1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 137及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled How to Protect Privacy on Internet. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） She should have gotte
2、n a better score. （ B） She may need to take another course. （ C） The math course is too short. （ D） The graduation date has been changed. （ A） She doesnt want to attend the conference. （ B） She wonders whether the professor is an accountant. （ C） She doubts class will be cancelled. （ D） She doesnt l
3、ike the professor very much. （ A） Both encyclopedias and dictionaries are interesting. （ B） Dictionaries are most useful than encyclopedias. （ C） She uses a variety of encyclopedias. （ D） She uses encyclopedias more often than dictionaries. （ A） Shes annoyed he didnt find the magazine. （ B） Shell lo
4、ok for the magazine another day. （ C） She appreciates his looking for the magazine. （ D） Shes grateful that he got her the magazine. （ A） To try out for the volleyball team. （ B） Not to worry about what people think. （ C） To get them tickets to the volleyball game. （ D） To spend more time on her stu
5、dies. （ A） Sams knee should be better by now. （ B） This isnt a good time for Sam to quit. （ C） The news about Sam is quite a surprise. （ D） Sam should have stopped playing earlier. （ A） Shes happy that the student center is getting more computers. （ B） Shell let the man use her computer. （ C） She ho
6、pes to take a statistics course soon. （ D） Shed like to buy a computer. （ A） He is a diligent student. （ B） He is extremely lazy. （ C） He is usually late for appointments. （ D） He is usually very punctual. （ A） To find out if he has the flu. （ B） To find out how to maintain a nutritious diet. （ C） T
7、o find out how to prevent illness. （ D） To find out the results of a blood test. （ A） He gets ill at the same time every year. （ B） He doesnt get enough exercise. （ C） He often has difficulty in sleeping. （ D） Hes sick with influenza throughout the winter. （ A） Hes unwilling to be immunized. （ B） He
8、 doesnt get enough rest. （ C） He forgets to take his medicine. （ D） He doesnt dress warmly enough. （ A） Physical examination are given free there. （ B） He can get an influenza vaccination there. （ C） Hell be able to get a presentation for medication there. （ D） Hell find literature on nutrition ther
9、e. （ A） How to avoid being suffered from heat stoke. （ B） How to finish ones PhD thesis. （ C） How the pigs cool themselves. （ D） How to stay clean without being muddy in summer. （ A） They have suffered from heat stroke. （ B） They are hungry and feel furious. （ C） They are crazy for dirt. （ D） They w
10、ant to keep cool. （ A） They just stay in the room and turn on the air conditioner. （ B） They eat cool food. （ C） They roll into a kind of special mud. （ D） They need to sweat to keep cool. Section B （ A） Because they cant afford to. （ B） Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live i
11、n. （ C） Because big houses are usually built in the countryside. （ D） Because they prefer apartments. （ A） In apartment. （ B） In motel. （ C） In the downtown. （ D） In the area where houses are cheaper. （ A） Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments. （ B） Because many old houses
12、 in the bad part of the town are not inhabited. （ C） Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave. （ D） Because many people have quit their old houses to build new ones. （ A） They have to do their own maintenance. （ B） They have to furnish their own houses. （ C） They will f
13、ind it difficult to make the rest of the payment. （ D） They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture. （ A） They cure patients by using traditional medicine. （ B） Their treatments are often successful. （ C） They cure patients both physically and mentally. （ D） They are usually m
14、ore patient than modern physicians. （ A） The anger of a relative, friend or enemy. （ B） The stone hidden inside the patients throat, arm, leg, stomach, etc. （ C） The attack from neighboring enemies. （ D） The diseases that enter the body of a person. （ A） They are scientific. （ B） They are too compli
15、cated. （ C） They should be banned. （ D） They are not truthful, but effective. （ A） American farmers travels from a village to his fields each morning. （ B） American fanners have more money. （ C） Each American farmer family lives quite far from any neighbors. （ D） American farmers dont like to leave
16、their fields. （ A） City life is much the same in many parts of the world. （ B） In the United States, farm families live on their own farms. （ C） In many parts of the world, farmers live in villages. （ D） Farmer families in the United States have more children than families in the city. （ A） Only thr
17、ee days. （ B） Saturday and Sunday. （ C） Only one day. （ D） Throughout the week. Section C 26 On the outside they might put on a brave face, hit the pub and talk even more about football. But a study has found that,【 B1】 _popular belief, when a relationship is in trouble it is men who suffer the most
18、. Romantic ups and downs【 B2】 _have a greater effect on the mental health of young men than women. While women are more likely to display their【 B3】 _to friends, men are more likely to store up their feelings with negative health effects including making them more likely to drink【 B4】 _. Professor R
19、obin Simon, who led the study, admitted she was shocked that the results【 B5】 _the widespread assumption that women are more【 B6】 _to the emotional turn of relationships. “ Surprisingly, we found young men are more【 B7】_to the quality of ongoing relationships,“ she said. That means mens【 B8】_is more
20、 affected by the harmful stress of a rocky relationship. The researchers also found that men get greater【 B9】 _benefits from the positive aspects of an ongoing romance. Professor Simon, of Wake Forest University in the U.S., said the findings could be down to the fact that young men often have few p
21、eople in whom they confide apart from their【 B10】 _. Whereas women are more likely to have close relationships with family and friends. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 An explosion had thrown radioman Harley Olson out of bed. He
22、 worked wildly, trying to【 C1】 _an SOS. But the power was gone. Harley ran on deck. The crew was【 C2】 _into lifeboats. There was no room for him. He had no choice but to jump into the black water and start to swim. Suddenly, in the darkness, his fingers hit something hard. It was a life raft. Climbi
23、ng【 C3】 _. Harley called out again and again. But no one answered. Soon his first feeling of【 C4】 _left him. In one way he was lucky. The raft had enough food and water for 15 men for several weeks. At daybreak, Harley saw some little boxes【 C5】 _by. He fished one out of the sea. Chewing gum. Quickl
24、y, he【 C6】 _in 20 small cartons. In the afternoon, Harley【 C7】 _another raft he tied it to his own. Later, a third raft bobbed up. And then a mattress floated by him in the wreckage. Harley could hardly believe his eyes. Here was the start of a bed room. He tugged the mattress aboard. Using boxes, h
25、e made himself a bed. With a blanket, he made a【 C8】 _from the hot sun. the next morning, he ate like a king. The sea was always peaceful. Every day was like a vacation. When the sun got hot, the carefree sailor took a swim, after that, he enjoyed a sunbath. Each evening, before going to bed, he wen
26、t for a walk on the two rafts floating behind. Harley Olson was【 C9】 _with his Kingdom on the sea. The【 C10】 _trip lasted 28 days. A)pleasure B)hauled C)radio D)launch E)scrambling F)sight G)panic H)dimension I)aboard J)floating K)intensively L)spotted M)superior N)delighted O)shade 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2
27、】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 HIV 60 to 70% of those are in Sub-Saharan Africa. But the disease is spreading in every region, with fierce epidemics threatening to tear through countries such as India, China, Russia and the islands of the Cari
28、bbean. The statistics are sobering in some Southern African towns 44% of pregnant women are HIV positive, in Botswana 37% of people carry the virus. C)The human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)is a retrovirus a virus built of RNA instead of more typical DNA. It attacks the very cells of the immune system
29、 that should be protecting the body against it T lymphocytes and other white blood cells with CD4 receptors on their surfaces. The virus uses the CD4 receptor to bind with and thereby enter the lymphocyte. HIV then integrates itself into the cells own DNA, turning the cell into a virus-generating fa
30、ctory. The new viruses break free, destroying the cell, then move on to attack other lymphocytes. D)HIV kills by slowly destroying the immune system. Several weeks after initial infection, flu-like symptoms are experienced. Then the immune system kicks-in, and the virus mostly retreats into hiding w
31、ithin lymph tissues. The untreated, infected individual usually remains healthy for 5 to 15 years, but the virus continues to replicate in the background, slowly obliterating the immune system. Eventually the body is unable to defend itself and succumbs to overwhelming opportunistic infections that
32、rarely affect healthy people. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(AIDS)is the name given to this final stage of HIV infection, and is characterized by multiple, life-threatening illnesses such is weight loss, chronic diarrheoa, rare cancers, pneumonia, fungal conditions and infections of the brain a
33、nd eye. Tuberculosis has become especially prevalent in AIDS victims. E)Genetic analyses hint that ancestral primate HIV may have been born a million years ago when a chimpanzee virus hybridized(杂交 )with a related monkey variety. However researchers believe it was not until the 1930s that this jumpe
34、d to humans eating chimp meat in Central Africa. That variety became HIV-1 the most widespread type. A second type, HIV-2, restricted to West Africa, was probably contracted in the 1960s from monkey meat. Another theory was that the AIDS pandemic was accidentally started by doctors testing a polio v
35、accine in the 1950s detailed in Edward Hoopers book The River but this has been severely criticized by other researchers. F)AIDS must have been circulating in the US and Africa during the 1970s. But it was not recognized until 1981 when young gay men and injecting drug users, in New York and Califor
36、nia, started to be diagnosed with both an unusual skin cancer called Kaposis sarcoma, and lethal pneumonias. By the end of that year 121 people in the US had died that number would rise to 17,000 over the next six years. Government scientists predicted that the mysterious immune-debilitating illness
37、 was due to an infectious agent. In 1984 that agent was identified as HIV by Luc Montagnier of the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France, and Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute in Washington DC, US. G)Soon after the appearance of AIDS in the US, the disease was detected in Europe too and epi
38、demics affecting heterosexual men and women sprang up at an alarming rate in Sub-Saharan Africa. Today one in five people in that region are living with the virus. AIDS epidemics also threaten to devastate the worlds most populous nations India and China if action is not taken to bring them under co
39、ntrol. H)HIV is found in body fluids such as: blood, semen, vaginal fluids and breast milk. It can be passed on through sharing contaminated needles when injecting street drugs or in hospitals. It can also be transmitted from a mother to her baby during pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding though
40、many children escape infection. HIV cannot be passed on through kissing, coughing, mosquito bites or touching. I)Health authorities are focusing on prevention as a key method to limit the spread of the epidemic. Educational programs preach abstinence from sex, monogamy and safer sex using condoms, a
41、s ways to protect against infection. Many countries give away free condoms and offer needle exchange programs to try and limit transmission among injecting drug users. Microbicides in the form of creams that prevent transmission of HIV may soon offer another method of protection. J)A vaccine, as an
42、alternative method to prevent HIV infection, may still be many years away. This is partly because the virus mutates so rapidly. A vaccine may not only have to prime antibodies to attack the virus(the way most vaccines work)but might also need to increase T-cell production. Vaccine trial; have been u
43、ndertaken in South Africa, Kenya, the US and Thailand though most have yet to yield promising results. Controversial vaccines made from the blood of HIV carriers, have been tested is Nigeria and Thailand. K)There is no cure for AIDS, but a range of drugs some of which have unpleasant side-effects ar
44、e available to slow its progress. Other drugs are used to treat opportunistic infections or AIDS symptoms. Even some herbal treatments have been investigated. Most anti-HIV drugs aim at stalling viral replication. Nucleoside analogues such as AZT(zidovudine)and also non-nucleoside reverse transcript
45、ase inhibitors(NNRTIs)(非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂 ), attack the action of the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase. This prevents it from creating functional DNA which would otherwise integrate into the DNA of infected cells. L)A third class block protease, an enzyme essential for generating functional virus particl
46、es. Protease inhibitors are the most effective of the three types of drugs, and AIDS mortality fell dramatically in the US when they were first licensed during the late 1990s. Fusion inhibitors are a newer type of drug that work by stopping HIV from binding with CD4 receptors that it uses to enter c
47、ells. Drugs that block another enzyme, integrase(整合酶 ), are also under development. M)AIDS drugs are often administered in combination cocktails of three or more kinds simultaneously, as this helps slow the rate at which HIV develops resistance to drugs. But the virus is able to evolve rapidly and c
48、an eventually outpace the drugs if treatment regimens are not followed rigorously. Though drugs are widely available in Western countries, their expense means they are unavailable to the vast majority of AIDS sufferers. International bodies are working towards widening access to treatment in the dev
49、eloping world. Some companies in countries such as India and Thailand are now producing cheap generic copies of drugs. N)The economic and social burden of AIDS exerts a great toll on developing nations in addition to that exerted by mortality itself. AIDS is hindering development and leading to negative population growth in some of the most seriously affected nations, such as Botswana. O)This excessive AIDS mortality is cau
