1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 132及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Book Knowledge and Experience. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） He refused to drive her. （
2、 B） He is glad to drive her. （ C） He forgot his driving license. （ D） He has a new car. （ A） She paid by check. （ B） She decided to make the purchase. （ C） She paid by credit card. （ D） She left without paying. （ A） Call a friend. （ B） Work on his car. （ C） Take a taxi. （ D） Walk to work. （ A） They
3、will sail to San Francisco. （ B） They will fly to San Francisco. （ C） They will drive to San Francisco. （ D） They will take a train to San Francisco. （ A） Its not important how he dances. （ B） Its too crowed to dance anyway. （ C） If hes careful, no one will notice. （ D） No one knows the steps to the
4、 dance. （ A） Sailing a boat. （ B） Catching a worm. （ C） Fishing. （ D） Hanging clothes. （ A） She doesnt like the film. （ B） The film is hard to understand. （ C） She saw the film from beginning to end. （ D） She only saw the last part of the film. （ A） We learned that Mary is going to Hawaii. （ B） We l
5、earned that Mary has traveled all over the world. （ C） We learned that Mary like postcards. （ D） We learned that Mary is going on vacation. （ A） A new fuel for buses. （ B） The causes of air pollution. （ C） Careers in environmental engineering. （ D） A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses. （ A） Her
6、 car is being repaired. （ B） Parking is difficult in the city. （ C） The cost of fuel has increased. （ D） She wants to help reduce pollution. （ A） A fuel that burns cleanly. （ B） An oil additive that helps cool engines. （ C） A material from which filters are made. （ D） An insulating material sprayed
7、on engine parts. （ A） The high temperatures required for its use. （ B） The lack of trained environmental engineers. （ C） The opposition of automobile manufacturers. （ D） The high cost of materials used in its production. （ A） It is their religious practice. （ B） It is a way for them to keep cool. （
8、C） It is the fashion way in that area. （ D） It is their national tradition. （ A） People living in dessert do not know black will absorb much heat. （ B） People living in dessert like white rather than black. （ C） People living in dessert like black rather than white. （ D） People living in dessert rea
9、lly know how to keep cool in dessert. （ A） The robes must be made from cotton. （ B） The robes must be in white. （ C） The robes must be loose. （ D） The robes must be in black. Section B （ A） Prelaw students. （ B） A group of students. （ C） The audience. （ D） The faculty. （ A） Having typing skill. （ B）
10、 Having experience in journalism. （ C） To be a qualified student. （ D） Having lots of money. （ A） Two days later. （ B） In a couple of days. （ C） Immediately after the meeting. （ D） Tomorrow. （ A） Because the students have to pass all examinations before entering it. （ B） Because there is no examinat
11、ion before they are accepted as students. （ C） Because there is no gate. （ D） Because it never closes. （ A） Taking the air. （ B） By bus. （ C） On radio and TV. （ D） At the airport. （ A） Three. （ B） Nine. （ C） Five. （ D） Ten. （ A） In half a year. （ B） In four or five years. （ C） In three years. （ D） I
12、n a year. （ A） To help mariners. （ B） To improve ship design and sailing methods. （ C） To study astronomy and mathematics. （ D） To improve his own skill as a sailor. （ A） To design vessels that could make long deep-sea voyages. （ B） To design vessels that could travel faster than those in use at tha
13、t time. （ C） To design vessels that could explore the coastline of Portugal. （ D） To design vessels that could carry larger crews and more cargo than existing ones. （ A） The First Modern Sailing Vessels. （ B） Prince Henry. （ C） Prince Henrys Role in History. （ D） The First School for Sailors. Sectio
14、n C 26 For centuries, farmers have used windmills to pump water, crush grain and perform other tasks. Today, farmers can earn money with high-powered wind turbines that produce【 B1】 _Wind power has become big business, especially in Europe. In the United States, less than one percent of electricity
15、is produced from wind energy. But production【 B2】 _160% between 2000 and 2005. So says Keith Collins, the chief【 B3】 _at the Department of Agriculture, in a【 B4】 _he prepared for a Senate committee last month. Farmers and【 B5】 _are providing land to turbine owners or, in some cases, owning the【 B6】
16、_themselves. Mister Collins says one reason for the increase is high prices for natural gas. Another is a federal tax credit for wind production. The production tax credit for【 B7】_forms of energy was supposed to end this December. Other reasons for the expansion include improved turbine technology
17、and lower production costs. They also include policies that【 B8】 _for wind power producers to sell their electricity. California is the leading state for wind power. But Mister Collins says production is also growing in Minnesota and other Midwestern states. And he says many states in the West and M
18、idwest have【 B9】 _to produce much more wind power. Wind power offers farmers a way to earn money for use of their land. Wind is free, of course. Not only that, the land under the turbines can usually be farmed. And farmers may be able to【 B10】 _by charging visitors to see their wind farm. 27 【 B1】 2
19、8 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 There are a great many books, web sites, and training【 C1】 _today more or less dedicated to the idea that being bored is a major sin, for which the only【 C2】_is to find ways to be busy and productive every
20、waking moment. People who follow this【 C3】 _are constantly on-the-go and feelings of boredom quickly smothered with yet more activities. At work, at home, at play, each【 C4】 _must be filled with things to ward off the slightest possibility of being bored. As a society, were over-stimulated to the po
21、int of mania, like hyper-excited children in those few moments at a party before it all goes wrong and everyone starts crying. I suspect the rise in ADHD isnt only【 C5】 _to eating strange chemicals in the diet; were training ourselves to require continual distraction, reducing our attention-span to
22、less than a few seconds before were bored again. It used to be only teenagers who【 C6】 _. “Im so bored!“ Now almost everyone acts as if not having something truly exciting to do every moment is either the first sign of senility or much wore positive proof that they, and their【 C7】 _are gone, past it
23、, over the hill, on the way towards oblivion. Yet boredom is, in reality, crucial to any ability to be truly productive, let【 C8】_effective. If youre flat-out busy and engaged all the time, you may feel important, but the reality is【 C9】 _. Its those who are constantly【 C10】 _with activities that ar
24、e most likely to be headed towards a nasty let-down. A)alone B)careers C)courses D)cure E)different F)dissatisfied G)distracted H)due I)felt J)idea K)moment L)sighed M)thanks N)time O)way 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Dont Was
25、te Our Oceans A)For too long, marine life has been largely open for the taking by anyone possessing the means to exploit it. Rapid advances in technology have meant that the ability, reach and power of vessels and equipment used to exploit marine life now far outweigh natures ability to maintain it.
26、 If left unchecked, this will have far reaching consequences for the marine environment and for people who depend on it. Ocean life comes in an incredible array of shapes and sizes from microscopic plankton to the largest of the great whales. Yet many species have been, or are being, driven towards
27、extinction through devastating human impacts. The key threats facing our ocean creatures include: Industrial Fishing B)Many marine ecologists think that the biggest single threat to marine ecosystems today is overfishing. Our appetite for fish is exceeding the oceans ecological limits with devastati
28、ng impacts on marine ecosystems. Scientists are warning that overfishing results in profound changes in our oceans, perhaps changing them forever. Not to mention our dinner plates, which in future may only feature fish and chips as a rare and expensive delicacy. The fish dont stand a chance C)More o
29、ften than not, the fishing industry is given access to fish stocks before the impact of their fishing can be assessed, and regulation of the fishing industry is, in any case, woefully inadequate. The reality of modern fishing is that the industry is dominated by fishing vessels that far out-match na
30、tures ability to replenish fish. Giant ships using state-of-the-art fish-finding sonar can pinpoint schools offish quickly and accurately. The ships are fitted out like giant floating factories containing fish processing and packing plants, huge freezing systems, and powerful engines to drag enormou
31、s fishing gear through the ocean. Put simply: the fish dont stand a chance. Ocean life health check D)Population of top predators, a key indicator of ecosystem health, are disappearing at a frightening rate, and 90 percent of the large fish that many of us love to eat, such as tuna, swordfish, marli
32、n, cod, halibut, skate, and flounder have been fished out since large-scale industrial fishing began in the 1950s. The depletion of these top predator species can cause a shift in entire oceans ecosystems where commercially valuable fish are replaced by smaller, plankton-feeding fish. This century m
33、ay even see bumper crops of jellyfish replacing the fish consumed by humans. These changes endanger the structure and functioning of marine ecosystems, and hence threaten the livelihoods of those dependent on the oceans, both now and in the future. Fisheries collapse E)The over-exploitation and mism
34、anagement of fisheries has already led to some spectacular fisheries collapses. The cod fishery off Newfoundland, Canada collapsed in 1992, leading to the loss of some 40,000 jobs in the industry. The cod stocks in the North Sea and Baltic Sea are now heading the same way and are close to complete c
35、ollapse. Instead of trying to find a long-term solution to these problems, the fishing industrys eyes are turning towards the Pacific but this is not the answer. Politicians continue to ignore the advice of scientists about how these fisheries should be managed and the need to fish these threatened
36、species in a sustainable way. Bycatch F)Many fisheries catch fish other than the ones that they target and in many cases these are simply thrown dead or dying back into the sea. In some trawl fisheries for shrimp, the discard may be 90 percent of the catch. Other fisheries kill seabirds, turtles and
37、 dolphins, sometimes in huge numbers. G)Estimates vary as to how serious a problem bycatch is. Latest reports suggest that around eight percent of the total global catch is discarded, but previous estimates indicated that around a quarter of which might be thrown overboard. Simply no one knows how m
38、uch of a problem this really is. The incidental capture, or bycatch, of mammals, seabirds, turtles, sharks and numerous other species is recognized to be a major problem in many parts of the world. This figure includes non-target species as well as targeted fish species that cannot be landed because
39、 they are, for instance, undersized. In short, anywhere between 6.8 million and 27 million tones offish could be discarded each year, reflecting the huge uncertainties in the data on this important issue. H)The scale of this mortality is such that bycatch in some fisheries may affect the structure a
40、nd function of marine systems at the population, community and ecosystem levels. Bycatch is widely recognized as one of the most serious environmental impacts of modern commercial fisheries. The victims I)Different types of fishing practices result in different animal species being killed as bycatch
41、: nets kill dolphins, porpoises and whales, longline fishing kills birds, and bottom trawling devastates marine ecosystems. J)It has been estimated that a staggering 100 million sharks and rays are caught and discarded each year. Tuna fisheries, which in the past had high dolphin bycatch levels, are
42、 still responsible for the death of many sharks. An estimated 300,000 cetaceans(whales, dolphins and porpoises)also die as bycatch each year, because they are unable to escape when caught in nets. Birds dive for the bait planted on long fishing lines, swallow it(hook included)and are pulled underwat
43、er and drowned. Around 100,000 albatrosses are killed by longline fisheries every year and because of this, many species are facing extinction. K)Bottom trawling is a destructive way of “strip-mining“ the ocean floor, harvesting the species that live there. As well as the target fish species, this a
44、lso results in bycatch of commercially unattractive animals like starfish and sponges. A single pass of a trawl removes up to 20 percent of the seafloor fauna and flora. The fisheries with the highest levels of bycatch are shrimp fisheries: over 80 percent of a catch may consist of marine species ot
45、her than the shrimp being targeted. Technology L)Many technical fixes exist to reduce bycatch. Turtle exclusion devices are used in some shrimp fisheries to avoid killing turtle species. In the case of longline fisheries, the process of setting the hooks can be changed and bird-scaring devices emplo
46、yed which radically cut the numbers of birds killed. To avoid dolphins being caught in nets, other devices can be used. Pingers are small sound-emitting and dolphin-deterring devices that are attached to nets, but they are not always effective. Escape hatches(consisting of a widely spaced metal grid
47、, which forces the cetacean up and out of the net)have also been used. M)Although these devices may have a role to play, they cannot address the whole problem. Such devices need continual monitoring to check how well they work and assess any potential negative effects they may have. Realistically th
48、ey will probably only be used in areas with well-developed fishery management and enforcement agencies. N)On a global level, probably the only effective way to address the problems of bycatch is to control fishing effort. This will be best achieved through the creation of marine reserves. Nonetheles
49、s, in the case of highly mobile species such as seabirds and cetaceans, the only effective way of preventing bycatch is to discontinue the use of particularly damaging fishing methods. Defending Our Oceans O)Fundamental changes need to be made in the way our oceans are managed. This means that we must act to make sure that human activities are sustainable, in other words that they meet human needs of current and future generations without causing
