1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 143及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on Mark Twains remark “I can live for two months on a good compliment. “ You can cite examples to illustrate your point of view. You should write at least 150 words but n
2、o more than 200 words. Section A （ A） Her doctor told her that she had gotten depression. （ B） She lost her favorite phone. （ C） No one knows where she is now. （ D） She has some health problems. （ A） His major. （ B） His interest. （ C） His communication skills. （ D） His job experience. （ A） It is hel
3、d by the city museum. （ B） There is an age limit for the participants. （ C） Everyone can send only one painting. （ D） The organizer will hold an exhibit. （ A） The man should begin to study. （ B） The man might have left it at school. （ C） Jane could have taken it by mistake. （ D） Jane has already ret
4、urned it for him. （ A） She didnt like the opening ceremony. （ B） She didnt plan to go to the supermarket. （ C） She didnt know the photo was sent online. （ D） She didnt go early enough to get in. （ A） He is too ill to go on working. （ B） He doesnt want to trouble the woman. （ C） He feels like taking
5、a break. （ D） He has already finished his report. （ A） She doesnt enjoy political programs. （ B） She didnt feel comfortable at that time. （ C） She had to take care of her daughter. （ D） She had to let her child pick the channel. （ A） Buy tennis shoes and tennis rackets. （ B） Find where the toys are
6、sold. （ C） Take the elevator to go upstairs. （ D） Get enrolled in a tennis training course. （ A） Because her grandfather is ill. （ B） Because her uncle will visit her. （ C） Because she has too much pressure at work. （ D） Because the auditors found some of her mistakes. （ A） She must wait till the au
7、ditors leave. （ B） She must choose a new director. （ C） She must keep in touch with her colleagues. （ D） She must report her whereabouts from time to time. （ A） Driving her to Boston. （ B） Booking a flight ticket for her. （ C） Asking a friend to accompany her. （ D） Introducing her a prestigious doct
8、or. （ A） Because they share the same apartment. （ B） Because she likes the one he has bought. （ C） Because he has some knowledge on furniture. （ D） Because he is well-known for his wisdom. （ A） The considerable amount of money spent on it. （ B） The majority of time spent on and around it. （ C） The u
9、navoidable area it takes in a room. （ D） The significant impact it has on the atmosphere. （ A） The location. （ B） The function. （ C） The size. （ D） The cost. （ A） It should be eye-catching. （ B） It should match that of the room. （ C） It should fit the womans taste. （ D） It should be as common as pos
10、sible. Section B （ A） Some tissues are more vulnerable to cancer. （ B） Most types of cancers have been caused by unhealthy lifestyle. （ C） Some of the cancers have no specific causes. （ D） Smoking is a major risk factor for cancer. （ A） Other types of diseases are closely linked to peoples habits. （
11、 B） Healthy lifestyle can surely lower the risk of getting certain types of cancers. （ C） People should make wise choices of everything. （ D） There is scientific evidence of the function of healthy lifestyle. （ A） Early detection should be attached much importance to. （ B） Its unrealistic to prevent
12、 people from cancer. （ C） More resources should be put in the treatment of cancer. （ D） All types of cancers can be cured at their early stages. （ A） They help employers contact the employees. （ B） They save employees money on gadgets. （ C） They allow employees family to enjoy the equipment. （ D） Th
13、ey reduce employees total working hours. （ A） The previous surveys. （ B） Experiments. （ C） Employees complaints. （ D） Researchers observations. （ A） Most employees can separate their private life from work. （ B） Modern technology may lead to more work-family conflict. （ C） Modern workers are likely
14、to work extra hours without payment. （ D） Employees are eager to meet their employers expectations. （ A） Giving employees more flexibility. （ B） Showing more concerns to employees wellbeing. （ C） Improving the cooperation among employees. （ D） Making the use of technologies more wisely. （ A） Studyin
15、g the previous data. （ B） Questioning the subjects. （ C） Observing peoples behavior. （ D） Seeking online feedbacks. （ A） People can still feel the pain and misery. （ B） People begin to be longing for companions. （ C） People can develop coping strategies. （ D） People realize their partners good virtu
16、es. （ A） Its usually more complicated when kids are involved. （ B） The process of divorce adds more pains to people. （ C） The sense of relief can only be reached after sadness wears off. （ D） Marriage is usually a more serious commitment. Section C 26 Landlocked Bolivia has much to offer travelers,
17、from the wildlife-rich Amazon rainforest to treks in the Andes Mountains. One of its lesser known highlights, however, is a【 B1】 _4x4 journey through the high plains in Bolivias desert southwest, close to the border with Chile. Over three days, travelers can take in spectacular and other worldly des
18、ert【 B2】 _. The jewel is the worlds largest salt flatSalar de Uyuni. It covers an area【 B3】 _listed at 10,582 square kilometers or 4,086 square miles, though NASAs Visible Earth【 B4】_lists the size as approximately 8,000 kilometers or 3,100 square miles. Its bewildering and vastmiles of blinding whi
19、te salt crust stretch【 B5】 _. Standing atop that crust feels like being on the surface of another planet. A number of tour operators offer guided 4x4 trips, which typically include transport in Land Cruisers, drivers and accommodation in hotels【 B6】 _salt. Most visitors start the trip from Bolivias
20、unlovely, dusty town of Uyuni and【 B7】 _San Pedro de Atacama, just over the border in Chile. For smaller crowds and the chance to see the salt flat at down, its better to start in Chile and end in Bolivia. Whichever way you do it, its an【 B8】 _trip through one of the most unique landscapes in the wo
21、rld. Planning to【 B9】 _there? Cordillera Traveler offers three-day and four-day one-way or round-trip 4x4 trips through Bolivias southwest desert and salt flat starting either in San Pedro de Atacama in Chile or Uyuni in Bolivia. Prices start at $185 per person and include meals and【 B10】 _. 27 【 B1
22、】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 Until recently, the medical community believed that most hearing loss was caused by hear cells in the ear degrading as we age. But evidence is emerging that sound levels at sporting events, concerts, nig
23、htclubs and on personal devices can cause lasting damage to the connections between hear cells in the ear and the nerves that【 C1】 _sounds to the brain. Over 1. 1 billion teenagers and young adults worldwide could be at risk of hearing loss as a result of【 C2】 _to unsafe levels of recreational noise
24、, according to a recent World Health Organization report. To make matters worse, this kind of hearing loss doesnt show up on【 C3】 _tests. Researchers are calling it a hidden epidemic. “ We think this problem is【 C4】 _prevalent, but its difficult to measure because the tools we have available today a
25、re not sensitive enough,“ says Konstantina Stankovic, an auditory neuroscientist and surgeon at Massachusetts Eye and Ear, and Harvard Medical School, in Boston. Stankovic is now working with colleagues at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne to develop imaging【 C5】 _that would allo
26、w us to see this kind of neural damage in living brains. This could help with early diagnosis. Others are developing drugs that could help【 C6】 _the connections between the ear and the brain. To properly【 C7】 _our ears, loud noises should be banned in many public places just as smoking is now, says
27、Stankovic. Some countries have laws in place to protect【 C8】 _in bars and clubs by monitoring noise levels. Last year, Minneapolis City Council made it【 C9】 _for bars and clubs to offer free ear buds to patrons. Stankovic thinks more will need to be done to change【 C10】_accepted norms around recreat
28、ional noise. “ I think it will require a public health effort similar to the efforts for limiting smoking, because of the peer pressure associated with loud music and noisy environments,“ she says. A)compulsory B)condense C)exposure D)incredibly E)independently F)protection G)restore H)safeguard I)s
29、ocially J)standard K)techniques L)transmit M)treat N)uneasy O)workers 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Its Time to Pay Attention to Sleep, the New Health Frontier AYour doctor could soon be prescribing crucial sleep as treatment
30、for everything from obesity to mental health as experts say carving out time for sleep is just as important as diet and exercise. BAfter being diagnosed with brain and lung cancer in 2011, Lynn Mitchell, 68, was averaging about an hour of solid sleep a night. Stressed about her treatments, she was p
31、aying for it in hours of lost sleep. The brain cancer was already affecting her mobilityMitchell was often dizzy and would lose her balancebut the lack of sleep was making things worse. Even walking became increasingly difficult. Exhausted in the mornings, she was practically incoherent. When her do
32、ctors recommended she see a sleep therapist, Mitchell was relieved at how benign it sounded in comparison to the chemotherapy(化疗 )she had undergone, which had side effects like nausea and fatigue. CFor about nine weeks, Mitchell worked with the sleep therapist to adjust her sleep habits. She got und
33、er the covers only when she was extremely tired. She quit watching TV in bed. She stopped drinking caffeinated coffee in the evening. She also learned breathing exercises to relax and help her drift off. It was all quite simple and common sense, and, most importantly, noninvasive and didnt require p
34、opping any pills. D“ Its common knowledge that sleep is needed for day-to-day function,“ says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine. “ What isnt common knowledge is that it really mattersits not just cosmetic. “ Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep
35、therapy because theyre chronically tired or suffering from insomnia(失眠 ), but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health. EResearchers have known for some time that sleep is critical for weight maintenance and hormone balance.
36、And too little sleep is linked to everything from diabetes to heart disease to depression. Recently, the research on sleep has been overwhelming, with mounting evidence that it plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a childs behavioral problems at school could be ro
37、oted in mild sleep apnea(睡眠呼吸中止症 ). And studies have shown children with ADHD(注意力缺损多动障碍 )are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study out this week shows sleep is e
38、ssential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen, a pioneer of sleep research at the University of Chicago, once said, “ If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary pr
39、ocess ever made. “ FBut to many of us, sleep is easily sacrificed, especially since lack of it isnt seen as life threatening. Over time, sleep deprivation can have serious consequences, but we mostly sacrifice a night of sleep here and there, and always say that well “catch up“. Luckily, it is possi
40、ble to make up for sleep debt(though it can take a very long time), but most Americans are still chronically sleep deprived. GWhile diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be jus
41、t as important for overall health. “ Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise,“ says Dr. Michael Grandner, a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. “It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day. “ And while theres more evidence li
42、nking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function, Grandner says. “ Among a small group of sleep researchers, its always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health,“ says Dr. Rapoport. HIn o
43、ur increasingly professional and digital lives, where there are now more things than ever competing for the hours in our day, carving out time for sleep is not only increasingly difficult, but also more necessary. Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Am
44、ericans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a 2011 National Sleep Foundation survey. “Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and burn the candle at both ends,“ says
45、 Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic. “Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial. “ ITo some, sleep has become a powerful medicine to mental health. Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief
46、 of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness, and peak performance. After passing out a few years ago from exhaustion and cracking a cheekbone(鹳骨 )against her desk, Huffington has become something of a sleep promoter. In a 2010 TED Women conference, H
47、uffington said, “The way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep. “ Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing: a 2013 study found that treating depressed patients for insomnia can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder.
48、 JWhile 70% of physicians agree that inadequate sleep is a major health problem, only 43% counsel their patients on the benefits of adequate sleep. But theres growing pressure on primary care physicians to address, and even prescribe, sleep during routine check-ups. In a recent study published in th
49、e journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, the researchers concluded that health professionals should prescribe sleep to prevent and treat metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes. And overlooking sleep as a major health issue can also have deadly consequences. It was recently reported that the operator of the Metro-North train that derailed in New York last year, killing four people and injuring more than 70
