1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 266及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On the Importance of Social Responsibility. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1现在的年轻人都在关注如何过好自己的生活，不愿
2、意关注社会民生 2有人赞同这样的做法，有人觉得不应该如此 3你的看法 Section A （ A） The one with the lowest price. （ B） The one from a famous maker. （ C） The one that is on sale. （ D） He doesnt care about the price. （ A） A digital watch with the date and time. （ B） A digital watch with yellow gold plating. （ C） A mechanical watch wi
3、th a leather strap. （ D） A mechanical watch with a metal strap. （ A） The saleswoman writes words on the back of the watch for free. （ B） The man feels surprised that the shop can do him a special favor. （ C） The shop charges a little sum of money for this extra service. （ D） The saleswoman promises
4、to finish writing the words in no time. （ A） Difficult to satisfy and full of demands. （ B） Polite but reluctant to spend money. （ C） Considerate, and loving his mother. （ D） Good at shopping but careless about money. （ A） Her neighbors son comes home late and wakes up her kids at night. （ B） Her ne
5、ighbors often hold a party at home and make big noise. （ C） Her neighbors son keeps the radio in his car turned on all the night. （ D） Her neighbors have far too much pride and show unfriendliness. （ A） She is too weak to show her dissatisfaction. （ B） She is afraid of upsetting the relationship. （
6、C） Her family will move to a new place soon. （ D） Her communication skills are too poor. （ A） Give her neighbors a call and make her requests. （ B） Meet her neighbors and tell them her trouble. （ C） Report the incident to the police directly. （ D） Keep silent until she cant bear them any more. （ A）
7、Because she can do it more politely. （ B） Because she has been driven crazy. （ C） Because she should keep her kids asleep. （ D） Because she shouldnt wait for their apology. Section B （ A） Water might become clean and pure. （ B） People will live in a better environment. （ C） There will be no police t
8、o protect people. （ D） People need to spend more money on education. （ A） To build hospitals and schools. （ B） To build roads and railways. （ C） To train the police officers. （ D） To teach and train the citizens. （ A） Some people refuse to pay taxes. （ B） The rich people pay higher taxes. （ C） Every
9、 citizen has a duty to pay taxes. （ D） The taxes are used to make laws. （ A） They were the most terrible disaster on earth. （ B） They were warning signs of some big events. （ C） They were turnovers of the big dragons. （ D） They were punishment from an angry god. （ A） The surface of the earth is made
10、 up by 12 huge plates. （ B） The surface is the most important part of the earth. （ C） We can now tell where and when earthquakes will happen. （ D） Our earth is made up by some oceans and lands. （ A） It will have more earthquakes. （ B） It is becoming larger slowly. （ C） It is divided by a large plate
11、. （ D） It will become even deeper. （ A） It is the meeting point of the Pacific and the North American Plates. （ B） It runs a length of roughly 1906 kilometers through California. （ C） It is one of the longest and most active faults in the world. （ D） It once caused the largest earthquake in the worl
12、d. Section C （ A） It was her grandfather who gave her the name. （ B） She had a very happy childhood in a large family. （ C） Her marriage with the sailor at sixteen was a failure. （ D） She died in a car accident at the age of thirty-six. （ A） She is recognized as the best actress in history. （ B） A l
13、ot of actresses are trying to imitate her acting. （ C） Her white dress is kept in a Hollywood museum. （ D） Her residence has became a popular tourist site. （ A） Critical. （ B） Prohibitive. （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Appreciative. （ A） It has two airbags or other safety devices. （ B） The maximum speed is
14、 40 km per hour. （ C） It can work for both long and short trips. （ D） It can be driven anywhere in the world. （ A） Mechanical failure. （ B） Heavy traffic. （ C） Extreme weather. （ D） Human error. （ A） 20% of them think self-driving cars are not safe. （ B） 20% of them have interest in self-driving car
15、s. （ C） Half of them believe self-driving cars are not trusted. （ D） Half of them dont know about self-driving cars at all. （ A） It is the only company developing self-driving cars. （ B） It cooperates with Infiniti in developing self-driving cars. （ C） It needs to further inform people of its techno
16、logy. （ D） It plans to make self-driving cars available this year. （ A） It is located in Arizona. （ B） It was established in 1782. （ C） It is the largest national park. （ D） It was the first national park. （ A） The protection of national parks. （ B） The history of national parks. （ C） The service of
17、 national parks. （ D） The pollution of national parks. （ A） It can be valid for seven days. （ B） A yearly pass costs only $18. （ C） It varies in different seasons. （ D） It is free for people over 62. Section A 26 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed I
18、t is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is【 C1】 _and another is competitive. Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and【 C2】 _certain behaviors. Ther
19、e are no clear answers yet, but two【 C3】 _schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two【 C4】 _are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents(支持者 )of each theory. The controversy is often【 C5】 _to as “nature vs nurture“. Tho
20、se who support the “nature“ side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and【 C6】 _factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an ex
21、treme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely【 C7】_by our instincts. Proponents of the “nurture“ theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instinc
22、ts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely【 C8】 _by their surroundings. Neither of these theories can yet【 C9】 _explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the【 C10】_to our behavior lies somewhere between th
23、ese two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. A)governed E)consulted I)scarcely M)cooperative B)referred F)genetic J)approaches N)resolution C)strategies G)reveal K)key O)distinct D)fully H)shaped L)exhibit 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【
24、 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Postgraduate dilemmas ADeciding whether or not to become a postgraduate can be a daunting(令人畏缩的 )prospect. Even if you are sure you want to press ahead, the chances are youll have a list of unanswered questions about the best approach. Thats why New Scie
25、ntist has asked those in the know to talk frankly about what postgraduate life is really like and how to make the most of it. How do I choose the right project? BOne thing all postgraduates agree on is that you need to be passionate about your research topic if youre ever going to finish it. Skirtin
26、g off with fire in your belly will give you the best chance of seeing your work through “During your PhD you will fall in and out of love with your project many times, so it is important to choose something that fascinates you and that you will want to persevere with,“ says Katherine Reekie, who is
27、in the fourth year of her PhD in genetics at the University of Leicester. CThink, too, about the mode of research, advises Rachel Walker, a second-year PhD student at the University of Cambridge. “You should consider whether the project will require mostly fieldwork or lab work and whether you are h
28、appy with this.“ It is also useful for your project to have some similar aspects to those of other students working in your research group, she says, so that you can help each other out when you get stuck. DFunding availability might influence the exact area you choose to focus on “Often there will
29、be projects available with funding, waiting for a student to take them up. This was true in my case,“ says Jonathan du Bois, a PhD graduate from the University of Bristol. If you already have a specific project in mind, shop around for a department or supervisor that is interested in taking you on f
30、or that topic. Keep an open mind and spread your search as far as you can to find a university that fits your requirements. EWatch out for projects that are linked to commercial ventures requiring students to sign a contract that limit their ability to publish, or narrowly define the scope of their
31、research. “I know of one horror story where a student obtained funding linked to a project to develop a medical device,“ says Tristan Farrow, a fourth-year PhD student from the University of Cambridge. “Before he knew it, his hands were tied and he found himself working more on product development t
32、han science. His project took seven years and funding was a constant worry.“ FFinally, dont think too far ahead: the whole point of research is that you can never be quite sure where it will lead. According to Farrow, defining your research topic down to the smallest detail is like putting the cart
33、before the horse. “PhD projects always evolve and final theses rarely cover the exact topics you thought you signed up for. You should have a clear aim but its fine not to know exactly how youre going to get there,“ he says. “Thats not to say you should be casual about your choice of research topic,
34、 but theres nothing to be gained by being too prescriptive.“ Will I get a job at the end of this? G“The market is worse than it lias been for a considerable number of years, so you are not guaranteed a job,“ warns Stephen Kennedy, from the pharmaceutical(制药的 )giant AstraZeneca, where up to 70 per ce
35、nt of staff have a PhD. “But having a postgraduate qualification will help you give examples of your strengths and attributes in an interview,“ he says. Youll also have good transferable skills that you can take away from science and apply to a totally different area, such as business. HLorna Crombi
36、e, director of Durham-based science recruitment agency CK Science, agrees that postgraduate study can prepare you for employment as long as you know how to show your new skills in an interview. “You need to be able to go in and tell them what you got out of the course,“ she says. Focus on abilities
37、like project management or working independently skills that require discipline. IKennedy believes its these skills that give postgraduates the edge. “They tend to be more active, and have the ability to work autonomously and decisively,“ he says. “They tend to have a better understanding of the wor
38、king world than a graduate.“ Overall, he says, postgraduates are “more likely to hit the ground running“, which makes a big impact in the pharmaceutical industry because the sooner new employees are doing their jobs well, the sooner patients receive the benefits. Can I turn my PhD into a business? J
39、Ever been tempted to use a smartphone to lend a helping hand in the pub quiz? If so, then chances are youll still be stuck when it comes to the picture round. Now, Mark Cummins, a final-year PhD student working on computer vision at the University of Oxford has found the solution. For the last year,
40、 hes been developing a new company called Plinkart which has created a visual search engine application for smartphones. “You take a picture of an object with your phone, we recognise the object in the picture and return the relevant information,“ explains Cummins. For example, you can take a photo
41、of a painting and the Plinkart application will find the relevant Wikipedia article. KBecause scientists tend to be good at finding solutions to problems it means that, like Cummins, they often come up with ideas that could work well in a business setting. But does that mean its easy to turn your sc
42、ience into a business? L“Scientific training is intellectually rigorous so it is certainly not difficult for scientists to make a switch to business, but a significant shift in mindset is required,“ says Afua Osei of the Oxford Centre for Entrepreneurship and Innovation part of the University of Oxf
43、ords Said Business School. Instead of focusing on pure scientific discovery, theyll have to focus on context, applications, market needs and customer behaviour, she says. MLecturer Davin Yap co-founded his company, Transversal, when he grew fed up with his students at the University of Cambridge ema
44、iling him masses of questions. He produced a piece of computer software which allows users to submit questions in their own words which the computer will understand and provide an answer to. His clients now include the Royal Mail and BBC iPlayer, but how confident was he that it would succeed at the
45、 start? N“Blindly confident,“ Yap says. “Its essential that you just get on with it. Youll soon recognise whats lacking and find ways to fill the gaps but only if youre doing rather than thinking.“ OCummins couldnt agree more. “Intellectually, we were well aware that a high percentage of start-up co
46、mpanies fail but, almost by definition, start-up founders believe that that doesnt apply to their idea.“ Nonetheless, the risk of failure is still real and “its a huge commitment of time, effort and personal savings,“ he says. However, the biggest investment is probably the opportunity cost: “Initia
47、ting a startup means not doing a postdoc or taking a well-paid job. Some people manage to combine a start-up with a postdoc, but its very difficult, especially because many universities now claim ownership of any intellectual property you develop during your research.“ 37 Scientists are usually good
48、 at finding solutions to problems. 38 A postgraduate qualification is an example of ones strength. 39 To choose a project, students should look for projects with funding. 40 Defining research topic down to the smallest details is unnecessary during the research. 41 Compared with the graduates, the a
49、dvantage of postgraduates is their skills like management. 42 One may lose the intellectual property he develops if he is doing a postdoctoral research. 43 If you want to become a postgraduate, you may have many unanswered questions about the best plan. 44 Scientists can easily turn their knowledge into business due to the rigorous scientific training they receive. 45 Its important for a student to choose a project that he is really interested in and that h
