1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 228及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of Social Responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1.现在的年轻人都在关注如何过好自己的生活，不
2、愿意关注社会民生 2.有人赞同这样的做法，有人觉得不应该如此 3.你的看法 Section A （ A） They often take risks. （ B） Theyre too conservative. （ C） They have no sense of security. （ D） They have no self-discipline. （ A） Financial security matters a lot to them. （ B） They chase every mark of the stock market. （ C） Theyre not so concerne
3、d with money. （ D） They make decisions based on short-term matters. （ A） Ds. （ B） Cs. （ C） Bs. （ D） As. （ A） Theyre willing to take risks. （ B） They have long-term financial plans. （ C） They seldom go on instinct. （ D） They buy few stocks. （ A） The goals of the employees. （ B） The objectives of the
4、organization. （ C） The structure of the organization. （ D） The personal prospect of the leader. （ A） The rewards for the leader. （ B） The reputation of a leader. （ C） The approach to achieving goals. （ D） The payment of employees. （ A） Find something you are passionate about. （ B） Learn how to run a
5、 business. （ C） Make a business out of something. （ D） Learn how to manage and lead people. （ A） Avoid the difficult part in the job. （ B） Ask the company for help. （ C） Learn hard by working extra hours. （ D） Find a more experienced counselor. Section B （ A） More than 400. （ B） More than 4,000. （ C
6、） About 200. （ D） About 50. （ A） Eating less salt will help decrease blood pressure. （ B） Many people in America have high blood pressure. （ C） Some patients dont follow the doctors suggestion. （ D） Eating unhealthy foods has effects on ones health. （ A） The decrease in blood pressure. （ B） Continue
7、d high-blood pressure. （ C） Taking too much medicine. （ D） Excessive intake of vitamins. （ A） Cooked meat products are safe to eat. （ B） People should eat less popular prepared foods. （ C） To decrease salt, popular prepared foods need to be improved. （ D） High blood pressure patients should see a do
8、ctor. （ A） All the transportation is free. （ B） Every one can get medical treatment and job training. （ C） Free health care and social services. （ D） The state offers affordable housing. （ A） The universities are all free for students. （ B） The state pays the bill for its students study overseas. （
9、C） People can choose any school they like. （ D） People can go to universities without tests. （ A） They can also get free education. （ B） They all work in oil companies. （ C） They mostly come from Arab countries. （ D） They live in the poor districts. Section C （ A） Money. （ B） Message. （ C） Media. （
10、D） Market. （ A） People seldom watch advertisements in holiday. （ B） People seldom give sports equipment as holiday gifts. （ C） People seldom make advertisements in holiday. （ D） People seldom use sports equipment in holiday. （ A） The soup tastes very bad. （ B） The soup is too expensive. （ C） The soc
11、ks are of low quality. （ D） The socks give wrong message. （ A） All applicants in US have to take it. （ B） It is the only college entrance test in US. （ C） It helps to measure applicants academic skills. （ D） It has been abandoned by all universities. （ A） Students can apply without test scores. （ B）
12、 Students can decide which test to take. （ C） Universities can give their own tests. （ D） Students can choose when to take tests. （ A） It is the largest university in US. （ B） It values high school performance. （ C） It has a strong curriculum for students. （ D） It thinks highly of an SAT test score.
13、 （ A） It was only a single road. （ B） It was the longest trade route. （ C） It was built about 1000 years ago. （ D） It took about 80 years to build. （ A） He was one of the greatest emperors in Han Dynasty. （ B） He brought to Persia a new breed of horse from China. （ C） He was considered to be the fat
14、her of the Silk Road. （ D） He was the one who coined the name “Silk Road“. （ A） Religion. （ B） Silk. （ C） Horses. （ D） Tobacco. （ A） It cost much less. （ B） It was not affected by weather. . （ C） It was supported by the emperor. （ D） It was relatively safer. Section A 26 Ten years ago, Joe Allen beg
15、an studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where hes a professor. One of Allens main concerns was how these kids dealt with peer pressure, and how deeply they felt the pressure to【 C1】_ to what the crowd was doing. According to every pop theory of【 C2】 _ , peer p
16、ressure is danger. Being able to resist it should be considered a sign of character strength. But a funny thing happened as Allen continued to follow these kids every year for the next 10 years: the kids who felt more peer pressure when they were 12 or 13 were turning out better. Notably, they had m
17、uch higher-quality relationships with friends, parents, and【 C3】_ partners. Their need to fit in, in the early teens, later【 C4】 _ itself as a willingness to accommodate a necessary【 C5】 _ of all reciprocal relationships. The self-conscious kid who spent seventh grade convinced that everyone was wat
18、ching her and learned to be attuned (与 合拍 ) to【 C6】 _ changes in others moods. Years down the road, that【 C7】 _ sensitivity lead to empathy (移情 ) and social adeptness. Meanwhile, those kids who did not feel much peer pressure to smoke, drink, and【 C8】 _ in seventh grade didnt turn out to be the inde
19、pendent-minded stars wed imagine. Instead, what was notable about them was that within five years they had a much lower GPA (grade point average). The kid who could say no to his peers turned out to be less engaged, all around, socially and【 C9】 _ . Basically, if he was so detached that he didnt car
20、e what his peers thought, he probably wasnt【 C10】 _ by what his parents or society expected of him, either. A) adolescence E) morally I) smuggle M) motivated B) trivial F) conform J) academically N) romantic C) component G) subtle K) manifested O) heightened D) shoplift H) ignited L) nutrient 27 【 C
21、1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Can Tony Blair Save the World of Books? A At the beginning of A Journey, Tony Blair boasts that he has “the soul of a rebel“. Last week, he made good on that boast by conducting a gravity-defying act of
22、 literary presumption publishing a hardback of some 720 pages, priced at S25, tricked out with index, acknowledgments and 32 pages of photographic plates. B According to Cathy Rentzenbrink, manager of the Richmond Waterstones: “These sales are brilliant and really exciting. You dont often have custo
23、mers almost breaking down the door to buy a book, but Blair is totally outselling Mandelson. Ive not seen anything this big since Harry Potter or Dan Brown. This looks like the Christmas book of the year.“ She adds: “Its very rare for a hardback to outsell a future paperback, but this might be one o
24、f those exceptions.“ Rentzenbrink says she does not know its Amazon discount, or if theres a significant ebook and audiobook sale. What matters is that a fat hardback with a big print run is actually selling. C Go into any bookshop today and you will find the unmistakable evidence of a business in t
25、he midst of a collective nervous breakdown: hardbacks discounted at 50%; heaped tables of “3 for 2“; and other hints of the death of print: audiobooks and advertisements for the Sony Reader, or the Elonex touch screen, or the Cybook Opus. This year, there are more than 20 competing e-readers. D Acro
26、ss the Atlantic, Blairs chunky memoir (回忆录 ) will seem even more antique. The American reading public is adopting the ebook with the enthusiasm of a great consumer society. Wherever you go in the US, the electronic print of the hand-held screen glows like fairytale magic. Ebook sales are soaring, ac
27、companied by terrible predictions about the future of publishing. The picture is all the more disturbing because its so hard to interpret, with competing diagnoses. Are, we in intensive care or the morgue (太平间 )? E Since 2000, the Anglo-American book business has been rocked by great disturbance. Go
28、ogle has digitised some 10 million titles. Barnes and Noble is for sale. Borders, bankrupt in the UK, clings on in the US. Here, Waterstones parent company, HMV, wants to sell. Amazons market share continues to soar. Asda, Tesco and the supermarket chains are said to be draining the life out of inde
29、pendent bookselling. In the US, its claimed that ebooks are now outselling many hardbacks. By the end of this year, 10.3 million Americans are expected to own e-readers, buying an estimated 100m ebooks. F In the UK, electronic publishing lags behind the US, but many of the brightest publishing brain
30、s, notably Enhanced Editions, are looking hard at the potential of the book as application. Only a few people would dispute that its a matter of time before the ebook joins the iPod and the mobile phone as a vital component of the way we live. Ebooks, indeed, are already integral to the iPad and las
31、t week Amazon launched a sales campaign for its latest Kindle. Deplore this if you must, but be prepared: even the Oxford English Dictionary is now conceding that its third edition, 21 years in the making, will be published not on paper but online. G The 25 hardback of Blairs A Journey will certainl
32、y become a traditional bestseller. But many nervous industry observers are watching to see how many ebooks it sells. Within the book trade itself, all the main players (agents, editors, booksellers) have converted to e-reading, and now some authors are exploring the potential of the new technology.
33、Stephen Fry is said to be developing a revolutionary application for his forthcoming autobiography. Yet many traditional publishers privately say that printed books will continue to be manufactured, bought and cherished. H The buzz surrounding last weeks Kindle launch raises the possibility that the
34、 book is about to become swallowed up by an “iPod moment“ for literature, similar to the transformation wrought on the music industry by downloading. Who knows? Heres where gazing into the crystal ball for the biggest IT revolution in 500 years gets really difficult. I Tim Waterstone, who has had an
35、 unusual sense of what the British book buyer wants, remains sceptical. He concedes that the reference book market (dictionaries, encyclopedias) is “certain to go online“. But what about fiction? Biography? Poetry? Childrens books? “Personally,“ he says, “I dont think so.“ J Like many great booksell
36、ers, Waterstone is a cultural conservative. As he talks, he spots a paperback classic on his 17-year-old daughters bookshelves, and launches into the old defence of ink and paper. “Thats incredible value,“ says Waterstone. “Shes a child of the digital age and shes still buying books.“ So whats the f
37、uture? A long pause. “The only honest thing to say is: I really dont know.“ K Another innovator, the writer Will Self whose Walking to Hollywood, an introduction for the movie business, has just been published is in no doubt. “Ive unknowingly acquired a Kindle,“ says Self, “and I find that everythin
38、g I read on it, especially Stieg Larsson, becomes nonsense. Im inclined to blame the technology. With no physical similarity I think the text loses its weight.“ Self confesses to being unsure how much of his own backlist is available in ebook form. L Selfs response to the e-reader is echoed on the s
39、hop floor of Waterstones. Next to a discreet sign advertising “reading accessories“ I found Elizabeth Squires, a mother of two, hesitated to buy Blair. This would be a departure for her because she buys “20 or 30 new books a year, all paperback, all fiction“. Half of these she gets from Amazon. Audi
40、obooks? “Strictly for the kids.“ An ebook? “No. Why should I? I havent got anything to read it on.“ Is she tempted? “Ive been thinking about buying the Kindle, but it would never replace my book collection. Book lovers will always love books. Theres something irreplaceable about a book. It gives you
41、 a physical, even an aesthetic, experience. For me, its an emotional thing. My books are my friends. Theres something about having a book in bed, about holding it, even smelling it, that I could never get from an e-reader. Isnt the first thing you do when you move house, to rearrange your books?“ M
42、Elsewhere, the rearrangement of the book trade continues quickly. Last weeks New York Times Book Review contained no fewer than three separate items about the death of print. But paradoxically, the age of digitisation is both a golden age of ink and a boom time for narrative, in many media, on count
43、less “platforms“, from blogs, audiobooks to television soaps and Facebook. N Bookshops are changing. The worst are becoming novelty item and greetings card booth, but the good ones are selling more books than ever, and the publishers, cursing the climate and moaning as usual about the state of the h
44、arvest, show few signs of cutting back on their output. Blairs success suggests that the book-buying public may talk digital but actually buy printed books. 37 The sales of Blairs 720-page-book are excellent and exciting. 38 Now authors are exploring the potential of the ebook technology. 39 An inno
45、vator considers everything he read in e-reader nonsense. 40 The new era of digitisation is also a golden age of ink and narrative. 41 It is widely accepted that ebooks will become a vital component of the way we live. 42 The campaign of digitising 10 million books has a tremendous impact on book bus
46、iness. 43 The high discount of printed books in stores indicate that the paper book business is collapsing. 44 Blairs memoir is even more antique in the US because ebooks are embraced by most US readers. 45 A bookseller believes that compared with reference book, books like fiction are less likely t
47、o go online. 46 Unwilling to give up her book collection, a woman thinks there is something irreplaceable in a physical book. Section C 46 Shopping has become a very secret and mysterious affair. Conspicuous consumption does not look good during a recession, which explains why so many of us are embr
48、acing e-commerce. Online shopping on these shores is projected to grow from sales of 8.9bn to around 21.3bn by the end next year. Often people proclaim theyve embraced e-commerce because its “green“. This is understandable. If many shopping bags in a recession look bad, bricks and mortar retail huge
49、 out-of-town shopping centres, retail emporia (大百货店 ) that insist on leaving their doors open even in winter and grocery stores full of the most inefficient freezers look terrible during an ecological emergency. Should we buy the idea that e-commerce is any better? Several studies have tried to answer this with cold, hard data. A 2000 study on Webvan, a US online grocer that does not exist any more, concluded that a wider adoption of e-commerc
