1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 464及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled A Letter of Application. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 渴望工作的愿望 2个人技能和经历 3联系方式 A Letter of Application 二、 Part II Rea
2、ding Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for N
3、O) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on
4、Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Think out-of-the-box British physician, author, inventor, and consultant Edward de Bono has had a major impact o
5、n the way we think and particularly in the field of creativity. He coined the phrase “lateral thinking“ (水平思考 ) which involves approaching problems from diverse, unexpected angles and from different perspectives. Dr. de Bono meant to differentiate lateral thinkingin which you push the mind to make s
6、udden turns- from vertical thinking, which is logical and sequential thinking. Lateral thinking can be learned, and Dr. de Bono has created several techniques to help you apply lateral thinking to problem solving and idea generation. Some of these are the following: think of as many different altern
7、atives for solving a problem as you possibly can; challenge any assumptions you may have about your problem; and insert random elements which will encourage you to look at the problem from a different and unexpected perspective. Challenge your assumptions Assumptions are mental shortcuts: we assume
8、that a situation were facing is like other situations weve encountered before, and that what worked then will work once again. In fact, the more experienced we are in a particular area, the more likely we are Io bring lots of baggage to the problem, which can inhibit us from finding novel and creati
9、ve solutions. In order to challenge your assumptions, write down all of the dominant ideas that apply to a particular situation and then deliberately challenge them. List all of the assumptions that youre making and next to each one write a counter-assumptionnot necessarily its negation, but its opp
10、osite. Once you drop preconceived notions youre more likely to find better solutions. One approachsuggested by Jurgen Wolff on his blog Time to Write is to pretend that youre a Martian(火星人 ) that has just landed on earth and is seeing things on this planet for the first time. This would put you in a
11、 position of questioning everything, seeing your problem or situation with completely fresh eyes, and taking nothing for granted. introduce random elements Selecting a random element that has absolutely no connection to the problem at hand provides an unexpected entry point to the problem so that yo
12、u can face it from a unique angle. Ive mentioned using a random word as an initial stimulus on this blog before. De Bono explains that the brain is so good at making connections that it will find a way to connect the random word to the problem at hand, no matter how remote the word may seem. Take a
13、word from a random word generatoror open the dictionary to a random page and select a word extract its underlying principles, and then apply them to your problem. Be careful not to discard a specific word because you simply conclude that its of no use and then getting another word instead. If you do
14、 this youre probably just looking for a word that would neatly fit the problem youre trying to solve. Instead of a word, you can also use a picture as the random element or even an object. In addition, the random element that you introduce can be a “false rule“. Basically, you take a rule, quote, id
15、ea or suggestion from somewhere else and apply it to your own situation. How does applying the “false rule“ to your problem make you see it differently? What new elements does it introduce? How does it shift your perception of the problem? Does the general principle of the rule also apply to your pr
16、oblem? The general principle of the random input, whether its a word, picture, object or false rule, is to open up new lines of thinking. If youre stuck and have run out of ideas during the creative thinking process, try a random element to help you find a starting point. Two lateral thinking puzzle
17、s Here are two lateral thinking puzzles for you to try and resolve (the answers are provided below, but make an effort to resolve the problems before looking at the answer): 1. Acting on an anonymous phone call, the police raid a house to arrest a suspected murderer. They dont know what he looks lik
18、e, but they know his name is John. Inside they find a carpenter, a taxi driver, a car mechanic and a fireman playing cards. Without even asking his name, they immediately arrest the fireman. How do they know theyve got their man? 2. A murderer is condemned to death. He has to choose between three ro
19、oms. The first is full of raging fires, the second is full of assassins(刺客 ) with loaded guns, and the third is full of lions that havent eaten in 3 years. Which room is safest for him? Solutions to the two lateral thinking problems above The solution to the first problem above is that there was onl
20、y one man sitting at the table; the other three, the carpenter, the taxi driver, and the mechanic were women. As for the second problem, the safest room is the third. Lions that havent eaten in three years are dead. Lesson in lateral thinking Edward de Bono tells the story of a farmer in a small Ind
21、ian village who owed lots of money to the village moneylender and did not have the means to pay it back. The moneylender was old and ugly and was attracted to the farmers beautiful young daughter. The devious moneylender proposed the following: he would pick up two pebbles from the roadone black and
22、 one whiteand put them in a bag. The girl would then put her hand in the bag and take out a pebble. If she took out the black pebble, she had to marry the moneylender and her fathers debt would be forgiven. If she took out the white pebble, she didnt have to marry the moneylender and her fathers deb
23、t would still be forgiven. If she refused to take out a pebble her father would be put in jail. As the moneylender bent down to pick up the pebbles from the road, the girl noticed that he picked up two black pebbles and put them in the bag. What should she do? If youre using logical thinking you wou
24、ld probably conclude that the girl should show that there were two black pebbles in the bag and expose the moneylender as a cheat. However, what the girl did was to put her hand in the bag and take out a pebble. She then pretended to stumble and let the pebble fall onto the pebble-strewn path where
25、it immediately became lost among all the other pebbles. “Oh, how clumsy of me, she said, “But never mind, if you look into the bag for the one thats left, you will be able to tell which pebble I picked.“ Obviously, since the pebble that was left in the bag was black, then she must have picked the wh
26、ite pebble. Since the moneylender couldnt admit what he had done, the girl effectively turned what looked like an impossible situation into an advantage. Conclusion While logic is concerned with “truth“ and “what is“, lateral thinking is concerned with “possibilities“ and “what could be“. You can tr
27、ain your mind to automatically approach situations from different angles and perspectives. One way to this is by solving lateral thinking puzzles, which demand an open mind and a creative approach. 2 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） The definition of creativity. （ B） The achievements of Edward
28、 de Bono. （ C） The introduction of the lateral thinking theory. （ D） The difference between lateral thinking and vertical thinking. 3 According to Bono, in lateral thinking we shouldnt deal with problems_. （ A） in an unpredicted way （ B） from various and different perspectives （ C） by sudden changes
29、 in the way of thinking （ D） by following the regular logic and sequence 4 Which of the following techniques concerning lateral thinking is NOT mentioned in the passage? （ A） Trying to figure out the maximum of solutions to the problem. （ B） Trying to handle the situation from a macroscopic perspect
30、ive. （ C） Trying to question your presumptions about the problem. （ D） Trying to add in unselected factors to bring you unexpected inspiration. 5 According to the passage, in certain situations our former experiences _. （ A） will always work once again （ B） can improve the efficiency of solving prob
31、lems （ C） can be our personal treasure （ D） may hinder us from conceiving better ideas 6 By pretending to be a Martian, we may _. （ A） feel relaxed and interested in solving the problem （ B） find a way out to escape the problem temporarily （ C） avoid stereotypes and see the problem from a fresh angl
32、e （ D） find out the significance of imagination 7 Once you cant see any use out of the word you take at random, _. （ A） try to take another random word （ B） keep trying to connect it to the present problem （ C） look for a proper word to your problem （ D） replace the word with a picture or an object
33、at once 8 When a “false rule“ is applied to your situation, _. （ A） it can be of no help with your problem （ B） it may mislead you to a false direction （ C） it may make your problem more complicated （ D） it may offer you a brand-new outlook 9 Some people may fail to figure out puzzle 2, possibly bec
34、ause they didnt realize, without food for 3 years, the lions should have been _ rather than hungry and more dangerous. 10 In The Tale of Two Pebbles, with the creative way of thinking, the girl eventually reversed the unfavorable condition and gained _. 11 Solving lateral thinking puzzles is one goo
35、d choice for you to develop _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each q
36、uestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） To remind the woman to lock the door when going out. （ B） To remind the man to take his keys when going out. （ C） To prevent the thief to break into when go
37、ing out. （ D） To prevent visitors from having an accident. （ A） The advertisements let us know the best product. （ B） The advertisements give us sufficient information. （ C） The advertisements fail to convince people. （ D） The advertisements give misleading information. （ A） She wants to borrow his
38、notes and advises him to attend the lecture. （ B） She wants to borrow his notes and advises him to attend the seminar. （ C） She can lend her notes right now and advises him to attend the lecture. （ D） She cant lend him her notes right now and advises him to attend the seminar. （ A） He cant remember
39、people by sight. （ B） He cant remember people by name. （ C） He has a terrible memory for football. （ D） He has a hard time recognizing names. （ A） She is fond of shopping. （ B） She doesnt know what to buy for Christmas. （ C） She gives the man advice on what to buy for Christmas. （ D） She doesnt thin
40、k its necessary to buy gifts. （ A） Hes looking for ways to start his business. （ B） He has high reward for his overseas counterparts. （ C） His business starts to be prosperous. （ D） Hes using a business directory to develop more connections. （ A） The woman shouldnt lose her job. （ B） The woman shoul
41、dnt be frustrated. （ C） The woman wont be laid off by the management. （ D） The woman can easily find new thing. （ A） The cultures of different countries. （ B） The woman gets along well with her roommates. （ C） The womans first year study at college. （ D） The womans foreign roommates. （ A） Find anoth
42、er equipment. （ B） Connect his computer to the office. （ C） Find the mangers office. （ D） Do preparation for the minutes. （ A） To write down as much as she can. （ B） To prepare a reasonable presentation. （ C） To make a list of the subjects to be considered at the meeting. （ D） To give notice to peop
43、le to attend the meeting. （ A） She should do the man a favor. （ B） She should sort out the relevant material of the meeting. （ C） She should arrange the next meeting. （ D） She should go to see the manager. （ A） They should quit their entertainment like golf. TV. （ B） They should decline things. （ C）
44、 They should save time at work. （ D） They should spend all their weekend with their kids. （ A） They need to listen to their kids with great interest and attention. （ B） They should tell whether its their kids mistake. （ C） They should exchange all their life stories with the kids. （ D） They should g
45、ive reward to their kids often. （ A） Know the limit of your temper. （ B） Tell them dont do the same things again. （ C） Give them reward to behave well. （ D） Pretend to be unaware of what happened. （ A） Because their children will take it for granted. （ B） Because the other family members will think
46、it unfair. （ C） Because their children cannot manage their budgets well. （ D） Because their children can tell the value of their award. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions
47、will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Graduation. （ B） A class reunion. （ C） The dedication of a new building. （ D） The groundbreaking ceremony for a pedestrian walkway on campus. （ A） The main campus. （
48、B） The student population. （ C） The age-old ideals. （ D） The programs of the Division of Continuing Education. （ A） Because a bell tower was to be built on the site. （ B） Because it was found unsafe. （ C） Because a parking lot was to be constructed there. （ D） Because no one wanted to preserve it. （
49、 A） Everything at State University has changed in the past ten years. （ B） Although the campus looks the same, some things have changed at State University. （ C） In spite of the changes on the campus, the commitments of the State University remain the same. （ D） Everything has stayed the same at State University during the past ten years. （ A） To offer a criticism of the works of Pearl Buck. （ B） To illustrate Pearl Bucks views on Chinese literature. （ C） To indicate the backgr
