1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 102及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Most Important Thing in Cross-Cultural Communication. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A
2、 （ A） Peter is very busy. （ B） Peter works fast. （ C） Peter works hard. （ D） Peter is behind in study. （ A） Fly to Cleveland directly. （ B） Take a connecting flight at Seattle. （ C） Buy the ticket at Seattle. （ D） Buy a domestic airline ticket. （ A） He knows where to get a new map. （ B） He will help
3、 the woman read the map. （ C） He has already seen the library. （ D） He will go to the library as well. （ A） It will help detect all kinds of liars. （ B） It will most likely prove ineffective. （ C） It can help solve complex problems. （ D） It is a new weapon against terrorists. （ A） Spend money more r
4、easonably. （ B） Find a job to support his family. （ C） Apply for student loans again. （ D） Stop worrying about money. （ A） His stereo disturbs himself, too. （ B） His stereo sounds like dog barking. （ C） The neighbors arent justified in complaining. （ D） The neighbors dont appreciate music at all. （
5、A） She thinks she is behind in her study. （ B） She only has time to study in the evenings. （ C） She has no time to study in the evenings. （ D） She thinks working is easier than studying. （ A） Hes worried about whether he can finish his presentation tomorrow. （ B） Hes nervous but he believes hell be
6、better tomorrow. （ C） Hes nervous about his presentation because hes unprepared. （ D） Hell finish writing his presentation tomorrow. （ A） Food packaging. （ B） Varieties of fish. （ C） A new snack food. （ D） An artificial food flavoring. （ A） To preserve it longer. （ B） To give it a particular taste.
7、（ C） To make it smoother. （ D） To increase the fermentation. （ A） Its low purchase price. （ B） Its wide availability. （ C） Its good nutritional value. （ D） Its high water content. （ A） Because the product is out of stock. （ B） Because it will take months to arrive. （ C） Because the food hasnt been p
8、roduced yet. （ D） Because the special fish is in short supply. （ A） She forgot the time. （ B） She didnt feel hungry. （ C） She attended a prolonged class. （ D） She ran into an old friend. （ A） He is unable to prevent students from fighting. （ B） He is popular for his devotion to teaching. （ C） His le
9、ctures are hard to understand. （ D） He is ignorant of his students health. （ A） They make him feel good. （ B） He is indifferent to them. （ C） They bore him to death. （ D） He is overburdened. Section B （ A） From meat. （ B） From milk. （ C） From eggs. （ D） From sunshine. （ A） Darker skinned people. （ B
10、） Lighter skinned people. （ C） The old aged people. （ D） People living in the north. （ A） Taking excessive Vitamin D is harmful to health. （ B） Many people dont know the importance of Vitamin D. （ C） Older people are more likely to lack Vitamin D. （ D） More and more people suffer from skin caner. （
11、A） 200. （ B） 400. （ C） 600 （ D） 800 （ A） To explain the functions of the station. （ B） To comment on some popular singers. （ C） To address the issue of a new record. （ D） To introduce a radio program to listeners. （ A） About the Big Hits. （ B） The History of Pop. （ C） The Road to Music. （ D） Today i
12、n History. （ A） It is based on the interviews with popular singers. （ B） It is to introduce some famous songwriters. （ C） It helps to understand the words to the big music hits. （ D） It is the best program for the young listeners. （ A） They flew into a terrible storm. （ B） The plane hit an iceberg.
13、（ C） Their seat belts loosened suddenly. （ D） A passenger couldnt open his eyes. （ A） Six people were around her. （ B） She was the only one alive. （ C） Dead bodies were around her. （ D） Her legs were badly injured. （ A） Missing her family. （ B） Eating the mosquitoes. （ C） Counting the helicopters. （
14、 D） Drinking the dirty water. Section C 26 It is impossible to describe insomnia(失眠 )to people who are sound sleepers. These are the people who trust that getting in bed will be followed by falling asleep,【 B1】_ night follows day; these are the fearless people. Sleepless people are a very different【
15、 B2】 _. They know what insomnia really is: not just the failure to fall asleep, but the fear of that failure. For an insomniac, there is no such thing as a good night. Every evening even if it【 B3】 _, mercifully comes to an end is destroyed by【 B4】 _. To reach sleep the insomniac must first【 B5】 _ t
16、error. The fearless person also【 B6】 _ understand how easy it is to become one of the sleepless people. All it takes is one bad night. That bad night begets others: once you know you might not be able to sleep, you cant.【 B7】 _ that staying awake all night is a very real possibility, something that
17、could actually happen, is no different than realizing that your boyfriend might no longer be interested in you, or that the friendship you thought was indestructible is, in fact, as【 B8】 _ as anything else, or that you could very well not succeed at doing the work you so badly want to do. When you i
18、magine such【 B9】 _, you seem almost to will them into existence. To see the abyss is to take the first step towards it. What made F. Scott Fitzgerald “sleep-conscious,“ as he called it, was a mosquito: the bug【 B10】 _ him all night, and after that he had trouble sleeping for years. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】
19、 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious thought to how they can best【 C1】 _such changes. Growing bodies need
20、movement and【 C2】 _, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence that comes from achieving success and knowing that their
21、 accomplishments are【 C3】 _by others. However, the【 C4】_teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,【 C5】 _student artwork
22、, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide【 C6】_opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful group【 C7】_. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportiv
23、e adult【 C8】 _visible in the background. In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have short attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to something else without feeling【 C9】 _and wi
24、thout letting the other participants down. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. On the contrary, they can help students acquire a sense of【 C10】_by planning for roles that are within their capabilities and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. A)dynamics B
25、)multiple C)guidance D)typical E)displaying F)rarely G)exercise H)guilty I)admired J)nutrition K)commitment L)surplus M)accommodate N)barely O)claimed 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 The Industrial Revolution AThe Industrial Rev
26、olution is the name given to the massive social, economic, and technological change in 18th century and 19th century Great Britain. It commenced with the introduction of steam power(fuelled primarily by coal)and powered, automated machinery(primarily in textile manufacturing). BThe technological and
27、 economic progress of the Industrial Revolution gained driving force with the introduction of steam-powered ships, boats and railways. In the 19th Century it spread throughout Western Europe and North America, eventually impacting the rest of the world. Causes CThe causes of the Industrial Revolutio
28、n were complex and remain a topic for debate, with some historians seeing the Revolution as an outgrowth of social and institutional changes brought forth by the final end of feudalism in Great Britain following the English Civil War in the 17th century. The Enclosure movement and the British Agricu
29、ltural Revolution made food production more efficient and less labor-intensive, forcing the surplus population who could no longer find employment in agriculture into the cities to seek work in the newly developed factories. The colonial expansion of the 17th century with the accompanying developmen
30、t of international trade, creation of financial markets and accumulation of capital is also cited as a set of factors, as is the scientific revolution of the 17th century. The importance of a large domestic market should also be considered an important cause catalyst(催化剂 )of the Industrial Revolutio
31、n, particularly explaining why it occurred in Britain. In other nations(e.g. France), markets were split up by local regions often imposing tolls and tariffs on goods traded among them. The restructuring of the American domestic market would trigger the second Industrial Revolution over 100 years la
32、ter. Effects DThe application of steam power to the industrial processes of printing supported a massive expansion of newspaper and popular book publishing, which reinforced rising literacy and demands for mass political participation. Universal white male suffrage(参政权 )was adopted in the United Sta
33、tes, resulting in the election of the popular General Andrew Jackson in 1828 and the creation of political parties organized for mass participation in elections. In the United Kingdom, the Reform Act 1832 addressed the concentration of population in districts with almost no representation in Parliam
34、ent, expanding the electorate(选区 ), leading to the founding of modern political parties and initiating a series of reforms which would continue into the 20th century. In France, the July Revolution widened the franchise(公民权 )and established a constitutional monarchy. Belgium established its independ
35、ence from the Netherlands, as a constitutional monarchy, in 1830. Struggles for liberal reforms in Switzerlands various cantons(州 )in the 1830s had mixed results. A further series of attempts at political reform or revolution would sweep Europe in 1848, with mixed results, and initiated massive migr
36、ation to North America, as well as parts of South America, South Africa, and Australia. Textile Manufacture EIn the early 18th century, British textile manufacture was based on wool which was processed by individual artisans(工匠 ), doing the spinning and weaving on their own premises. This system is
37、called a cottage industry. Flax(亚麻 )and cotton were also used for fine materials, but the processing was difficult because of the pre-processing needed, and thus goods in these materials made only a small proportion of the output. Use of the spinning wheel and hand loom restricted the production cap
38、acity of the industry, but a number of advances increased productivity to the extent that manufactured cotton goods became the dominant British export by the early decades of the 19th century. India was displaced as the premier supplier of cotton goods. Step by step, individual inventors increased t
39、he efficiency of the individual steps of spinning(carding, twisting and spinning, and subsequently rolling)so that the supply of yarn fed a weaving industry that itself was advancing with improvements to shuttles and the loom or “frame“. The output of an individual labourer increased dramatically, w
40、ith the effect that these new machines were seen as a threat to employment, and early innovators were attacked and their inventions wrecked. The inventors often failed to exploit their inventions, and fell on hard times. FTo capitalize upon these advances, it took a class of entrepreneurs, of which
41、the most famous is Richard Arkwright. He is credited with a list of inventions, but these were actually the products of such as Thomas Highs and John Kay; Arkwright nurtured the inventors, patented the ideas, financed the initiatives, and protected the machines. He created the cotton mill which brou
42、ght the production processes together in a factory, and he developed the use of power first horse power, then water power and finally steam power which made cotton manufacture a mechanised industry. Why Europe? GOne question that has been of active interest to historians is why the Industrial Revolu
43、tion occurred in Europe and not in other parts of the world, particularly China. Numerous factors have been suggested including ecology, government, and culture. Benjamin Elman argues that China was in a high level e-quilibrium(平衡 )trap in which the non-industrial methods were efficient enough to pr
44、event use of industrial methods with high capital costs. HKenneth Pommeranz, in The Great Divergence, argues that Europe and China were remarkably similar in 1700, and that the crucial differences which created the Industrial Revolution in Europe were sources of coal near manufacturing centres and r
45、aw materials such as food and wood from the New World which allowed Europe to economically expand in a way that China could not. Indeed, a combination of all these factors is possible. Why Great Britain? IThe debate around the concept of the initial startup of the Industrial Revolution also concerns
46、 the thirty-to-hundred-year lead the British had over the continental European countries and America. Some have stressed the importance of natural or financial resources the United Kingdom received from its many overseas colonies or that profits from the British slave trade between Africa and the Ca
47、ribbean helped fuel industrial investment. Alternatively, the greater liberalization of trade from a large merchant base may have been able to utilize scientific and technological developments emerging in the UK and elsewhere more effectively than other states with stronger monarchies, such as Russi
48、as Tzars. The UKs extensive exporting cottage industries also ensured markets were already open for many forms of early manufactured goods. The nature of conflict in the period resulted in most British warfare being conducted overseas, reducing the devastating effects of territorial conquest impacti
49、ng much of the rest of Europe. JAnother theory believes that Great Britain was able to succeed in the Industrial Revolution due to its dense population for its small geographical size, and the availability of natural resources like copper, tin and coal, giving excellent conditions for the development and expansion of industry. Furthermore, the stable political situation, in addition to the greater receptiveness of the society(as compared t
