1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 166及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled The Value of University life. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） To try something different.
2、 （ B） To travel and meet people. （ C） To learn different culture. （ D） To save money. （ A） Its not safe for them. （ B） Everyone respect them. （ C） They are easier to find partners. （ D） They only hitchhike in Britain. （ A） By travelling with a woman. （ B） By waiting in a queue. （ C） By meeting diffe
3、rent people. （ D） By giving others a hand. （ A） Just hold out ones hands. （ B） Put ones thumb upwards. （ C） Have a sign with big letters on it. （ D） Bring no luggage and be alone. （ A） He keeps forgetting the important things he has to do. （ B） He has great difficulty remembering Korean words. （ C）
4、He cant find the most helpful Korean dictionary. （ D） His pronunciation of Korean words confuses others. （ A） His poor memory. （ B） His fatigue. （ C） His lack of diligence. （ D） His method. （ A） Because theyre quite impressive with a strong effect. （ B） Because they are not so frustrating as other e
5、xpressions. （ C） Because they are practiced and repeated once and again. （ D） Because they are most peoples favorite words. （ A） Try to retain as many new words as possible. （ B） Practice words at appropriate intervals. （ C） Learn difficult words with the highest frequencies. （ D） Make complicated w
6、ords simply through repetition. Section B （ A） Postponement. （ B） Preparation. （ C） Confidence. （ D） Information. （ A） The day before presentation. （ B） Before youre given the assignment. （ C） Right after accepting the assignment. （ D） When youre already on the stage. （ A） It catches every audiences
7、 attention. （ B） It makes the audience daydreamers. （ C） It determines listeners understanding level. （ D） It helps the speakers to organize ideas. （ A） It happened in the night. （ B） There was no survivor. （ C） A lorry collided with a coach. （ D） The collision was caused by fog. （ A） Workers long w
8、orking hours. （ B） Workers poor working conditions. （ C） The low rate of inflation. （ D） The high level of unemployment. （ A） It ended soon when the bus drivers demand was satisfied. （ B） It would continue despite offer for wage increase. （ C） It wouldnt end until next Monday. （ D） It failed for bot
9、h sides couldnt reach an agreement. （ A） It burned out 6 towns. （ B） 4 people lost their lives so far. （ C） 24 people were injured. （ D） About 300,000 houses were burnt down. Section C （ A） Because schools and businesses are changing rapidly. （ B） Because international students are now much more mob
10、ile. （ C） Because many new tests have been developed worldwide. （ D） Because English is used increasingly as a common language. （ A） The tests have been standardized. （ B） The tests are taken via computers. （ C） The tests are about language speaking. （ D） The tests are now more difficult. （ A） Try t
11、o make sure that all the test-takers are happy in the tests. （ B） Design the items in a way that they test real-world proficiency. （ C） Hire people with intercultural communication backgrounds. （ D） Review items about intercultural communication in the tests. （ A） Artificial texts. （ B） Specific tex
12、ts. （ C） Authentic texts. （ D） Designed texts. （ A） Because they wanted to be closer to the government. （ B） Because Tokyo was the historical commercial capital. （ C） Because the population was growing rapidly in Tokyo. （ D） Because Japans economy was growing at that time. （ A） The cost of the two h
13、undred items. （ B） The economic growth last year. （ C） The population of the cities. （ D） The fluctuations of the currencies. （ A） All European cities would drop in the rankings. （ B） US cities would experience dramatic change in rankings. （ C） It would become more costly to live in all US cities. （
14、 D） The power of the US cities would be strengthened. （ A） They were loaded onto the computer with a disk. （ B） They were small in size but still very expensive. （ C） They could not be used without the Internet. （ D） They functioned as a business tool and a studio. （ A） All of them are big but cheap
15、. （ B） They are available on the Internet. （ C） We can buy them from a store. （ D） It takes hours to download them. （ A） The new generation of phones and gaming systems. （ B） The emergence of new platforms and marketplaces. （ C） The small and collectible size of the applications. （ D） The applicatio
16、n of browsers and social networks. Section A 26 Ten years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where hes a professor. One of Allens main concerns was how these kids dealt with peer pressure, and how deeply they felt the pressure to【 C1】_to
17、 what the crowd was doing. According to every pop theory of【 C2】 _, peer pressure is danger. Being able to resist it should be considered a sign of character strength. But a funny thing happened as Allen continued to follow these kids every year for the next 10 years: the kids who felt more peer pre
18、ssure when they were 12 or 13 were turning out better. Notably, they had much higher-quality relationships with friends, parents, and【 C3】_partners. Their need to fit in, in the early teens, later【 C4】 _itself as a willingness to accommodate a necessary【 C5】 _of all reciprocal relationships. The sel
19、f-conscious kid who spent seventh grade convinced that everyone was watching her and learned to be attuned(与 合拍 )to【 C6】 _changes in others moods. Years down the road, that【 C7】 _sensitivity lead to empathy(移情 )and social adeptness. Meanwhile, those kids who did not feel much peer pressure to smoke,
20、 drink, and【 C8】 _in seventh grade didnt turn out to be the independent-minded stars wed imagine. Instead, what was notable about them was that within five years they had a much lower GPA(grade point average). The kid who could say no to his peers turned out to be less engaged, all around, socially
21、and【 C9】 _ Basically, if he was so detached that he didnt care what his peers thought, he probably wasnt【 C10】 _by what his parents or society expected of him, either. A)adolescence E)morally I)smuggle M)motivated B)trivial F)conform J)academically N)romantic C)component G)subtle K)manifested O)heig
22、htened D)shoplift H)ignited L)nutrient 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Some Suggestions for Pessimists AObesity and smoking may be the most conspicuous causes of illness in this country, but physical factors dont account for eve
23、rything. Your psychology namely, your personality and outlook on life can be just as important to your well-being as exercising and eating right. And especially these days, with the worlds economy tumbling toward a depression, its a good time to prevent yourself from slipping into one too. BAn entir
24、e science has grown up around the risks of negative thinking(as well as the power of positive psychology), and the latest findings confirm that a pessimistic outlook not only fuels anxiety, which can put people at risk for chronic mental illnesses like depression, but may also cause early death and
25、set people up for a number of minor physical illnesses, ranging from the common cold to heart disease and immune disorders. COptimism, meanwhile, is associated with a happier and longer life. Over the course of a recent eight-year study, University of Pittsburgh researchers found that optimistic wom
26、en lived longer than pessimistic ones. Which may be good news for the active people out there, but what about the rest of us who arent always so cheerful? Are we destined for sickness and failure? Or is it possible to master the principles of positivity the same way we might learn a new hobby or fol
27、low a recipe? DThe answer from the experts seems to be yes. But it does take effort. Seeing the sunny side doesnt come easily. Be an “Optimalist“ EMost people would define optimism as being eternally hopeful, endlessly happy, with a glass thats perpetually half full. But thats exactly the kind of fa
28、lse cheerfulness that positive psychologists wouldnt recommend. “Healthy optimism means being in touch with reality,“ says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor who taught the universitys most popular course, Positive Psychology, from 2002 to 2008. “It certainly doesnt mean thinking everything is grea
29、t and wonderful.“ FBen-Shahar, who is the author of Happier and The Pursuit of Perfect, describes realistic optimists as “optimalists“ not those who believe everything happens for the best, but those who make the best of things that happen. GIn his own life, Ben-Shahar uses three optimalist exercise
30、s, which he calls PRP. When he feels down say, after giving a bad lecture he grants himself permission(P)to be human. He reminds himself that not every lecture can be a Nobel winner: some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction(R). He analyses the weak lecture, learning lessons fo
31、r the future about what works and what doesnt. Finally, theres perspective(P), which involves acknowledging that in the grand scheme of life, one lecture really doesnt matter. HStudies suggest that people who are able to focus on the positive aspects of a negative event basically, cope with failure
32、can protect themselves from the physical toll of stress and anxiety. In a recent study at the University of California, San Francisco(UCSF), scientists asked a group of women to give a speech in front of a stone-faced audience of strangers. On the first day, all the participants said they felt threa
33、tened, and they showed fear hormones(荷尔蒙 ). On subsequent days, however, those women who had reported rebounding from a major life crisis in the past no longer felt the same subjective threat over speaking in public. They had learned that this negative event, too, would pass and they would survive.
34、“Its a back door to the same positive state because people are able to tolerate and accept the negative,“ says Elissa Epel, one of the psychologists involved in the study. Accept Pain and Sadness IBeing optimistic doesnt mean shutting out sad or painful emotions. As a clinical psychologist, Martin S
35、eligman, who runs the Positive Psychology Center at the University of Pennsylvania, says he used to feel proud whenever he helped depressed patients rid themselves of sadness, anxiety or anger. “I thought I would get a happy person,“ he says. “But I never did. What I got was an empty person.“ Thats
36、what prompted him to launch the field of positive psychology, with a groundbreaking address to the American Psychological Association in 1998. Instead of focusing only on righting wrongs and lifting misery, he argued, psychologists need to help patients foster good mental health through constructive
37、 skills, like Ben-Shahars PRP. The idea is to teach patients to strengthen their strengths rather than simply improve their weaknesses. “Its not enough to clear away the weeds,“ Seligman says. “If you want roses, you have to plant a rose.“ JWhen a loved one dies or you lose your job, for example, it
38、s normal and healthy to mourn. Youre supposed to feel sad and even depressed. But you cant put yourself in sadness for too long. A study by UCSF researchers of HIV-positive men whose partners had died found that the men who allowed themselves to grieve while also seeking to accept the death were bet
39、ter able to bounce back from the tragedy. Men who focused only on the loss as opposed to, say, viewing the death as a relief of their partners suffering, tended to grieve longer, presumably because they couldnt find a way out of their sadness. Smile in Your Profile Picture KIf all else fails, try “c
40、atching“ happiness from your friends. We are social beings, of course, and our outlook is influenced to no small degree by that of our friends and family. LChristakis and his colleague James Fowler at the University of California, San Diego, are now studying happiness infection in perhaps the larges
41、t social network of all, Facebook. They noticed that people who smiled in their Facebook profile pictures tended to have other friends who smiled. This might simply be peer pressure at work, with members feeling obliged to flash a smile to fit in with the rest of the group, but Christakis and Fowler
42、 are investigating whether there isnt a more infectious phenomenon at work. MIf you still arent convinced that your negative ways can ever be changed, consider this: only about 25% of a persons optimism cannot be changed in his genes, according to some studies. Thats in contrast to the 40% to 60% he
43、ritability(遗传可能性 )of most other personality traits, like agreeableness and conscientiousness. Science suggests that the greater part of an optimistic outlook can be acquired with the right instruction a theory borne out in a study of college freshmen by Seligman. Pessimistic students who took a 12-w
44、eek optimism-training course devised by Seligman which included exercises like writing a letter of gratitude then reading it aloud to someone were less likely to visit the student health center for illnesses during the next four years than their similarly pessimistic peers who werent tutored in posi
45、tive thinking. And a larger study of more than 3,000 middle-school students who are being taught recovery techniques is under way in England. “Its the largest-scale validation(确认 )that optimism can be taught,“ says Seligman, who developed the techniques used in the study. NThe thing about being opti
46、mistic, though, is that it takes hard work and thats a drag. Its an active process, say psychologists, through which you force yourself to see your life a certain way. Indeed, the leading optimism and happiness experts consider themselves born pessimists. But if they have learned over time and with
47、lots of practice to become more hopeful, take heart. So can you. 37 If a loved one just died, it is very natural that you feel sad. 38 Healthy optimism means knowing and accepting the reality. 39 Men who viewed death as a relief could better rebound from the grief. 40 The study that has a sample of
48、3,000 students proves further that optimism can be taught. 41 An author believes that permission, reconstruction and perspective are optimalist exercises. 42 The latest studies found that pessimistic outlook may increase the risk of suffering mental diseases. 43 People who cope with failure well can
49、 perform better in keeping themselves from being anxious. 44 A person can be a leading optimism expert through learning and practice even though he is a born pessimist. 45 Instead of correcting wrongs only, psychologists need to help patients become mentally healthy through some skills. 46 In social network, people who have smiling pictures in profile are likely to have smiling friends perhaps simply due to peer pressure. Section C 46
