1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 53及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Days We Should Keep in Mind. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1很多年轻人从不会忘记庆祝自己的生日，父母的生日却不知道 2这种现象说
2、明了什么问题，原因是什么 3我们应该怎么做 Section A （ A） The woman will bring some food back for dinner. （ B） They will go to their friends home for dinner. （ C） The woman will fill the refrigerator before dinner. （ D） They will eat out for dinner after work. （ A） Take more rest breaks while at work. （ B） Quit her job
3、and find a new one. （ C） Ask for a leave from her boss. （ D） Talk to her boss directly. （ A） Things on sale may be worth buying. （ B） Things on sale are not worth buying. （ C） Things on sale are out of style and season. （ D） Things on sale are carefully looked over. （ A） Shes looking forward to her
4、weekend trip. （ B） She will accept the mans invitation. （ C） She would prefer to go to the Disneyland alone. （ D） She thinks the kids will enjoy the Disneyland. （ A） Because he met a heavy traffic on his way. （ B） Because a terrible car accident happened to him. （ C） Because he had taken a different
5、 road. （ D） Because the road was closed and he had to wait. （ A） Change the T-shirts for smaller ones. （ B） Sell T-shirts for her son. （ C） Work as an assistant at the store. （ D） Make these T-shirts smaller. （ A） Ask a friend for the name of a hair stylist. （ B） Get her hair cut in the afternoon. （
6、 C） Make an appointment with someone else. （ D） Call another hair salon to cut her curly hair. （ A） The woman should eat a bigger breakfast. （ B） The woman should try to make time for lunch. （ C） The woman would be busy the whole week. （ D） The woman should change her schedule after she eats lunch.
7、（ A） To try something different. （ B） To travel and meet people. （ C） To learn different culture. （ D） To save money. （ A） Its not safe for them. （ B） Everyone respect them. （ C） They are easier to find partners. （ D） They only hitchhike in Britain. （ A） Just hold out ones hands. （ B） Put ones thumb
8、 upwards. （ C） Have a sign with big letters on it. （ D） Bring fewer luggages and be alone. （ A） He keeps forgetting the important things he has to do. （ B） He has great difficulty remembering Korean words. （ C） He cant find the most helpful Korean dictionary. （ D） His pronunciation of Korean words c
9、onfuses others. （ A） His poor memory. （ B） His fatigue. （ C） His lack of diligence. （ D） His method. （ A） Because theyre quite impressive with a strong effect. （ B） Because they are not so frustrating as other expressions. （ C） Because they are practiced and repeated once and again. （ D） Because the
10、y are most peoples favorite words. （ A） Try to retain as many new words as possible. （ B） Practice words at appropriate intervals. （ C） Learn difficult words with the highest frequencies. （ D） Make complicated words simply through repetition. Section B （ A） They prefer left hands to right hands. （ B
11、） They use both hands before age three. （ C） They are not allowed to be lefties. （ D） Their hand preference is clear when theyre bora （ A） They have a good sense of space. （ B） They are much cleverer than others. （ C） They are more interested in sports. （ D） They have a good imagination. （ A） To adv
12、ised more people to use left hands. （ B） To draw public attention to lefties. （ C） To help people know more about lefties. （ D） To offer some free objects for lefties. （ A） He looks quite anxious and uneasy. （ B） He appears to be clever and calm. （ C） He has long hair and a moustache. （ D） He preten
13、ds to be a teacher. （ A） Well-dressed women and old people. （ B） Travelers from foreign countries. （ C） High school students and rich teachers. （ D） Well-dressed men and slightly drunken men. （ A） He never steals the poor and weak people. （ B） He knows where and when to steal the shoppers. （ C） He k
14、nows the district very well and run away quickly. （ D） He comes out only on the payday of companies. （ A） Commit more serious crimes. （ B） Go to travel in another country. （ C） Find a new place to steal. （ D） Become a teacher of pickpockets. （ A） They came from Europe 350 years ago. （ B） They were t
15、he first residents in North America. （ C） They settled along the Atlantic coast. （ D） They had suffered much before the Civil War. （ A） They were forced to work as slaves for the colonists. （ B） They wanted to make better lives. （ C） They needed to find a new place to live. （ D） They wanted to get a
16、way from the war. （ A） Northern and southern Europe. （ B） Asia and Eastern Europe. （ C） Ireland, Germany and Western Europe. （ D） African and other parts of Asia. Section C 26 In ancient times the Chinese farmed for a living, and always lived on the land【 B1】 _their ancestors and never moved without
17、 important reasons. So they【 B2】 _large families. But with the change of social structure and the increasing strength of【 B3】 _independence, the number of small families is growing larger. A large family which may include three generations have some advantages. Its benefit is that people can help ea
18、ch other in time of need. For example,【 B4】 _earn a living themselves, the grandparents in this family can be supported by their sons or daughters. The third generation may be cared for by the grandparents. Thus the second generation can【 B5】 _work without their children making much trouble at home.
19、 However, many people living together are sure to produce some conflict. Everybodys business is nobodys business; in other words, there is almost no【 B6】 _. The good and bad sides of a small family are just the opposite of a large family. A member of a small family can【 B7】 _express his or her feeli
20、ng to his wife or her husband and children. The people of a small family do not have to do what they do not like under the mask of happiness. Of course, a young couple are busier than those of a large family in【 B8】 _children. Asked whether I like a large family or a small family, I would answer: I
21、like the latter. But I must【 B9】 _one thing: It is important to keep frequent touch with your【 B10】 _if you live in a small family, and especially, to support your parents when they are too old. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 T
22、en years ago, Joe Allen began studying a diverse group of seventh graders near the University of Virginia, where hes a professor. One of Allens main concerns was how these kids dealt with peer pressure, and how deeply they felt the pressure to【 C1】_to what the crowd was doing. According to every pop
23、 theory of【 C2】 _, peer pressure is danger. Being able to resist it should be considered a sign of character strength. But a funny thing happened as Allen continued to follow these kids every year for the next 10 years: the kids who felt more peer pressure when they were 12 or 13 were turning out be
24、tter. Notably, they had much higher-quality relationships with friends, parents, and【 C3】_partners. Their need to fit in, in the early teens, later【 C4】 _itself as a willingness to accommodate a necessary【 C5】 _of all reciprocal relationships. The self-conscious kid who spent seventh grade convinced
25、 that everyone was watching her and learned to be attuned(与 合拍 )to【 C6】 _changes in others moods. Years down the road, that【 C7】 _sensitivity lead to empathy(移情 )and social adeptness. Meanwhile, those kids who did not feel much peer pressure to smoke, drink, and【 C8】 _in seventh grade didnt turn out
26、 to be the independent-minded stars wed imagine. Instead, what was notable about them was that within five years they had a much lower GPA(grade point average). The kid who could say no to his peers turned out to be less engaged, all around, socially and【 C9】 _. Basically, if he was so detached that
27、 he didnt care what his peers thought, he probably wasnt【 C10】 _by what his parents or society expected of him, either. A)adolescence B)trivial C)component D)shoplift E)morally F)conform G)subtle H)ignited I)smuggle J)academically K)manifested L)nutrient M)motivated N)romantic O)heightened 37 【 C1】
28、38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Life Begins at 100 AThis year, the number of pensioners in the UK exceeded the number of minors for the first time in history. Thats remarkable in its own right, but the real “population explosion“ has bee
29、n among the oldest of the old the centenarians(百岁老人 ). In fact, this is the fastest-growing group in much of the developed world. In the UK, their numbers have increased by a factor of 60 since the early 20th century. And their ranks are set to swell even further, thanks to the ageing baby-boomer ge
30、neration: by 2030 there will be about a million worldwide. BThese trends raise social, ethical and economic dilemmas. Are medical advances artificially prolonging life with little regard for the quality of that life? Old age brings an increased risk of chronic disease and disability, and if growing
31、numbers of elderly people become dependent on state or familial support, society faces soaring costs and commitments. This is the dark cloud outside the silver lining of increasing longevity(长寿 ). Yet researchers who study the oldest old have made a surprising discovery that presents a less bleak vi
32、sion of the future than many anticipate. CIt is becoming clear that people who break through the 90-plus barrier represent a physical elite, markedly different from the elderly who typically die younger than them. Far from gaining a longer burden of disability, their extra years are often healthy on
33、es. They have a remarkable ability to live through, delay or entirely escape a host of diseases that kill off most of their peers. Supercentenari-ans people aged 110 or over are even better examples of ageing gracefully. “According to the statistical study, they basically didnt exist in the 1970s or
34、 80s,“ says Craig Willcox of the Okinawa Centenarian Study in Japan. “They have some sort of genetic booster rocket and they seem to be functioning better for longer periods of time than centenarians.“ The average supercentenarian had freely gone about their daily life until the age of 105 or so, so
35、me five to 10 years longer even than centenarians, who are themselves the physical equivalent of people eight to 10 years their junior. This isnt just good news for the oldest old and for society in general; it also provides clues about how more of us might achieve a long and healthy old age. DOne o
36、f the most comprehensive studies comes from Denmark. In 1998, Kaare Christensen at the University of Southern Denmark, in Odense, exploited the countrys exemplary registries to contact every single one of the 3,600 people born in 1905 who was still alive. Assessing their health over the subsequent d
37、ecade, he found that the proportion of people who managed to remain independent throughout was constantly around one-third of the total: each individual risked becoming more infirm, but the unhealthiest ones passed away at earlier ages, leaving the strongest behind. In 2005, only 166 of the people i
38、n Christensens sample were alive, but one-third of those were still entirely self-sufficient. This is good news from both personal and societal perspectives, for it means that exceptional longevity does not necessarily lead to exceptional levels of disability. EChristensens optimistic findings are e
39、choed in studies all over the world. In the US, almost all of the 700-plus people recruited to the New England Centenarian Study since it began in 1994 had lived independently until the age of 90, and 40 per cent of supercentenarians in the study could still look after themselves. In the UK, Carol B
40、rayne at the University of Cambridge studied 958 people aged over 90 and found that only one-quarter of them were living in institutions or nursing homes. Likewise, research in China reveals that before their deaths, centenarians and nonagenarians(九旬老人 )spend fewer days ill than younger elderly grou
41、ps, though the end comes quickly when it finally comes. FNot all of the oldest old survive by delaying illness or disability, though many soldier through it. Jessica Evert of Ohio State University in Columbus examined the medical histories of over 400 centenarians. She found that those who achieve e
42、xtreme longevity tend to fall into three categories. About 40 per cent were “delayers“, who avoided chronic diseases until after the age of 80. This “compression of illness“, where chronic illness and disability are squeezed into ever-shorter periods at the end of life, is a recent trend among agein
43、g populations. Another 40 per cent were “survivors“, who suffered from chronic diseases before the age of 80 but lived longer to tell the tale. The final 20 per cent were “escapers“, who hit their century with no sign of the most common chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hy
44、pertension and stroke. Intriguingly, one-third of male centenarians were in this category, compared with only 15 per cent of women. GThe “centenarian genome(基因组 )“ is a key resource in identifying longevity genes. Such genes have been found in abundance in other organisms. Unfortunately, its a diffe
45、rent story in humans. While many candidate genes have been suggested to affect lifespan, very few have been consistently verified in multiple populations. HUntil recently, the only exception was ApoE, and in particular a variant of this gene known as e4, which gives carriers a much higher than avera
46、ge risk of developing Alzheimers and heart disease. Across the world, this unfortunate version of ApoE is about half as common in centenarians as in younger adults. Last year, a second promising candidate emerged a variant of a gene called FOX03A. At the University of Hawaii, a team led by Bradley W
47、illcox, Craigs identical twin, found that people who carried two copies of a particular form of the gene were almost three times as likely to make it to 100 than those without the variation, and also tended to start their journey into old age with better health and lower levels of stroke, heart dise
48、ase and cancer. “There are so many false positives in this field that FOX03A is very exciting,“ says Bradley Willcox. IFOX03A is involved in several signalling pathways that are conserved across animal species. It controls the insulin/IGF-1 pathway, which influences how our bodies process food. It a
49、lso controls genes that protect cells from highly reactive oxygen radicalsmolecules often thought to drive human ageing through the cumulative damage they work on DNA. FOX03A could even protect against cancer by encouraging apoptosis(细胞凋亡 ), whereby compromised cells commit suicide. The variant of FOX03A associated with longevity is much more prevalent in 100-year-olds even than in 95-year-olds, which clearly demonstrates t
