1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 211及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Happiness is Like a Butterfly“. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your
2、essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） Assignment. （ B） Entertainment. （ C） Summer vocation. （ D） Career plans. （ A） He is tired of doing oral presentation. （ B） He is incompetent. （ C） He has something important to do. （ D） The deadline is not yet to come. （ A） William Carlos Williams. （ B） A poem
3、. （ C） A short story writer. （ D） It doesnt mentioned. （ A） They have dinner together. （ B） The woman help the man listen to his talk. （ C） The man help the woman listen to her talk. （ D） They go to the library. （ A） Projector. （ B） Software. （ C） Output equipment. （ D） Slide. （ A） The system invite
4、s learners to speak directly with speakers. （ B） The system offers learners to do dictation. （ C） The system invites learners to be involved in the conversation of native speakers. （ D） The system can keep record. （ A） Improving spoken English. （ B） Sharpening listening ability. （ C） Enlarging idiom
5、 vocabulary. （ D） Improving writing skills. （ A） Multimedia teaching system. （ B） A TV program. （ C） How to improve oral English. （ D） How to communicate with foreigners. Section B （ A） Eight. （ B） Seven. （ C） Six. （ D） Five. （ A） Four. （ B） Fourteen. （ C） Five. （ D） Fifteen. （ A） They agreed to kil
6、l all the sick birds. （ B） They agreed to report any breakout of bird flu. （ C） They endorsed a bird flu-prevention “road map“. （ D） They agreed to carry out research in this field. （ A） Alaska. （ B） Oklahoma. （ C） California. （ D） Hawaii. （ A） Lake Tulainyo. （ B） Mojave Desert. （ C） Death Valley. （
7、 D） The Salton Sea. （ A） About 3 miles. （ B） Only 100 miles. （ C） 282 feet. （ D） 14,494 feet. （ A） The Pacific Ocean. （ B） San Joaquin Valley. （ C） Mojave Desert. （ D） Oregon and Washington. Section C （ A） To explain why Wright became an architect. （ B） To describe the positive aspects of Wrights ar
8、chitecture. （ C） To explain why Wright s style of architecture became less popular. （ D） To describe the materials Wight used in construction. （ A） His houses were often small. （ B） His designs were overly simple. （ C） His roofs often leaked. （ D） His building did not match their natural surrounding
9、s. （ A） He helped construct a chapel. （ B） He took over his family s business. （ C） He trained under Guggenheim. （ D） He worked on a project overseas. （ A） They characterize stages in Wrights career. （ B） Wright died while they were being constructed. （ C） They were Wright s earliest buildings. （ D）
10、 They are examples of Wrights classical styles. （ A） Theories of how the universe evolved. （ B） Similarities between the planets in the solar system. （ C） Reason for the high density of earth. （ D） Theories of the origin of the Moon. （ A） Earth and the Moon traveled at different speeds. （ B） The Moo
11、n formed billions of years before Earth. （ C） Earth did not have enough gravitational pull. （ D） Earth and the Moon were too far from each other. （ A） The Moon has no water. （ B） The Moon s materials came from Earth s core. （ C） The Moon s core differs from its surface. （ D） The Moon contains little
12、 iron. （ A） It is difficult to define. （ B） Its causes are often unknown. （ C） Psychologists disagree about how to treat it. （ D） Its symptoms often go unnoticed. （ A） To explain the effect it has on mental illness. （ B） To suggest that it is easier to diagnose than mental illness. （ C） To discuss t
13、he role of medicine in clinical psychology. （ D） To show the similarities between physical and mental illness. （ A） Another means of measuring normal behavior. （ B） Why some politicians arent well adjusted. （ C） How an individual s behavior is influenced by therapy. （ D） Problems often encountered b
14、y psychologists. Section A 26 Using a computer or smartphone at night can cause us to pile on the pounds, new research has revealed. The study found a link between blue light exposure blue light is【 C1】 _by smartphones and tablets and increased hunger. It found that exposure to the light increases h
15、unger levels for several hours and even increases hunger levels after eating a meal. Results of the US study show that blue-enriched light exposure, compared with【 C2】 _light exposure, was【 C3】 _with an increase in hunger that began 15 minutes after light onset and was still present almost two hours
16、 after the meal. Blue light exposure has also already been shown to decreased【 C4】 _in the evening increasing the risk of insomnia. Study co-author Ivy Cheung, of Northwestern University, in Chicago, said: “A single three-hour exposure to blue-enriched light in the evening【 C5】 _impacted hunger and
17、glucose metabolism. “ “These results are important because they suggest that manipulating environmental light exposure for humans may represent a novel【 C6】_of influencing food intake patterns and metabolism.“ The study group【 C7】_10 healthy adults with regular sleep and eating schedules who receive
18、d【 C8】_carbohydrate-rich meals. They completed a four-day trial under dim light conditions, which involved exposure to less than 20 lux during 16 hours【 C9】_and less than three lux during eight hours of sleep. On day three they were exposed to three hours of 260 lux, blue-enriched light starting 10.
19、5 hours after waking up, and the effects were compared with dim light exposure on day two. Ms Cheung said more research is needed to determine the【 C10】 _of action involved in the relationship between light exposure, hunger and metabolism. A)exposure B)awake C)associated D)emitted E)related F)acutel
20、y G)comprised H)sleepiness I)agencies J)significant K)approach L)identical M)dim N)mechanisms O)Slightly 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 New Discoveries of Public Transport A)A new study conducted for the World Bank by Murdoch U
21、niversitys Institute for Science and Technology Policy(ISTP)has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world. This included both the public and private costs of building, main
22、taining and using a transport system. B)The study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spent as little as 5%. Professor P
23、eter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out that these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live. C)According to Professor Newman, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort of comparison.
24、 He describes it as two cities: “A European city surrounded by a car-dependent one“. Melbournes large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities. The explosion in demand for accommodation in the
25、inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people s preferences as to where they live. D)Newman says this is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice considera
26、tions rather than economics. Newman, however, believes the study demonstrates that “the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environ-mental terms“. E)Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most “bicycle friendly“ citi
27、es considered Amsterdam and Copenhagen were very efficient, even though their public transport systems were “reasonable but not special“. F)It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their part
28、icular city. One objection is climate. Some people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. Newman rejects this, pointing out that public transport has been successful in both Toronto and Singapore and, in fact, he has checked the use of ca
29、rs against climate and found “zero correlation“. G)When it comes to other physical features, road lobbies are on stronger ground. For example, Newman accepts it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a really good rail network. However, he points out that both Hong Kong and Zurich
30、have managed to make a success of their rail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly. H)In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: “The more democratic the process, the more public transport i
31、s favoured.“ He considers Portland, Oregon, a perfect example of this. Some years ago, federal money was granted to build a new road. However, local pressure groups forced a referendum over whether to spend the money on light rail instead. The rail proposal won and the railway worked spectacularly w
32、ell. In the years that have followed, more and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city. Newman notes that Portland has about the same population as Perth and had a similar population density at the time. I)In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for a
33、t least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with
34、urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher. J)There is a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes that. They are often wealthier tha
35、n their American counterparts but have not generated the same level of car use. In Stockholm, car use has actually fallen in recent years as the city has become larger and wealthier. A new study makes this point even more starkly. Developing cities in Asia, such as Jakarta and Bangkok, make more use
36、 of the car than wealthy Asian cities such as Tokyo and Singapore. In cities that developed later, the World Bank and Asian Development Bank discouraged the building of public transport and people have been forced to rely on cars creating the massive traffic jams that characterize those cities. K)Ne
37、wman believes one of the best studies on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal advocated the creation of urban vill
38、ages at hundreds of sites, mostly around railway stations. L)It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team s research demonstrates that the population and job density of c
39、ities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. “The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-fac
40、e.“ 37 In Melbourne, people prefer to live in the inner suburbs. 38 Auckland is hilly, therefore it is inappropriate for it to develop rail transport system. 39 In the UK, travel times to work increase because public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl. 40 The ISTP study examined publ
41、ic and private systems in thirty-seven cities around the world. 41 The Urban Village used Melbourne to illustrate that we should avoid an overcrowded centre. 42 Efficient cities can improve the quality of life for their inhabitants. 43 Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even w
42、hen public transport is only aver-agely good. 44 The example of European cities shows that higher incomes need not mean more cars. 45 Portland profitably moved from road to light rail transport system. 46 The fact that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s d
43、emonstrates that working together in cities is beneficial. Section C 46 Mathematical ability and musical ability may not seem on the surface to be connected, but people who have researched the subject and studied the brain say that they are. Three quarters of the bright but speech-delayed children i
44、n the group I studied had a close relative who was an engineer, mathematician or scientist, and four fifths had a close relative who played a musical instrument. The children themselves usually took readily to math and other analytical subjects and to music. Black, white and Asian children in this g
45、roup show the same patterns. However, it is clear that blacks have been greatly overrepresented in the development of American popular music and greatly underrepresented in such fields as mathematics, science and engineering. If the abilities required in analytical fields and in music are so closely
46、 related, how can there be this great discrepancy? One reason is that the development of mathematical and other such abilities requires years of formal schooling, while certain musical talents can be developed with little or no formal training, as has happened with a number of well-known black music
47、ians. It is precisely in those kinds of music where one can acquire great skill without formal training that blacks have excelled popular music rather than classical music, piano rather than violin, blues rather than opera. This is readily understandable, given that most blacks, for most of American
48、 histo ry, have not had either the money or the leisure for long years of formal study in music. Blacks have not merely held their own in American popular music. They have played a disproportionately large role in the development of jazz, both traditional and modern A long string of names comes to m
49、ind Duke Ellington, Scott Joplin, W.C. Handy, Louis Armstrong, Charlie Parker. and so on None of this indicates any special innate ability of blacks in music. On the contrary, it is per fectly consistent with blacks having no more such inborn ability than anyone else, but being limited to being able to express such ability in narrower channels than others who have had the money, the time and the formal education to spread out over a wider range of music, as well as into mathematics, science and engineering.
