1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 169及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Information Security. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1很多人认为信息安全很重要 2有的人认为信息不是实物，
2、所以信息安全无关紧要 3我认为 Section A （ A） He wanted her to apply for another visa. （ B） He hasnt seen her for a long time. （ C） He wanted to tell her the visas been granted. （ D） He was eager to send her the application form. （ A） There are too many people living there. （ B） The cost of living there is relativ
3、ely high. （ C） It has frequent natural disasters. （ D） The weather there is pleasant. （ A） To research the climate. （ B） To visit her relatives. （ C） To get her health insurance. （ D） To finish graduate courses. （ A） Go abroad for study at once. （ B） Celebrate for her granted visa. （ C） Get her heal
4、th certificate. （ D） Apply for another visa. （ A） He had to attend Prof. Smiths lecture. （ B） He had to go to see the dentist. （ C） He had to wait for an emergency call. （ D） He had to do some research on volcanoes. （ A） They are very dangerous to the nearby community. （ B） They can bring rare mater
5、ials to the surface. （ C） They produce more heat to the ocean. （ D） They can prevent the ice sheet from melting. （ A） She knows a lot about active volcanoes. （ B） She works as an assistant for the professor. （ C） She seems not very familiar with the lecture. （ D） She is eager to learn more about the
6、 globe. （ A） The water will flow south. （ B） The sea level will rise. （ C） The ocean will become more acid. （ D） The floods will destroy cities. Section B （ A） They prefer left hands to right hands. （ B） They use both hands before age three. （ C） They are not allowed to be lefties. （ D） Their hand p
7、reference is clear when theyre born. （ A） They have a good sense of space. （ B） They are much cleverer than others. （ C） They are more interested in sports. （ D） They have a good imagination. （ A） To advised more people to use left hands. （ B） To draw public attention to lefties. （ C） To help people
8、 know more about lefties. （ D） To offer some free objects for lefties. （ A） He looks quite anxious and uneasy. （ B） He appears to be clever and calm. （ C） He has long hair and a moustache. （ D） He pretends to be a teacher. （ A） Well-dressed women and old people. （ B） Travelers from foreign countries
9、. （ C） High school students and rich teachers. （ D） Well-dressed men and slightly drunken men. （ A） He never steals the poor and weak people. （ B） He knows where and when to steal the shoppers. （ C） He knows the district very well and run away quickly. （ D） He comes out only on the payday of compani
10、es. （ A） Commit more serious crimes. （ B） Go to travel in another country. （ C） Find a new place to steal. （ D） Become a teacher of pickpockets. Section C （ A） Our problems. （ B） Our symptoms. （ C） Our pain. （ D） Our insurance. （ A） Listening. （ B） Caring. （ C） Treating. （ D） Educating. （ A） Physica
11、l examination. （ B） Laboratory tests. （ C） Medical history. （ D） Complex technology. （ A） The main result （ B） The chief complaint. （ C） The major treatment. （ D） The leading examination. （ A） There is no difference between loving discipline and child abuse. （ B） A little bit of pain is necessary to
12、 teach a child what is right and wrong. （ C） Hitting teaches children to fear their parents, not to respect them. （ D） Child abuse is done out of anger when the parent loses control. （ A） He learns problems should be solved with violence. （ B） He knows the pain is natures way of teaching children. （
13、 C） He understands parents need to control their children better. （ D） He realizes parents are split about corporal punishment. （ A） A child may start misbehaving for the moment. （ B） The corporal punishment teaches parents to be violent. （ C） Many children dont respect their parents and teachers. （
14、 D） Hitting can lead to more violent behavior in children. （ A） Criminal behavior is totally unrelated to the hearts and souls. （ B） Criminals and criminal behavior are sensitive to environmental cues. （ C） Criminal behavior is not so sensitive to environmental cues. （ D） Criminal behavior is deep a
15、nd intrinsic within the hearts and souls. （ A） In the late 1990s. （ B） In the late 1980s. （ C） In the early 1980s. （ D） In the early 1990s. （ A） Because they deleted all crimes. （ B） Because they cleaned up the graffiti. （ C） Because they picked up all the litter. （ D） Because they put three changes
16、 in place. Section A 26 No one word demonstrated the shift in corporations attention in the mid-1990s from processes to people more vividly than the single word “talent“. Behind the word lies the idea that more and more corporate【 C1】 _is going to be created by knowledge and by so-called “knowledge
17、workers“. Manual【 C2】 _is worth less: knowledge is worth more. This has【 C3】 _shifted the balance of power in the recruitment process. Companies used to be relaxed about finding enough【 C4】 _people to run their operations. What they could not find they would train, was the usual attitude. That might
18、 take some time, but in a world where people sought jobs for life time was in the companys favour. But talent is not patient, and it is not【 C5】 _. Many companies found themselves training employees only for them to go on and sell their acquired skills to their【 C6】 _. So now they look for talent th
19、at is ready-made. In their eagerness to please this talent, companies have gone to【 C7】 _lengths to appear especially attractive. They have, for instance, devoted a great deal of effort to the design of their websites, often the first port of call these days for bright young potential recruits. They
20、 have in many cases【 C8】 _their HR departments, in part so that they can【 C9】 _their remuneration(报酬 )packages more finely for the individuals that they really require. And they have altered their approach to issues such as governance and environmental responsibility because they know that many of t
21、he talented people they are seeking want to work for【 C10】 _and responsible employers. A)subordinates E)rivals I)reconciled M)compromise B)tailor F)reconstructed J)ethical N)faithful C)significantly G)subjectively K)labour O)value D)vigorous H)qualified L)considerable 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【
22、 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Postgraduate dilemmas ADeciding whether or not to become a postgraduate can be a daunting(令人畏缩的 )prospect. Even if you are sure you want to press ahead, the chances are youll have a list of unanswered questions about the best a
23、pproach. Thats why New Scientist has asked those in the know to talk frankly about what postgraduate life is really like and how to make the most of it. How do I choose the right project? BOne thing all postgraduates agree on is that you need to be passionate about your research topic if youre ever
24、going to finish it. Skirting off with fire in your belly will give you the best chance of seeing your work through “During your PhD you will fall in and out of love with your project many times, so it is important to choose something that fascinates you and that you will want to persevere with,“ say
25、s Katherine Reekie, who is in the fourth year of her PhD in genetics at the University of Leicester. CThink, too, about the mode of research, advises Rachel Walker, a second-year PhD student at the University of Cambridge. “You should consider whether the project will require mostly fieldwork or lab
26、 work and whether you are happy with this.“ It is also useful for your project to have some similar aspects to those of other students working in your research group, she says, so that you can help each other out when you get stuck. DFunding availability might influence the exact area you choose to
27、focus on “Often there will be projects available with funding, waiting for a student to take them up. This was true in my case,“ says Jonathan du Bois, a PhD graduate from the University of Bristol. If you already have a specific project in mind, shop around for a department or supervisor that is in
28、terested in taking you on for that topic. Keep an open mind and spread your search as far as you can to find a university that fits your requirements. EWatch out for projects that are linked to commercial ventures requiring students to sign a contract that limit their ability to publish, or narrowly
29、 define the scope of their research. “I know of one horror story where a student obtained funding linked to a project to develop a medical device,“ says Tristan Farrow, a fourth-year PhD student from the University of Cambridge. “Before he knew it, his hands were tied and he found himself working mo
30、re on product development than science. His project took seven years and funding was a constant worry.“ FFinally, dont think too far ahead: the whole point of research is that you can never be quite sure where it will lead. According to Farrow, defining your research topic down to the smallest detai
31、l is like putting the cart before the horse. “PhD projects always evolve and final theses rarely cover the exact topics you thought you signed up for. You should have a clear aim but its fine not to know exactly how youre going to get there,“ he says. “Thats not to say you should be casual about you
32、r choice of research topic, but theres nothing to be gained by being too prescriptive.“ Will I get a job at the end of this? G“The market is worse than it lias been for a considerable number of years, so you are not guaranteed a job,“ warns Stephen Kennedy, from the pharmaceutical(制药的 )giant AstraZe
33、neca, where up to 70 per cent of staff have a PhD. “But having a postgraduate qualification will help you give examples of your strengths and attributes in an interview,“ he says. Youll also have good transferable skills that you can take away from science and apply to a totally different area, such
34、 as business. HLorna Crombie, director of Durham-based science recruitment agency CK Science, agrees that postgraduate study can prepare you for employment as long as you know how to show your new skills in an interview. “You need to be able to go in and tell them what you got out of the course,“ sh
35、e says. Focus on abilities like project management or working independently skills that require discipline. IKennedy believes its these skills that give postgraduates the edge. “They tend to be more active, and have the ability to work autonomously and decisively,“ he says. “They tend to have a bett
36、er understanding of the working world than a graduate.“ Overall, he says, postgraduates are “more likely to hit the ground running“, which makes a big impact in the pharmaceutical industry because the sooner new employees are doing their jobs well, the sooner patients receive the benefits. Can I tur
37、n my PhD into a business? JEver been tempted to use a smartphone to lend a helping hand in the pub quiz? If so, then chances are youll still be stuck when it comes to the picture round. Now, Mark Cummins, a final-year PhD student working on computer vision at the University of Oxford has found the s
38、olution. For the last year, hes been developing a new company called Plinkart which has created a visual search engine application for smartphones. “You take a picture of an object with your phone, we recognise the object in the picture and return the relevant information,“ explains Cummins. For exa
39、mple, you can take a photo of a painting and the Plinkart application will find the relevant Wikipedia article. KBecause scientists tend to be good at finding solutions to problems it means that, like Cummins, they often come up with ideas that could work well in a business setting. But does that me
40、an its easy to turn your science into a business? L“Scientific training is intellectually rigorous so it is certainly not difficult for scientists to make a switch to business, but a significant shift in mindset is required,“ says Afua Osei of the Oxford Centre for Entrepreneurship and Innovation pa
41、rt of the University of Oxfords Said Business School. Instead of focusing on pure scientific discovery, theyll have to focus on context, applications, market needs and customer behaviour, she says. MLecturer Davin Yap co-founded his company, Transversal, when he grew fed up with his students at the
42、University of Cambridge emailing him masses of questions. He produced a piece of computer software which allows users to submit questions in their own words which the computer will understand and provide an answer to. His clients now include the Royal Mail and BBC iPlayer, but how confident was he t
43、hat it would succeed at the start? N“Blindly confident,“ Yap says. “Its essential that you just get on with it. Youll soon recognise whats lacking and find ways to fill the gaps but only if youre doing rather than thinking.“ OCummins couldnt agree more. “Intellectually, we were well aware that a hig
44、h percentage of start-up companies fail but, almost by definition, start-up founders believe that that doesnt apply to their idea.“ Nonetheless, the risk of failure is still real and “its a huge commitment of time, effort and personal savings,“ he says. However, the biggest investment is probably th
45、e opportunity cost: “Initiating a startup means not doing a postdoc or taking a well-paid job. Some people manage to combine a start-up with a postdoc, but its very difficult, especially because many universities now claim ownership of any intellectual property you develop during your research.“ 37
46、Scientists are usually good at finding solutions to problems. 38 A postgraduate qualification is an example of ones strength. 39 To choose a project, students should look for projects with funding. 40 Defining research topic down to the smallest details is unnecessary during the research. 41 Compare
47、d with the graduates, the advantage of postgraduates is their skills like management. 42 One may lose the intellectual property he develops if he is doing a postdoctoral research. 43 If you want to become a postgraduate, you may have many unanswered questions about the best plan. 44 Scientists can e
48、asily turn their knowledge into business due to the rigorous scientific training they receive. 45 Its important for a student to choose a project that he is really interested in and that he will want to persevere with. 46 A lecturer created a piece of software, making it possible for users to submit
49、 questions to and get answers from a computer. Section C 46 Amazon. coms recent announcement that sales of e-books at the online megastore had overtaken sales of hardcover books came as no surprise. It had to happen sometime. But the news did evoke quite an interesting mental image: libraries that from now on will look smaller and less crowded. For the moment, lets not argue with the proposition that people will read as much as they ever have. The
