1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 704及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On LiJb-tong Learning? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1. 终身学习的含义。 2. 现代 社会需要终身学习。 3. 我对终身学习的态度。 二、 Part II Reading Compr
2、ehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the
3、statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Artificial Intelligence Im sure that Hans Moravec is at least as sane as I am, but he certainly brought to mind the classic mad scientist as we sat in his fifth-floor offi
4、ce at Carnegie-Mellon University on a dark and stormy night. It was nearly midnight, and he mixed for each of us a bowl of chocolate milk and Cheerios, with slices of banana piled on top. Then, with banana-slicing knife in hand, Moravec, the senior research scientist at Carnegie Mellons Mobile Robot
5、 Laboratory, outlined for me how he could create a robotic immortality for Everyman, a deathless universe in which life would go on forever. By creating computer copies of our minds and transferring, or downloading, this program into robotic bodies, Moravec explained, humans could survive for centur
6、ies. “You are in an operating room. A robot brain surgeon is in attendance . Your skull but not your brain is anesthetized (麻醉 ). You are fully conscious. The surgeon opens your braincase and peers inside.“ This is how Moravec described the process in a paper he wrote called “Robots That Rove“. The
7、robotic surgeons attention is directed at a small clump of about one hundred neurons somewhere near the surface. Using high-resolution 3-D nuclear-magnetic-resonance holography, phased-array radio encephalography, and ultrasonic radar, the surgeon determines the three-dimensional structure and chemi
8、cal makeup of that neural clump. It writes a program that models the behavior of the clump and starts it running on a small portion of the computer sitting next to you. That computer sitting next to you in the operating room would in effect be your new brain. As each area of your brain was analyzed
9、and simulated, the accuracy of the simulation would be tested as you pressed a button to shift between the area of the brain just copied and the simulation. When you couldnt tell the difference between the original and the copy, the surgeon would transfer the simulation of your brain into the new, c
10、omputerized one and repeat the process on the next area of your biological brain. “Though you have not lost consciousness or even your train of thought, your mind-some would say soul-has been removed from the brain and transferred to a machine,“ Moravec said, “In a final step your old body is discon
11、nected. The computer is installed in a shiny new one, in the style, color, and material of your choice.“ As we sat around Moravecs office I asked what would become of the original human body after the downloading. “You just dont bother waking it up again if the copying went successfully.“ he said. “
12、Its so messy. Humans have got so many problems that you might just want to leave it retired. You dont take your Junker car out if youve got a new one.“ Moravecs idea is the ultimate in life insurance. Once one copy of the brains contents has been made, it will be easy to make multiple backup copies,
13、 and these could be stashed in hiding places around the world, allowing you to embark on any sort of adventure without having to worry about aging or death. As decades pass into centuries you could travel the globe and then the solar system and beyond-always keeping an eye out for the latest in robo
14、tic bodies into which you could transfer your computer mind. If living forever werent enough, you could live forever several times over by activating some of your backup copies and sending different versions of yourself out to see the world. “You could have parallel experiences and merge the memorie
15、s later,“ Moravec explained. In the weeks and months that followed my stay at Carnegie-Mellon, I was intrigued by how many researchers seemed to believe downloading would come to pass. The only point of disagreement was when-certainly a big consideration to those of us still knocking around in morta
16、l bodies. Although some of the researchers I spoke with at Carnegie-Mellon, MIT, and Stanford and in Japan thought that downloading was still generations away, there were others who believed achieving robotic immortality was imminent and seemed driven by private passions never to die. The significan
17、ce of the door Moravec is trying to open is not lost on others. Olin Shivers, a Carnegie-Mellon graduate student who works closely with Moravec as well as with Allen Newell, one of the founding fathers of artificial intelligence, told me, “Moravec wants to design a creature, and my professor Newell
18、wants to design a creature. We are all, in a sense, trying to play God.“ At MIT I was surprised to find Moravecs concept of downloading given consideration by Marvin Minsky, Donner Professor of Science and another father of artificial intelligence. Minsky is trying to learn how the billions of brain
19、 cells work together to allow a person to think and remember. If he succeeds, it will be a big step toward figuring out how to join perhaps billions of computer circuits together to allow a computer to receive the entire contents of the human mind. “If a person is like a machine, once you get a wiri
20、ng diagram of how he works, you can make copies,“ Minsky told me. Although Minsky doesnt think hell live long enough to download (hes fifty-seven now), he would consider it. “I think it would be a great thing to do.“ he said, “Ive spent a long time learning things, and Id hate to see it all go away.
21、“ Minsky also said he would have no qualms about waving good-bye to his human body and taking up residence within a robot. “Why not avoid getting sick and things like that?“ he asked. “Its hard to see anything against it. I think people will get fed up with bodies after a while. Then youll have anot
22、her population problem: Youll have all the people of the past, as well as the new ones.“ Another believer is Danny Hillis, one of Minskys Ph. D students and the founding Scientist of Thinking Machines, a Cambridge-based company that is trying to create the kind of computer that might someday receive
23、 the contents of a brain. During my research, several computer scientists would point to Hilliss connection machine as an example of a new order of computer architecture, one thats comparable to the human brain. (Hilliss connection machine doesnt have one large central processing unit as other compu
24、ters do but a network of 64,000 small units-roughly analogous in concept, if not in size, to the brains network of 40 billion neuronal processing units. ) “Ive added up the things 1 want to do in my life, and its about fifteen hundred years worth of stuff,“ Hillis, now twenty-eight, told me one day
25、as we stood out on the sixth-floor sundeck of the Thinking Machines building. “I enjoy having a body as much as anyone else does, but if its a choice between downloading into a computer-even one thats stuck in a room someplace- and still being able to think versus just dying, I would certainly take
26、that opportunity to think.“ Gerald J. Sussman, a thirty-six-year-old MIT professor and a computer hacker of historic proportions, expressed similar sentiments. “Everyone would like to be immortal. I dont think the time is quite right, but its close. Im afraid, unfortunately, that Im in the last gene
27、ration to die.“ “Do you really think that were that close?“ I asked. “Yes,“ he answered, which reminded me of something Moravec had written not too long ago: “We are on a threshold of a change in the universe comparable to the transition from nonlife to life.“ 2 In Moravecs mind, when a robotic immo
28、rtality is created, life will go on forever. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 A robot brain surgeon anesthetized your brain when he opens your braincase and peers inside. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Moravecs idea of robotic immortality is approved by the author. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 When your mind was transfe
29、rred from your brain to a machine, you would your train of thought. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 You could live forever several times over by _. 7 By _ , both Moravec and Professor Newell try to play God. 8 If we can join billions of computer circuits together like billions of brain cells which work toge
30、ther, then the computer can receive _. 9 We will have another population problem when people get _. 10 _ is the name of a Cambridge-based company that is trying to create the kind of computer which might receive the contents of a brain. 11 Between the choice of being downloaded into a computer which
31、 is stuck in a room but still being able to think and the choice of dying, Hillis will choose the _ one. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both
32、 the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Celebrity worship. （ B） Obsession with psychology. （ C） A world of justice. （ D） F
33、avorite nail polish colour. （ A） Prof. Steve deserves the title “expert on media.“ （ B） Prof. Steve has been to the lecture personally. （ C） She agrees with some of Prof. Steves opinions. （ D） The lecture seems like a war between traditional and modern readers. （ A） The doctor is just joking. （ B） T
34、he man should listen to the doctors advice. （ C） Traditional medicine can cure the cold. （ D） Drinking lots of water certainly helps the man. （ A） She is an interior designer. （ B） She is planning to decorate her house. （ C） Shed like to design by herself. （ D） She designed the house for the man. （
35、A） Taking a picture of the woman. （ B） Adjusting the flash. （ C） Figuring out the quality of the camera. （ D） Checking the light. （ A） Change her hairstyle. （ B） Change her attitude toward new things. （ C） Get the fears out of her mind. （ D） Try a virtual makeover on the Internet. （ A） She shouldnt
36、complain about caring for her mom. （ B） Its her brothers responsibility to take care of their mom. （ C） A senior day care program or home assistance may help. （ D） Financial help is badly needed to send her mom to hospital. （ A） Tell her that the doctor refuses to talk with her. （ B） Apologize to he
37、r and ask for her forgiveness. （ C） Tell her that she is intruding on his privacy. （ D） Say nothing more and leave her alone. （ A） The erupted lava. （ B） The destructive ash. （ C） The unbearable beat. （ D） The poisonous gas. （ A） Indonesia. （ B） Yellowstone National Park. （ C） The Wales. （ D） The Gr
38、eat Britain. （ A） By observing the ordinary ones that have already erupted. （ B） By studying the larger part of a volcano hidden underground. （ C） By tapping their potential of imagination. （ D） By resorting to past information and modem technology. （ A） Judging peoples behavior. （ B） Common causes
39、of anger. （ C） Changing peoples attitudes. （ D） The effects of negative behavior. （ A） When theyre unable to control the persons behavior. （ B） When the causes of the behavior are obvious. （ C） When the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant. （ D） When the behavior is expected. （ A） Their behav
40、ior should be attributed to factors beyond their control. （ B） Their behavior should be attributed to internal factors. （ C） Their behavior should be attributed to external factors. （ D） Their behavior should be attributed to others. （ A） We should blame external factors. （ B） We should blame intern
41、al factors. （ C） We should blame others. （ D） We neednt blame ourselves. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must c
42、hoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） It was named by the Chinese. （ B） It was named after a country house in England. （ C） It was named by a famous sports player. （ D） It was named by Indian army officers. （ A） In 1873. （ B） In 1875. （ C） In 1893. （ D） Between 1900
43、and 1934. （ A） He was the most influential figure in badminton. （ B） He had won 21 All-England championship in badminton. （ C） He had won the gold medal of badminton in the Barcelona Olympic Games in 1992. （ D） He had won over eighty international titles all his life. （ A） Their business hours are l
44、imited. （ B） Their safety measures are inadequate. （ C） Their banking procedures are complicated. （ D） They dont have enough service windows. （ A） People who are in the habit of switching from one bank to another. （ B） Young people who are fond of modern technology. （ C） Young people who are wealthy
45、 and well-educated. （ D） People who have computers at home. （ A） To compete for customers. （ B） To reduce the size of their staff. （ C） To provide services for distant clients. （ D） To expand their operations at a lower cost. （ A） The process of that debate was so nervous and painful. （ B） The debat
46、e was too heated to judge who was the winner. （ C） The judge didnt hold fair and objective attitude to each team. （ D） The room was so hot that he couldnt perform well. （ A） By making the audiences feel enlightened and think a lot. （ B） By making the listeners learn what you want to convey. （ C） By
47、making the speaker popular among people of all ages and all ranks. （ D） By convincing the audiences to change their former minds. （ A） Read more and try to paraphrase. （ B） Read several times in front of a mirror. （ C） Recite while distraction happens. （ D） Recite when we are in high spirits. （ A） T
48、hey may stand up and leave the auditorium. （ B） They may not care about the speech. （ C） They may send their complaints to the speech organisers. （ D） They may not be interested in the speaker. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for t
49、he first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The RMS Titanic slipped out of the harbor in Southampton, England, on
