1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 253及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “The Importance of Cooperation“. You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your
2、essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） Which company the man has worked for. （ B） What the man s advantage and disadvantage are. （ C） Whether the man has any experience as a security guard. （ D） Whether the man has worked for any alarm system manufacturer. （ A） He prefers to sleep late in the morni
3、ng. （ B） He writes for the local paper in the morning. （ C） He has classes during the day. （ D） He wants a higher-paying evening job. （ A） 8.75 dollars per hour. （ B） 18.75 dollars per hour. （ C） 80.57 dollars per hour. （ D） 8.57 dollars per hour. （ A） Complete his resume as soon as possible. （ B） W
4、ait a few minutes for the result. （ C） Go back home and wait for the result. （ D） Complete an application form. （ A） Workers who are open to new ideas. （ B） Workers who are good at teamwork. （ C） Workers who are hard-working. （ D） Workers who are potential leaders. （ A） To form successful groups. （
5、B） To balance conflicting needs. （ C） To deal with uncooperative workers. （ D） To create harmonious environment. （ A） People who can think independently. （ B） People who will obey the system. （ C） People who can solve problems. （ D） People who are diligent. （ A） Managers should demonstrate good beha
6、viour. （ B） Managers should increase financial incentives. （ C） Managers should encourage co-operation early on. （ D） Managers should call for innovation. Section B （ A） Eight. （ B） Seven. （ C） Six. （ D） Five. （ A） Four. （ B） Fourteen. （ C） Five. （ D） Fifteen. （ A） They agreed to kill all the sick b
7、irds. （ B） They agreed to report any breakout of bird flu. （ C） They endorsed a bird flu-prevention “road map“. （ D） They agreed to carry out research in this field. （ A） Alaska. （ B） Oklahoma. （ C） California. （ D） Hawaii. （ A） Lake Tulainyo. （ B） Mojave Desert. （ C） Death Valley. （ D） The Salton S
8、ea. （ A） About 3 miles. （ B） Only 100 miles. （ C） 282 feet. （ D） 14,494 feet. （ A） The Pacific Ocean. （ B） San Joaquin Valley. （ C） Mojave Desert. （ D） Oregon and Washington. Section C （ A） So they can feel its weight. （ B） So they can examine its contents. （ C） So they can guess its age. （ D） So th
9、ey can admire its beautiful color. （ A） Tropical insects. （ B） Decayed leaves. （ C） Tree resin. （ D） Bird feathers. （ A） Its amber contains numerous fossils. （ B） Its amber is the most durable. （ C） Its amber is opaque. （ D） It is the site of the oldest amber deposits. （ A） Amber mined from the Appa
10、lachianMountains. （ B） Amber with no imperfections. （ C） Amber containing organic material. （ D） Amber with no inclusions. （ A） The difficulties faced by the colonists. （ B） The skill of military heroes. （ C） The courage of one man. （ D） The cause of the Revolutionary War. （ A） He did not fight in t
11、he Revolution my War. （ B） He did not really exist. （ C） He was an important town leader. （ D） He was not the only messenger. （ A） It was well planned. （ B） It was completed in a short time. （ C） It was led by military commanders. （ D） It helped him get elected to public office. （ A） They did not us
12、e square numbers. （ B） They used complex measuring instruments. （ C） They recorded math exercises on tablets. （ D） They calculated the link of triangle sides. （ A） Pictures of triangles. （ B） Calculations using square numbers. （ C） Measurements of angles. （ D） Greek symbols. （ A） They taught the Mes
13、opotamians about square numbers. （ B） They were less advanced in mathematics than the Mesopotamians. （ C） They did not use square numbers. （ D） They knew how to measure angles. Section A 26 Our ape-men forefathers had no obvious natural weapons in the struggle for survival in the open. They had neit
14、her the powerful teeth nor the strong claws of the big cats. They could not【 C1】 _with the bear, whose strength, speed and claws provided an impressive small fire weaponry. They could not even defend themselves by running swiftly like the horses, zebras or small animals. If the ape-men had attempted
15、 to compete on those terms in the open, they would have been【 C2】 _to failure and extinction. But they were【 C3】 _with enormous concealed advantages of a kind not possessed by any of their competitors. In the search of the picking of the forest, the ape-men had【 C4】 _efficient stereoscopic vision an
16、d a sense of colour that the animals of the grasslands did not possess. The ability to see clearly at close range permitted the ape-men to study practical problems in a way that lay far【 C5】 _the search of the original inhabitants of the grassland. Good long-distance sight was quite another matter.
17、Lack of long-distance vision had not been a problem for forest-dwelling apes and monkeys because the higher the viewpoint, the greater the range of sightso【 C6】 _they had had to do was climb a tree. Out in the open, however, this simple solution was not【 C7】 _. Climbing a hill would have helped, but
18、 in many places the ground was flat. The ape-men【 C8】 _the only possible solution. They reared up as high as possible on their hind limbs and began to walk upright. This vital change of physical position brought about considerable disadvantages. It was ex tremely unstable and it meant that the alrea
19、dy slow ape-men became slower still. However, they persevered and their bone structure gradually became【 C9】 _to the new, unstable position that【 C10】 _them the name Homo erectus, upright man. A) compare B) driven C) match D) endowed E) doomed F) developed G) all H) adopted I) earned J) generated K)
20、 familiarized L) adapted M) available N) beyond O) bestowed 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 New Discoveries of Public Transport A) A new study conducted for the World Bank by Murdoch Universitys Institute for Science and Technol
21、ogy Policy(ISTP) has demonstrated that public transport is more efficient than cars. The study compared the proportion of wealth poured into transport by thirty-seven cities around the world. This included both the public and private costs of building, maintaining and using a transport system. B) Th
22、e study found that the Western Australian city of Perth is a good example of a city with minimal public transport. As a result, 17% of its wealth went into transport costs. Some European and Asian cities, on the other hand, spent as little as 5%. Professor Peter Newman, ISTP Director, pointed out th
23、at these more efficient cities were able to put the difference into attracting industry and jobs or creating a better place to live. C) According to Professor Newman, the larger Australian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort of comparison. He describes it as two cities: “A Europe
24、an city surrounded by a car-dependent one“. Melbournes large tram network has made car use in the inner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structure as most other Australian cities. The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a rec
25、ent change in many people s preferences as to where they live. D) Newman says this is a new, broader way of considering public transport issues. In the past, the case for public transport has been made on the basis of environmental and social justice considerations rather than economics. Newman, how
26、ever, believes the study demonstrates that “the auto-dependent city model is inefficient and grossly inadequate in economic as well as environmental terms“. E) Bicycle use was not included in the study but Newman noted that the two most “bicycle friendly“ cities consideredAmsterdam and Copenhagenwer
27、e very efficient, even though their public transport systems were“reasonable but not special“. F) It is common for supporters of road networks to reject the models of cities with good public transport by arguing that such systems would not work in their particular city. One objection is climate. Som
28、e people say their city could not make more use of public transport because it is either too hot or too cold. Newman rejects this, pointing out that public transport has been successful in both Toronto and Singapore and, in fact, he has checked the use of cars against climate and found “zero correla
29、tion“. G) When it comes to other physical features, road lobbies are on stronger ground. For example, Newman accepts it would be hard for a city as hilly as Auckland to develop a really good rail network. However, he points out that both Hong Kong and Zurich have managed to make a success of their r
30、ail systems, heavy and light respectively, though there are few cities in the world as hilly. H) In fact, Newman believes the main reason for adopting one sort of transport over another is politics: “The more democratic the process, the more public transport is favoured.“ He considers Portland, Oreg
31、on, a perfect example of this. Some years ago, federal money was granted to build a new road. However, local pressure groups forced a referendum over whether to spend the money on light rail instead. The rail proposal won and the railway worked spectacularly well. In the years that have followed, mo
32、re and more rail systems have been put in, dramatically changing the nature of the city. Newman notes that Portland has about the same population as Perth and had a similar population density at the time. I) In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoi
33、ding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestio
34、n problems which now make commuting times far higher. J) There is a widespread belief that increasing wealth encourages people to live farther out where cars are the only viable transport. The example of European cities refutes that. They are often wealthier than their American counterparts but have
35、 not generated the same level of car use. In Stockholm, car use has actually fallen in recent years as the city has become larger and wealthier. A new study makes this point even more starkly. Developing cities in Asia, such as Jakarta and Bangkok, make more use of the car than wealthy Asian cities
36、such as Tokyo and Singapore. In cities that developed later, the World Bank and Asian Development Bank discouraged the building of public transport and people have been forced to rely on cars creating the massive traffic jams that characterize those cities. K) Newman believes one of the best studies
37、 on how cities built for cars might be converted to rail use is The Urban Village report, which used Melbourne as an example. It found that pushing everyone into the city centre was not the best approach. Instead, the proposal advocated the creation of urban villages at hundreds of sites, mostly aro
38、und railway stations. L) It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team s research demonstrates that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in t
39、he 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. “The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face.“ 37 In Melbourne, people prefer t
40、o live in the inner suburbs. 38 Auckland is hilly, therefore it is inappropriate for it to develop rail transport system. 39 In the UK, travel times to work increase because public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl. 40 The ISTP study examined public and private systems in thirty-sev
41、en cities around the world. 41 The Urban Village used Melbourne to illustrate that we should avoid an overcrowded centre. 42 Efficient cities can improve the quality of life for their inhabitants. 43 Cities with high levels of bicycle usage can be efficient even when public transport is only average
42、ly good. 44 The example of European cities shows that higher incomes need not mean more cars. 45 Portland profitably moved from road to light rail transport system. 46 The fact that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s demonstrates that working together in
43、cities is beneficial. Section C 46 Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labour. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixe
44、d for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men s and women s roles were becoming less firmly fixed. In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed
45、called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved
46、to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam. In terms of numbers, the co
47、unterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society. Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime“ work so that they could spend more lei
48、sure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighbourhoods. In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or womens liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all
49、levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional womens jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion. Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to t
