1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 646及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled About Keeping Indoors You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 目前很多年轻人大部分时间喜欢 “宅 ”在家里，很少外 出进行户外活动 2. 对这种做法有人表示支持，也有人并不赞成 3. 我的观点 二、 Part II
2、 Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (f
3、or NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Big Blunders from Big Businesses International marketing can be a tricky business. With the increase in global trade, international companies cannot afford t
4、o make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive and profitable. Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing. Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing re
5、sults. Out of their blunders, a whole new industry of translation services has emerged. Faulty Translations The value of understanding the language of a country cannot be overestimated. Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising. Since a language is more than
6、 the sum of its words, a literal, word-by-word dictionary translation seldom works. The following examples prove this point. Otis Engineering Company once displayed a poster at a trade show in Moscow that turned heads. Due to a poor translation of its message, the sign boasted that the firms equipme
7、nt was great for improving a persons sex life. The Parker Pen Company suffered an embarrassing moment when it realized that a faulty translation of one of its ads into Spanish resulted in a promise to “help prevent unwanted Pregnancies.“ Automobile manufacturers in the United States have made severa
8、l notorious advertising mistakes that have been well publicized. General Motors learned a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrolet Nova to the Puerto Rican market. Although “nova“ means “star“ in Spanish, when it is spoken, it sounds like “nova“ which means “it doesnt go.“ Few people wanted to
9、 buy a car with that meaning. When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales picked up dramatically. Ford also ran into trouble with the name of one of its products. When it introduced a low-cost truck called the “Fiera“ into Spanish speaking countries, Ford didnt realize until too late that the name mea
10、nt “ugly old woman“ in Spanish. Another American auto manufacturer made a mistake when it translated its Venezuelan ad for a car battery. It was no surprise when Venezuelan customers didnt want to buy a battery that was advertised as being “highly overrated.“ Airline companies have also experienced
11、problems of poor translation. A word-by-word translation ruined a whole advertising campaign for Braniff Airlines. Hoping to promote its plush leather seats, Braniffs ad urged passengers to “fly on leather.“ However, when the slogan was translated into Spanish, it told customers to “fly naked.“ Anot
12、her airline company, Eastern Airlines, made a similar mistake when it translated its motto, “We earn our wings daily“ into Spanish. The poor translation suggested that its passengers often ended up dead. Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies. One American food company
13、s friendly “Jolly Green Giant“ became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as “Intimidating Green Ogre.“ When translated into German, Pepsis popular slogan, “Come Alive with Pepsi“ came out implying “Come Alive from the Grave.“ No wonder customers in Germany didnt rush out to
14、 buy Pepsi. Even a company with an excellent international track record like Kentucky Fried Chicken is not immune to the perils of faulty translation. A lot of sales were lost when the catch phrase “finger lickin good“ became “eat your fingers off“ in the Chinese translation. A manufacturer of one l
15、aundry detergent made an expensive mistake in a promotional campaign in the Middle East. The advertisements showed a picture of a pile of dirty clothes on the left, a box of the companys detergent in the middle, and clean clothes on the right. Unfortunately, the message was incorrectly interpreted b
16、ecause most people in the Middle East read from right to left. It seemed to them that the detergent turned clean clothes into dirty ones. Cultural Oversights Can Be Disastrous Successful international marketing doesnt stop with good translationsother aspects of culture must be researched and underst
17、ood if marketers are to avoid blunders. When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, level of literacy, religion, or economic development of a culture, they fail to capture their target market. For example, when a popular American designer tr
18、ied to introduce a new perfume in the Latin American market, the product aroused little interest and the company lost a lot of money. Ads for the new fragrance highlighted its fresh camellia scent. What marketers had failed to realize was that camellias are traditionally used for funerals in many So
19、uth American countries. Procter and Gamble has been successful in marketing its products internationally for many years. Today, overseas markets account for over one third of its sales. However, the companys success in this area didnt happen over night. Procter and Gamble initially experienced huge
20、losses because marketing managers did not recognize important cultural differences. For instance, when P a lower sound tells them theyre swaying backward. A) integrates I) prone B) weaken J) cues C) unites K) disoriented D) triggered L) connection E) emit M) tilt F) innate N) reference G) influenced
21、 O) awaken H) rehabilitate 49 【 C1】 50 【 C2】 51 【 C3】 52 【 C4】 53 【 C5】 54 【 C6】 55 【 C7】 56 【 C8】 57 【 C9】 58 【 C10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,
22、C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 58 Only two animals have entered the human household otherwise than as prisoners and become domesticated by other means than those of enforce servitude (束缚 ): the dog and the cat. Two things they have in common, namely, that both belong to the order of
23、carnivores and both serve man in their capacity of hunters. In all other characteristics, above all in the manner of their association with man, they are as different as the night from the day. There is no domestic animal which has so rapidly altered its whole way of living, indeed its whole sphere
24、of interests, that has become domestic in so true a sense as the dog; and there is no animal that, in the course of its century-old association with man, has altered so little as the cat. There is some truth in the assertion that the cat, with the exception of a few luxury breeds, such as Angoras, P
25、ersians and Siamese, is no domestic animal but a completely wild being. Maintaining its full independence, it has taken up its abode in the house and outhouses of man, for the simple reason that there are more mice there than elsewhere. The whole charm of the dog lies in the depth of the friendship
26、and the strength of the spiritual ties with which he has bound himself to man, but the appeal of the cat lies in the very fact that she has formed no close bond with him, that she has the uncompromising independence of a tiger or a leopard while she is hunting in his stables and barns; that she stil
27、l remains mysterious and remote when she is rubbing herself gently against the leg of her mistress or purring contentedly in front of the fire. I should no more like to be without a cat in my home than to be without the dog that trots behind me in field or street. Since my earliest youth I have alwa
28、ys had dogs and cats about me. Business-like friends have advised me to write a dog-book and a cat-book separately, because dog-lovers dislike cats and cat- lovers frequently abhor dogs. But I consider it the finest test of genuine love and understanding of animals if a person has sympathies for bot
29、h these creatures, and can appreciate in each its own special virtue. 59 Dogs and cats are similar in that _. （ A） people can use them for hunting （ B） they are associated with man closely （ C） they have the same way of living （ D） they are equally liked by people 60 According to the author, cats _.
30、 （ A） are not domestic animals at all （ B） are fiercer than dogs （ C） are both meek and independent （ D） can sometimes be very hostile to people 61 The appeal of the dog chiefly lies in its _. （ A） marked difference from the cat （ B） ability to develop a strong attachment to man （ C） its submissiven
31、ess to man （ D） its meekness as well as its defiant nature 62 We can infer from the passage that the author _. （ A） prefers dogs to cats （ B） prefers cats to dogs （ C） likes dogs as well as cats （ D） likes neither dogs nor cats 63 The passage concludes that _. （ A） dogs are more domesticated than ca
32、ts （ B） dogs are more lovable than cats （ C） though different, dogs and cats have their own charms （ D） both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one house 64 Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumul
33、ating since the 1930s that calorie restriction-reducing an animals energy intake below its energy consumptionextends lifespan and delays the appearance of age-related diseases in rats, dogs, fish and monkeys. Such results have inspired thousands of people to put up with constant hunger in the hope o
34、f living longer, healthier lives. They have also led to a search for drugs that imitate the effects of calorie restriction without the pain of going on an actual diet. A study, known as CALERIE (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy), was sponsored by Americas Na
35、tional Institutes of Health. It took 48 men and women aged between 25 and 50 and assigned them randomly to either a control group or a calorie-restriction regime. Those in the second group were required to cut their calorie intake for six months to 75% of that needed to maintain their weight. The CA
36、LERIE study is a landmark in the history of the field, because its subjects were either of normal weight or only slightly overweight. Previous projects have used individuals who were clinically obese(肥胖的 ), thus confusing the unquestionable benefits to health of reducing obesity with the possible ad
37、vantages of calorie restriction to the otherwise healthy. At a molecular level, CALERIE suggests these advantages are real. For example, those on restricted diets had showed drops in body temperature and blood-insulin(胰岛素 ) levelsboth phenomena that have been seen in long-lived, calorie-restricted a
38、nimals. Dr Rattan doubts whether calorie restriction will extend maximum human life expectancy. He argues that the concepts of ageing and longevity(长寿 ) must be separated. It may, indeed, be possible to reduce or eliminate particular age-related diseases, and that would increase average lifespan in
39、the way that eliminating other diseases has done in the past. But this is not the same as slowing down aging itself, and thus increasing maximum lifespan. Longevity is a more complex trait than any individual disease, and, in his opinion, it will not be altered so easily. Cynthia Kenyon, a researche
40、r looking into anti-aging drugs, believes that some molecules are likely to be approved in the next five to ten years, for guarding against age-related diseases. People then will start taking them, and a huge natural experiment will get under way. If Dr Rattan is wrong, maximum lifespan as well as a
41、verage lifespan will increase. If he is right, at least people will enjoy a healthier old age. 64 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. （ A） an effective calorie restriction involves taking little food while doing much exercise （ B） calorie restriction is proved to be effective in prev
42、enting illness in some animals （ C） some drugs are taken by people to live longer without suffering from starvation （ D） before the 1930s,people did not believe in the positive effect in extending lifespan 65 What can we learn about the subjects in the CALERIE study? （ A） They were selected by the N
43、ational Institutes of Health. （ B） They were divided into two groups according to their sex and age. （ C） Half of them became thinner after the study. （ D） They received periodical medical checks during the 6 months. 66 The CALERIE study is a turning point in the research field in _. （ A） studying t
44、he effect of calorie restriction on human beings instead of animals （ B） having subjects with a wide range of age and weight （ C） proving the positive effect of calorie restriction on prolonging peoples life （ D） excluding the positive effect of obesity reduction on keeping health 67 From Dr Rattans
45、 point of view, the results of calorie restriction in the CALERIE study _. （ A） were doubtable whether they were valid or not （ B） did not show the effect in preventing age-related diseases （ C） failed to prove the effect in increasing average lifespan （ D） could not testify the effect in changing m
46、aximum lifespan 68 According to Cynthia Kenyon, anti-aging drugs in the future will _. （ A） extend the average and maximum lifespan （ B） be useful to test Dr Rattans hypothesis （ C） cure some diseases related to aging （ D） be taken to study their side effects 三、 Part V Cloze (15 minutes) Directions:
47、 There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. 68 Smoking is a harmful habit and makes one addicted once they start doing it. The number of teenagers smoking today has increased【 C1
48、】 _ . Their parents do their best to【 C2】 _ them from starting the habit, however, most of them are【 C3】 _ Teenagers experience a feeling of isolation. It is the time that they are【 C4】 _ which role to take in society. Most of them usually have 【 C5】 _ crisis at this age and smoking makes them feel
49、better. Once they start smoking, they soon love the feeling of【 C6】 _ it brings them.【 C7】 _ , they continue doing it. 【 C8】 _ pressure is also a great factor to this. A teenager would like to【 C9】 _ to a group. Having some people to support you and【 C10】 _ you in any social activity feels great. At this stage, teenagers feel their parents dont【 C11】 _
