1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 829及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Cell Phones Be Allowed in Middle Schools? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1随 着手机的普遍，越来越多的中学生把手机带到学校里 2人们对此看法不一 3我的观点 Should Ce
2、ll Phones Be Allowed in Middle Schools? 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agre
3、es with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 How to Keep Your New Years Resolutions About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat lik
4、ely to make a New Years resolution this year. Their top vows: to lose weight, quit smoking and exercise more. But consider this: if hard-core addicts can break bad habits some by moderating, not just quitting theres still hope for you. Whether your goal for this year is to get fit or tame, your drin
5、king, experts say theres a lot you can learn from people who have successfully moderated their habits to help keep you off the resolution merry-go-round. 1. Dont Kid Yourself “The most important thing is to be honest with yourself,“ says Howard Josepher, the president of Exponents Inc., an organizat
6、ion that provides support and educational services to people with substance-misuse issues. “You need to know the difference between enjoying yourself and self-medicating. Its not that self-medicating is necessarily bad but you should give yourself parameters. If you are adhering to them, OK. If not,
7、 you need to check yourself.“ Successful moderators decide in advance how much is too much and stick to their limit, no matter what. Have a cookie a day if thats what youve deemed acceptable. But if you cheat by having “just one more,“ know that you are only cheating yourself and worsening the probl
8、em, experts say. The point is to learn how to hold yourself accountable. For those who are concerned in particular about drinking a free, research-based online tool called Drinkers Checkup can help you determine whether you are drinking at unhealthy levels, and what to do if you are. 2. Quit Cold Tu
9、rkey Temporarily “Theoretically, there are very good reasons to take a break from a behavior, totally,“ says Reid Hester, director of research at Behavior Therapy Associates, explaining that an initial period of complete abstinence(节制 )can make it easier for people to moderate behavior by eliminatin
10、g the habitual, automatic aspect of the unwanted activity. Take a cue from the self-help group Moderation Management(MM), which advises problem drinkers to abstain completely for a month before attempting moderate drinking. If you cant achieve a month of abstinence, the thinking goes, successful mod
11、eration is unlikely. The best way to stay on course is frequent self-monitoring; use as many behavior-modification tools, support groups and programs as you can. In October, Hester and colleagues published a randomized controlled trial in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment comparing heavy drin
12、kers who used MMs website to help them quit with those who used the MM site plus another online tool that teaches behavior-control tactics and helps chart drinking. While both groups significantly reduced their drinking and alcohol-related problems, the group that used the additional tool had more d
13、ays abstinent and drank less when they drank. 3. Do What the Buddhist Would Do Alan Marlatt, director of the Addictive Behaviors Research Center at the University of Washington, studies “mindfulness-based relapse(重新染上 )prevention,“ which uses meditation(冥想 )and other ideas from Buddhist teachings to
14、 help people break bad habits. “Between stimulus and response, theres a space, and in that space is our power to choose our response, and in our response lies our growth and freedom,“ says Marlatt, quoting author and Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl. Marlatt says, “Mindfulness gets you into that spa
15、ce.“ Being mindful may involve traditional meditation, in which you sit quietly and observe your thoughts and breathing without judgment. But here, it is also used to focus awareness on thoughts and feelings that lead to unwanted behavior. Simply recognizing the triggers to relapse can help you choo
16、se not to give into them. “When theres a fork in the road, strong desire is pulling you one way. Well, whats the other way? You have to look down the other road and see where it takes you. Then you have a choice, instead of being on autopilot,“ says Marlatt. One tactic he recommends for resisting th
17、ose desires is called “urge-surfing.“ It involves being mindful of the fact that desire is like a wave it rises to a peak, then falls. This happens whether you yield to the urge or not, though most people mistakenly think their desire will escalate endlessly unless they give in. In fact, yielding to
18、 desire only reinforces them resisting, in contrast, reinforces resistance. Marlatt advises watching your urge, noting its peak and “surfing“ it, rather than allowing it to wipe you out. Another trick is to recognize that willpower is like a muscle it gets stronger with appropriate use but ultimatel
19、y weakens if overloaded. Thats why Hester recommends setting short-term goals that are “moderately difficult, realistic, concrete and measurable.“ As with weight-lifting, starting at a level that is challenging but not overwhelming can provide a sense of achievement and success which can give you th
20、e drive to take on bigger challenges. 4. Dont Try to Scare Yourself Straight Research shows that in the long term, the pleasure of victory is a better incentive than the agony of defeat. “Punishment is a poor motivator,“ says Hester. “It sets people up for failure. If all you do is punishing yoursel
21、f for failure, you wont stay motivated to change for very long.“ Instead, reward yourself for sticking to your limits and focus on the benefits of. changing. For instance, if your goal is to drink less or lose weight, treat yourself to something you want a new book or DVD, say each time you successf
22、ully resist a tempting dessert or achieve a goal, like a month of abstinence. Success tends to give birth to greater success. If you do slip back into old patterns, avoid blame. “Dont say, I cant do it, “ says Marlatt. “People make mistakes. If you keep working at it, you will get better over time.
23、Thats what the research shows.“ For some people, trying to moderate bad habits is not achievable or takes more effort than abstaining altogether as the philosopher St. Augustine put it, “Complete abstinence is easier than perfect moderation.“ Recognizing this by trying and failing can also be a crit
24、ical step toward behavior change. 5. Get Better Friends Consciously and unconsciously, people tend to imitate those around them. Thats why the latest research shows that things like happiness, smoking quitting and obesity can spread like a infectious disease through social networks. So surround your
25、self with friends who can also be role models. “Make sure that people you hang out with are people who look and act the way you would like to. Social imitation is the easiest form not only of flattery but of self-improvement,“ says Stanton Peele, author of Seven Tools to Beat Addiction. Social suppo
26、rt is critical to changing all kinds of behavior. Good friends can not only help you through slip-ups but also help keep your New Years resolutions from taking over your life. Rather than obsessing about what you shouldnt be doing, think about things you should, experts say. The distraction will hel
27、p you curb bad habits. “Focus on your higher goals and positive activities, things that both sustain you and fill your life,“ says Peele. If you regularly engage in meaningful activities that give you pleasure whether its visiting friends, picking up a hobby, taking a class or doing volunteer work y
28、oull simply have less time to engage in the behavior that you want to reduce. 2 According to Howard Josepher, self-medicating is a bad thing unless _. （ A） you adhere to the parameters （ B） you check yourself sometimes （ C） you are always honest with yourself （ D） you can tell it from enjoying yours
29、elf 3 What can be obtained through the help of Drinkers Checkup? （ A） Experts solution to problems caused by drinking. （ B） Information about your drinking levels. （ C） Instant online communication with expects. （ D） Suggestions of how to keep away from alcohol. 4 Moderation Management advices alcoh
30、ol addicts to _. （ A） seek help from professional doctors （ B） have an initial period of moderate drinking （ C） try a complete abstinence before moderate drinking （ D） quit cold turkey temporarily before quitting drinking 5 What can be concluded from Hesters randomized controlled trial? （ A） Its imp
31、ossible to have a successful moderation without MM. （ B） Frequent self-monitoring is the best way to keep resolution. （ C） MMs website is not effective in reducing drinking problems. （ D） Its helpful to use as many behavior-modification tools as possible. 6 “Mindfulness-based relapse prevention“ is
32、a way to quit bad habit based on _. （ A） supernatural power （ B） meditation （ C） scientific theories （ D） study results 7 Marlatt believes that mindfulness gets people into space _. （ A） between stimulus and response （ B） that is lack of freedom （ C） in which you forget all worries （ D） where you ar
33、e free from restriction 8 Why does Hester recommend to set a moderately difficult short-term goal? （ A） He has little confidence in peoples willpower. （ B） Short-term goal is easier to achieve. （ C） Willpower gets stronger with appropriate use. （ D） Challenges can provide a sense of success. 9 Resea
34、rch shows that in the long term, it is _ that motivates you to keep the resolution you have made. 10 It is advisable for you to reward yourself with a little prize once you _, like a month of abstinence. 11 As people tend to be affected by those around them, happiness as well as some bad habits can
35、spread like _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there wi
36、ll be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Go to the lab. （ B） Do experiments. （ C） Have dinner. （ D） Go to work. （ A） He works all night and sleeps in the daytime. （ B） He will get promotion soon. （ C） His working
37、hour is much more satisfying now. （ D） He will have a 3-day-holiday. （ A） He does not want to be interrupted when making decision. （ B） He will be the chairman of the committee for sure. （ C） He is not elected to the committee. （ D） He can make all the decisions himself. （ A） The man just changed hi
38、s work. （ B） The man just came back from journey. （ C） The man wants to leave his work. （ D） The man enjoys working very much. （ A） She is 12 years old. （ B） She lives in the United States. （ C） She is an American. （ D） She has an American accent. （ A） The man is eating too much today. （ B） The mans
39、 mind is occupied by his thesis. （ C） The thesis due date has came to an end. （ D） The thesis due date is within 2 month. （ A） His vacation is fabulous. （ B） His vacation is totally a mess. （ C） He enjoys going to Maine. （ D） The weather in Maine is unpredictable. （ A） Outside the shop. （ B） At the
40、bookstore. （ C） At the art museum. （ D） In the street. （ A） Choosing courses. （ B） Preordering textbooks. （ C） Dealing with used books. （ D） Looking for part-time jobs. （ A） Names of the recommended books. （ B） The name and number of her professor. （ C） A letter of recommendation from the supervisor
41、. （ D） The course names and the schedule numbers. （ A） When she gets the books. （ B） When the classes begin. （ C） When she hands in the form. （ D） When she is able to pay. （ A） The history of some famous cities. （ B） The population in the whole world. （ C） The difference between Europe and USA. （ D）
42、 The characteristics of some large cities. （ A） Housing and services. （ B） Traffic and resources. （ C） Water and electricity. （ D） Pollution and population. （ A） They controlled the growth. （ B） They grew relatively slowly. （ C） They had the same population. （ D） They were quite different. （ A） To l
43、ive together with their family. （ B） To bring their skills to cities. （ C） To build a better countryside. （ D） To search a better condition. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the quest
44、ions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The merits and drawbacks of a large populatioa （ B） The disadvantages of a large population. （ C） The advantages of a small population. （ D） The rapidly growing
45、world population. （ A） The level of education varies around the world. （ B） The economists attitudes to population differ greatly. （ C） The living standard varies from country to country. （ D） The countries attitudes to population differ greatly. （ A） Great pressure on housing. （ B） Rising demands o
46、f goods. （ C） The prosperity of the building industry. （ D） A declining market for manufactured goods. （ A） It will cover more big political affairs. （ B） It wont be printed in publishing houses. （ C） It will cover more scientific research. （ D） It will cover less disasters. （ A） Local and internati
47、onal news. （ B） A menu of political stories. （ C） The most important news. （ D） What you are interested in. （ A） They compete with each other. （ B） They do good to each other. （ C） They focus on different news. （ D） They will die out. （ A） It allows one to show his personal information. （ B） It offe
48、rs only the childrens personal information. （ C） It is against parents will to educate the kids. （ D） It only offers stories about other people. （ A） Its a reliable way to make friends online. （ B） It is convenient to get in touch with their parents. （ C） It is regarded as a way of judging high scho
49、ol popularity. （ D） It is regarded as a way of judging subject scores. （ A） There are too many complaints from net users. （ B） Hackers attack of MySpace cannot be forbidden. （ C） Parents cannot help checking childrens information. （ D） It is easy for trouble-makers to do harm to children. （ A） Do parents like MySpace? （ B） Is MySpace good or bad? （ C） MySpace is the home of children. （ D） MySpace is the bank of childrens information. Section C Directions: In this sect
