “come gee“ or “come haw“ to turn 180 degrees ri
28、ght or left; “straight on“ to go straight ahead; and “whoa“ to stop. During the Iditarod, teams typically travel in the 5 to 12 miles per hour range and might nm for six or eight hours straight. When dogs fail to work together as a team, or a musher cant properly direct his or her team, the lines ca
29、n become tangled and cause problems. 2 Why are sled dogs said to be physical wonders? （ A） Because they are raised by wolves. （ B） Because they can stand most severe weather. （ C） Because they are fastest runner among Arctic animals. （ D） Because they can bear goods like horses do. 3 The idea of usi
30、ng dogs to pull sleds began _. （ A） some 35 000 years ago （ B） 1 000 years ago （ C） before 1 000 B.C. （ D） before 1908 4 What is peoples attitude towards a mixture of blood between dogs and wolves? （ A） Its not encouraged. （ B） Its strongly protested. （ C） Its warmly welcomed. （ D） Its responded ind
31、ifferently. 5 Where is the position of the wheel dogs in a team? （ A） In the front of the team. （ B） Behind the lead dogs. （ C） In front of the sled. （ D） At the side of swing dogs. 6 Nowadays sled dogs are still necessary when _. （ A） there are severe weather conditions （ B） flying machines are ful
32、l with passengers （ C） snow machines use up power in the Arctic region （ D） people need partners during the travel 7 What is very important in the long-distance training of dogs? （ A） To urge dogs run for 2 000 to 3 000 miles every day. （ B） To train the dogs for at least one year. （ C） To train the
33、 dogs to pull vehicles on dry land. （ D） To get the dogs accustomed to running long distances. 8 When sled dogs get sufficient care from the owner, they usually _. （ A） fight with other dogs （ B） are too heavy to run （ C） are friendly and gentle （ D） develop reliability on the owner 9 According to t
34、he race rules, dogs for race must have _. 10 For the entire Iditarod race, a sled dog team has to eat so much as to _. 11 Sled dogs dont use reins, instead, they follow _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversa
35、tion, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） In a restaurant
36、. （ B） In an airplane. （ C） At a political convention. （ D） At a movie theater. （ A） He always liked reading more than watching television. （ B） He used to watch television more than he does now. （ C） Its important to select television programs carefully. （ D） The woman should do more reading. （ A）
37、Put a stamp on the letter. （ B） Make his letter shorter. （ C） Keep working on the letter. （ D） Send the letter as it is. （ A） She doesnt know much about painting. （ B） She should have started sooner. （ C） She ought to know when the class begins. （ D） She worries too much. （ A） He is happy that his p
38、arents are coming. （ B） Hes thinking about a number of things. （ C） Hes not feeling very well. （ D） Hes looking for a new apartment. （ A） The woman blames the man for his absence. （ B） The woman thinks that everything was all right. （ C） The woman thanks the man for his efforts. （ D） The woman doesn
39、t think it was the mans fault. （ A） To run into each other. （ B） To get bargains. （ C） To avoid the crowds. （ D） To join the crowds. （ A） Bill should not talk to John any more. （ B） John should tell Bill to think negatively. （ C） Bill should not take Johns remarks seriously. （ D） John should pay lit
40、tle attention to anything of Bill. （ A） In England. （ B） In France. （ C） In America. （ D） In Switzerland. （ A） She is realistic and optimistic. （ B） She is snobbish and pessimistic. （ C） She is submitted to the will of Heaven. （ D） She is resigned to circumstances. （ A） It took her the first seven y
41、ears. （ B） It took her fourteen years. （ C） It took her a good three years. （ D） It took her sixteen years. （ A） Find out if a rock-climbing course will be offered. （ B） Plan a rock-climbing trip over spring break. （ C） Convince the man to take a rock-climbing course with her. （ D） Find a place to g
42、o rock-climbing. （ A） The college doesnt have any rock-climbing equipment. （ B） There are no appropriate places for rock-climbing nearby. （ C） There is, no one to teach them how to do rock-climbing. （ D） Not many students are interested in rock-climbing. （ A） Climbers have the opportunity to be outs
43、ide and enjoy the scenery. （ B） Climbing isnt as expensive as other sports. （ C） Learning to climb doesnt take a very long time. （ D） Climbers develop skills useful in other activities. （ A） Increasing upper-body strength. （ B） Discussing popular climbing sites. （ C） Selecting the necessary equipmen
44、t. （ D） Finding a climbing partner. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four c
45、hoices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Diamond-producing rivers are located far away the mountain sides. （ B） Diamonds can be formed without volcano heat and pressure. （ C） Volcano explosions brought some diamonds up to the earth surface. （ D） Explosions of the volcano can damage diamonds as well. （ A） I
46、n the volcanoes. （ B） On the floor of the sea. （ C） Under the river bed. （ D） At the foot of the mountains. （ A） How Diamond is Formed and Found. （ B） Diamond-A Precious Stone. （ C） Diamond Hunting. （ D） Diamond-Producing Countries. （ A） How people fall ill. （ B） The influence of peoples emotions on
47、 their health. （ C） A new method to cure breast cancer. （ D） Several ways to keep fit. （ A） Because he was of ill health. （ B） Because he was in a bad mood. （ C） Because his wife abandoned him. （ D） Because his immune system was not strong enough. （ A） Those who like talking about cheerful things li
48、ve together. （ B） Those who avoid talking about cheerful things die sooner. （ C） Those who like talking about their disease live longer. （ D） Those who avoid talking about their illness live longer. （ A） She is a housewife. （ B） She is a teacher. （ C） She is a singer. （ D） She is a musician. （ A） Th
49、e violin was too expensive. （ B） She was too young to play the violin. （ C） The violin was too big for her. （ D） Her mother wanted her to play the piano. （ A） To play the violin once again. （ B） To go to the United States. （ C） To accept a full scholarship. （ D） To make a tape recording. （ A） To live a more comfortable life. （ B） To give performances. （ C） To be a pupil of a famous violinist. （ D） To enter a famous university. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times
