1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 550及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Students Starting Their Own Businesses. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below. 目前有不少大学生开始创业 1对此不少人给予了肯定 2也有人有不同的看法 3我认为 Students S
2、tarting Their Own Businesses 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the
3、 information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Smoke and Minors More teenage girls smoke than boys. Could it be because the tobacco industry plays on their desire to
4、 look fun, feel confident and stay thin? Forget BlackBerrys or wedges: the most desirable accessory for huge numbers of adolescent girls today is a cigarette. The trend began in the 1990s, when girls started to overtake boys as smokers; the gap grew to 10 percentage points in 2004 with 26% of 15-yea
5、r-old girls smoking compared with 16% of boys. The gap has narrowed since but in 2009 girls are still more likely to smoke than boys. There has long been a synergy (协同作用 ) between the changing self-image of girls and the tricks of the tobacco industry. Smoking was described by one team of researcher
6、s as a way in which some adolescent girls express their resistance to the “good girl“ feminine identity. In 2011, when Kate Moss creates controversy by smoking tobacco on the Louis Vuitton catwalk and Lady Gaga breaks the law by lighting up on stage, cigarettes have clearly lost none of their appeal
7、. Whats different today is the “dark marketing“ techniques used by the tobacco industry since the end of “above-the-line“ advertising in 2002. These appeal to girls fears and fantasies, through online and real-world sponsorship. Tobacco manufacturers, for instance, have been accused of flooding YouT
8、ube with videos of sexy smoking teenage girls, while in a pioneering partnership with British American Tobacco, Londons Ministry of Sound nightclub agreed in 1995 to promote Lucky Strike cigarettes. Most harmful because they are the most covert (隐蔽的 ), though, are the underground dance parties organ
9、ised by Marlboro Mxtronic and Urban Wave, the marketing wing of Camel. Beneath the Camel logo, Urban Wave dance parties stretching from Mexico to the Ukraine hand out free cigarettes, and are themselves free: you must be invited and register, thereby helping the tobacco company build up a database.
10、In the US a 2007 fashion-themed Camel 9 campaign was clearly targeted at young women, and so-called “brand stretching“ has popularised tobacco brands on non-tobacco products, such as Marlboro Classic Clothes. Adolescent girls seem particularly susceptible to the blandishments of the tobacco industry
11、. Susie, 15, began smoking two years ago. “It was on the common and everyone started experimenting. You think, Ooh, Im more cool, ooh I feel grownup and in with the crowd.“ Vanessa, 15, remembers that “it gave me a headrush, and it impressed my friends“. Becca, 21, became a regular smoker at 15. “We
12、 were going out and lying about our age and thought smoking made us look older.“ Janne Scheffels, a Norwegian researcher, argued recently that teenage girl smokers view it as a kind of “prop (支撑 )“ in a performance of adulthood, a way of crossing the boundary between childhood and adolescence, and m
13、oving away from parents authority. Becca, says: “It felt like getting one over my parents: the fact that they didnt like it and couldnt stop it made me feel better.“ Teenage smokers, the theory used to go, suffer from a lack of self-esteem. The reality is more complex. A succession of studies have f
14、ound that smoking positions you in a group of “top girls“ high-status, popular, fun-loving, rebellious, confident, cool party-goers who project self-esteem (not, of course, the same as actually having it). Non-smokers are mostly seen as more sensible and less risk-taking. Smoking, says Vanessa, is a
15、lso bonding. You start conversations with strangers when you ask for a light an attractive social lubricant (润滑剂 ) for awkward teenagers. But the hub of teen smoking is break-time: it builds a girls smoking identity. Sara, 14, says: “That was when it became regular, when I started going out at lunch
16、 and break, round the corner from school where everyone smokes. You become less close to people who dont go out.“ Some smoke for emotional reasons: smokers are more likely to be anxious and depressed; having a cigarette is a way of dealing with stress. Twice as many teenage girls suffer from “teen a
17、nxiety“ as boys, according to a report from the thinktank Demos last month. According to Amanda Amos, professor of health promotion at the University of Edinburgh, theres also a social class dimension: more disadvantaged teenage girls smoke, and theyre less likely to give up. Then why arent boys equ
18、ally affected? This is where it gets particularly dispiriting. “Top boys“ have alternative ways of displaying prestige, such as sport: smoking to look cool conflicts with their desire to get fit. Girls want to be thin more than fit: smoking, they believe, helps keep their weight down. One in four sa
19、id that smoking made them feel less hungry and that they smoked “instead of eating“. Already in the 1920s the president of American Tobacco realised he could interest women in cigarettes by selling them as a fat-free way to satisfy hunger. The Lucky Strike adverts of 1925, “Reach for Lucky instead o
20、f a sweet“, one of the first cigarette advert campaigns aimed at women, increased its market share by more than 200%. Between 1949 and 1999, according to internal documents from the tobacco industry released during litigation in the US, Philip Morris and British American Tobacco added appetite suppr
21、essants to cigarettes. The industry has continued to exploit girls and womens anxieties about weight. Since advertising was banned, says Amos, packaging is one of the few ways that tobacco companies can communicate with women. Young women looking at cigarette packs branded “slim“ are more likely to
22、believe that the contents can help make them slim. So no prizes for guessing the target market for the new “super-skinny“ cigarettes half the depth of a normal pack of 20 like Vogue Superslims, or the Virginia S. Until recently, few health education campaigns had taken on board the research into why
23、 young women smoke and so unsurprisingly had little impact. Some even inadvertently encouraged smoking: if you bang on about how bad cigarettes are you make them to this group sound good. And theres no point in trying to scare girls about developing cancer when theyre old: they dont think they will
24、be. The ones I interviewed know the health risks but use all kinds of strategies to exempt themselves: their uncles smoke and are fine; theyll stop when theyre pregnant (they disapprove of smoking pregnant women); theyll stop to avoid wrinkles; theyll stop when theyre “20 or 30“. The successful camp
25、aigns have been radically different. The brilliant late-1990s Florida “truth“ campaign, eschewing (避开 ) worthy public health appeals, played the tobacco industry at its own game. Through MTV ads, a newsletter distributed in record shops, merchandising, and a “truth“ truck touring concerts and raves,
26、 it attacked the industry for manipulating teens to smoke, repositioning anti-smoking as a hip, rebellious youth movement. As a result, the number of young smokers declined by almost 10% over two years. It doesnt do to get morally anxious about girls and smoking. For one thing, now that in year 10 “
27、everyone smokes“, non-smokers and other independent-minded girls are acquiring a cool of their own. Smoking to look cool, its even been suggested, risks you being judged a “try-hard“. On the other hand, cancer is the greatest cause of death among women and, as Amos points out, we havent seen the ful
28、l health consequences of this bulge of girls smoking yet. Last week Amos addressed the European parliament as part of Europe Against Cancer Week. Female MEPS (members of the European parliament) were shocked when she passed round packets of super-skinnies clearly targeted at girls, and discussed how
29、 women need to be empowered not to smoke. Girls need alternatives that make them feel as powerful, independent and attractive as they think cigarettes do. Smoking really is a feminist issue. 2 In the 1990s, there was a trend that_. （ A） girls desired for high-end products （ B） cigarettes became nece
30、ssary to girls （ C） more teenage girls smoked than boys （ D） many boys started to quit smoking 3 What do the examples of Kate Moss and Lady Gaga show? （ A） Sexy smoking teenage girls enjoy great popularity. （ B） Top brands tend to hire celebrities in their promotions. （ C） Few adolescent girls are s
31、atisfied with their appearance. （ D） Smoking is still very appealing to many teenage girls. 4 What is said about the underground dance parties organized by Marlboro Mxtronic? （ A） They are hidden and extremely harmful. （ B） They give people enormous pleasure. （ C） They can be found throughout the wo
32、rld. （ D） They are mainly aimed at teenage boys. 5 According to Janne Scheffels, adolescent girls regard smoking as_. （ A） a sign of being anxious and depressed （ B） an act of defiance toward parental authority （ C） a way of starting conversations with strangers （ D） an effective method of impressin
33、g their peers 6 The author suggests that “top girls“_. （ A） are less likely to be smokers （ B） can deal with stress very well （ C） are more sensible than other girls （ D） dont actually have self-esteem 7 Amanda Amos holds that disadvantaged girls_. （ A） realize the harm of smoking （ B） are less like
34、ly to stop smoking （ C） want to get fit instead of being thin （ D） have healthy ways of losing weight 8 What did American Tobacco do to attract women to cigarettes in the 1920s? （ A） It used substances that increased appetite. （ B） It handed out free cigarettes in public places. （ C） It sold cigaret
35、tes as a slimming aid for women. （ D） It produced cigarettes that had a sweet taste. 9 Young women tend to believe that cigarettes in slim packs can help them to be_. 10 Heath education campaigns had_on stopping women from smoking because few of them studied the reason women smoke. 11 The super-skin
36、ny cigarette packs which Amos presented at the European parliament _its female members. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation
37、 and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The results of her finals are ironic. （ B） The man should have attended the lectures. （ C） The resu
38、lt of the final is unbelievable, too. （ D） The man should not have chosen urban planning. （ A） She wanted to please the man. （ B） She bought the ticket on impulse. （ C） She wanted to invite her professor to the concert. （ D） She meant to ignore the appointment with her professor. （ A） He declined th
39、e bookstore job once. （ B） He really wants to work in the bookstore. （ C） He didnt know where the bookstore was. （ D） He wasnt offered the job in the bookstore. （ A） The tailors. （ B） A dress-up party. （ C） The theatre. （ D） A shopping mall. （ A） Her mom has approved without hesitation, while her da
40、d hasnt. （ B） Her dad has approved of it, and her mom will probably do the same. （ C） Her dad still needs time to think, while her mom has already agreed. （ D） Her dad needs time to think, while her mom definitely wont consider it. （ A） He couldnt make time for it. （ B） He had probably caught the fl
41、u. （ C） He was not in the mood for it. （ D） He went floating with some other students. （ A） She feels very hot in the room. （ B） She doesnt like the smell inside. （ C） She wants to avoid meeting people. （ D） She wants to smoke a cigarette there. （ A） He dislikes this job, so he will quit soon. （ B）
42、He likes the job, if not for those working hours. （ C） Hes not decided, but he knows he shouldnt quit. （ D） He wants to change his job for all he likes about it. （ A） The choice of Barings Factory is better. （ B） The choice of the hospital is better. （ C） There is no need to change the topic. （ D） T
43、he choice of the university is better. （ A） The introduction of the draft. （ B） The first part of the draft. （ C） The headings of the draft. （ D） The middle part of the draft. （ A） It is not clear and needs to be revised. （ B） It provides too little information. （ C） It makes the draft appear too si
44、mplistic. （ D） It is not relevant to the approach the woman has taken. （ A） Playing cards. （ B） Preparing snacks. （ C） Studying with a partner. （ D） Learning how to design bridges. （ A） Quit the game and go away. （ B） Watch her partner playing cards. （ C） Teach the man how to play bridge. （ D） Play
45、cards in cooperation with her partner. （ A） Stay up too late. （ B） Miss her card game. （ C） Indulge in playing games. （ D） Take too heavy a workload next semester. （ A） He doesnt have a partner. （ B） He doesnt like to play games. （ C） He already knows how to play. （ D） He doesnt have enough free tim
46、e. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A）
47、 To inhibit loans. （ B） To control inflation. （ C） To inhibit consumption. （ D） To encourage personal saving. （ A） They are disadvantageous to poor people. （ B） They make the economy from bad to worse. （ C） They adversely affect the international trade. （ D） They greatly affect the domestic industry
48、. （ A） Poor people in India make up 40% of the population. （ B） India is one of the leading tourist destinations. （ C） India is trying to get out of the economic crisis. （ D） India is the worlds second fastest-growing major economy. （ A） It can be cured by a kind of operation. （ B） It can be cured b
49、y a kind of medicine. （ C） Its main symptom is “forgetful“. （ D） The old often suffer from it. （ A） It can help people keep alert. （ B） It can help people keep young. （ C） It can help improve peoples memory. （ D） It can help strengthen peoples bodies. （ A） When he feels light-headed. （ B） When he can not sleep well. （ C） When he does not want to eat. （ D） When he feels very tired. （ A） Japanese car sales are down. （ B） Economy in Japan is from bad to
