1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 81及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For tills part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Students Evaluation of Teachers following the outline given below. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 1近年来，很多大学把学生对教师的评价纳人教学评估体系 2就其利弊，
2、人们观点不一 3我的看法 On Students Evaluation of Teachers Section A （ A） She went to another party yesterday. （ B） She failed to find the man last night. （ C） She is trying to find excuses for her fault. （ D） She visited the mans grandparents last night. （ A） He criticizes the report for its idealism. （ B） He
3、 agrees with most part of the report. （ C） He admits the last point in the report. （ D） He denies the usefulness of the report. （ A） Ask the woman in advance. （ B） Write a message to Dr. Tedder. （ C） Get a permit from Dr. Tedder. （ D） Go to Dr. Tedders listening class. （ A） He lost his key in Marks
4、bookstore. （ B） He works in Marks bookstore. （ C） He asks the woman to pick up the key for him. （ D） He doesnt know the key was lost. （ A） She is a housewife. （ B） She enjoys doing housework very much. （ C） She does housework to make things in order. （ D） She does nothing except mopping the floor. （
5、 A） A teacher. （ B） An engineer. （ C） A repairman. （ D） A surgeon. （ A） By ship. （ B） By bus. （ C） By air. （ D） By train. （ A） The room now can hold the whole grade of students. （ B） The room is so old that will be pulled down. （ C） The room is three times larger than before. （ D） The room has been
6、refurbished. （ A） A study. （ B） A guest room. （ C） A kitchen. （ D） A balcony. （ A） Each room is not large enough. （ B） The kitchen and dining room are separated. （ C） Theres a large garden for their dogs. （ D） Theres no balcony in the new house. （ A） It is not far from the city center. （ B） It is ve
7、ry quiet but theres lot traffic. （ C） It is easy to get to the city center and theres a little traffic. （ D） It is very noisy and difficult to get to the city center. （ A） From their parents. （ B） From their living conditions. （ C） From the environment they live. （ D） From the TV and movies. （ A） Te
8、enagers want to be different from their parents. （ B） Teenagers grow up in a different environment. （ C） Parents dont want their kids to be the same as them. （ D） Parents want their kids to be outstanding. （ A） Being brought up incorrectly by their parents. （ B） Being influenced by TV and movies. （
9、C） Being affected by the changes of living conditions. （ D） Surfing the Internet day and night. （ A） He always does his homework immediately after dinner. （ B） He is a hardworking and extroverted boy. （ C） He can get high mark though he doesnt work hard. （ D） He likes playing games with his friends
10、after dinner. Section B （ A） The quality of life. （ B） The local economy. （ C） The friends and relatives. （ D） The natural beauty. （ A） The warm and welcoming community. （ B） The improved natural and social environment. （ C） The rich natural resources. （ D） Low pressure and high income from work. （
11、A） He regrets living in the Pacific Northwest. （ B） He now works in international trade. （ C） He feels inconvenient to contact his friends. （ D） He makes a different choice from his career associates. （ A） The disadvantages of living in the rural area. （ B） The importance of improving living environ
12、ment. （ C） The most important thing in choosing where to live. （ D） The cities which are better-facilitated for outdoor sports. （ A） Young superstars. （ B） Established scholars. （ C） Successful academics. （ D） Masters of a certain field. （ A） During the first half of their careers. （ B） During the f
13、irst third of their careers. （ C） During the second half of their careers. （ D） During the last third of their careers. （ A） The age of mentors. （ B） The rank of them in the field. （ C） The amount of training time. （ D） The talent of mentors. （ A） First-born children. （ B） The youngest children. （ C
14、） The neglected children. （ D） Later-born children. （ A） They tend to be more introverted. （ B） They are more likely to pursue perfection. （ C） They are more open to new experiences. （ D） They are more dependent on parents. （ A） They receive full attention from parents for some time. （ B） They are b
15、orn to be more competitive. （ C） They are required to be role models. （ D） They gain experience from their siblings. Section C 26 Commercial aquaculture can be a【 B1】 _and environmentally sustainable activity if conducted with the right methods in the right waters, according to a report【 B2】 _by the
16、 US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Practices in various localities【 B3】 _show that “ farming with minimal or acceptable environmental effects is possible in many ecosystems as long as proper safeguards are in place to【 B4】 _nutrient and chemical discharge and to manage its im
17、mediate and cumulative impacts,“ according to the NOAA report. The report notes that changing trends in aquaculture practices have lowered the number of water-quality problems from the number detected in the early years of the industry. Farms that【 B5】 _deep, well-flushed waters can usually avoid cr
18、eating risks for the water quality of benthic(深海底的 )communities. If waters are not well flushed and sufficiently deep, feeding the caged fish can lead to excessive【 B6】 _of nutrients and wastes, which endangers the balance necessary to sustain wild populations. About half of all fish【 B7】 _globally
19、are produced in farms, and the amount is likely to increase to meet the worlds demands for protein. Overfishing of many traditional fishing grounds has depleted native supplies just as expanding populations and greater【 B8】 _create a demand for more fish in the markets. The rising world population i
20、s becoming more【 B9】 _aquaculture for food production. In the US, domestic aquaculture can aid in decreasing US dependence on imported products, provide jobs and food security, and meet the rising demand for seafood. NOAA is working to【 B10】 _that industry growth occurs within a framework of environ
21、mental responsibility and ocean stewardship. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 A research presented to the AAAS meeting in San Diego suggests that much of the world prefers to take a siesta(午睡 ). It has already been established th
22、at those who take a siesta are less【 C1】 _to die of heart disease. Now, Matthew Walker and his colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley, have found that they probably have better memory, too. The role of sleep in【 C2】 _memories that have already been created has been understood for some
23、time. Dr. Walker has been trying to【 C3】 _this understanding by looking at sleeps role in preparing the brain for the formation of memories in the first place. He was particularly【 C4】 _in a type of memory called episodic(片断式的 )memory, which relates to specific events, places and times. This contras
24、ts with procedural memory, of the skills required to【 C5】 _some sort of mechanical task, such as driving. The theory he and his team wanted to test was that the ability to form new episodic memories【 C6】 _with accrued wakefulness, and that sleep thus restores the brains capacity for efficient learni
25、ng. They asked a group of 39 people to【 C7】 _in two learning sessions, one at noon and one at 6 pm. On each occasion the participants tried to memorize and【 C8】_100 combinations of pictures and names. After the first session they were assigned randomly to either a control group, which remained awake
26、, or a nap group, which had 100 minutes of【 C9】 _sleep. Those who remained awake throughout the day became worse at learning. Those who napped, by contrast,【 C10】 _improved their capacity to learn, doing better in the evening than they had at noon. These findings suggest that sleep is clearing the b
27、rains short-term memory and making way for new information. A)actually F)extend K)participate B)consolidating G)interested L)perform C)degrades H)interfered M)recall D)deteriorates I)likely N)subsequently E)excited J)monitored O)suggest 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】
28、44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 The Science Behind the Numbers That Govern Our Lives A)Numbers are everywhere in your life. You can assign a number to just about anything. Numbers work because they get our attention, but theyre also fairly easy to manipulate. Heres the latest thinking about
29、 the science behind the numbers that govern our lives. 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day B)“Its a lot more useful than eat a varied diet,“ says Mike Rayner, director of the Nuffield Department of Population Health, “because how do we know what that really means? Health messages tend to work i
30、f they capture the publics imagination. Theres a mixture of art and science in setting them at the right level, between whats ideal and whats pragmatic. “ C)And so it was with the five-a-day campaign, which began in 1994. “We adopted a five-a-day message because the Americans had a similar scheme, a
31、nd the World Health Organisations recommendation was 400g a day, which was about 50% more than the average person in the UK was eating,“ Rayner says. But in the countries where the WHO had found the lowest levels of heart disease and cancers linked to diet, the average person was eating far more fru
32、it and vegetable around 10 portions a day and other countries recommend greater amounts: in Denmark, its 600g; in Greece, its six portions of vegetables and three of fruit. So although five will do you good, more might be better. Its estimated that most people in the UK still average only three port
33、ions. “Based on this rate of increase,“ Rayner says, “it will take decades before were hitting the target.“ 2 000 calories a day for women, 2 500 for men D)In the documentary Super Size Me, Morgan Spurlocks camera crew ask people on the street to define “calorie“. Most cant. As Marion Nestle and Mai
34、den Nesheim recount in their book Why Calories Count: From Science To Politics, Spurlocks crew “could not find even one person who could come up with a reasonable definition“. E)There are actually five different measurements for calories as a unit of energy. The guideline we most commonly think of 2
35、 000, or 2 500 a day is in calories with a small c. Around two-thirds of the total calories you need are defined by your basal metabolic rate(BMR) the amount of energy you expend just existing: thats breathing, brain function, blood circulation. On top of that, anything you do, including shivering o
36、r fidgeting(坐立不安 ), let alone walking or running, will increase the number of calories you need. F)Your BMR is affected by your weight and height(different formula will give different totals)and the amount of activity each of us does each day will vary greatly. So do the average calorie guidelines r
37、eally apply to any of us? “Its hard to arrive at anything approaching the correct number without doing expensive tests involving non-radioactive isotopes(同位素 ),“ admits Nestle. So, would we be better off using one of those online calculators that gives us an individual number? “Good grief, no,“ she
38、says. “If you are going to buy anything, get a scale that works. And use it. By adulthood, people know whether or not they have a weight-gain problem. If they do, they need to eat less. This isnt rocket science. Its just figuring out how to balance food intake against calorie needs, and a scale tell
39、s you everything you need to know. “ G)So why do we bother having recommended averages at all? Because, Nestle says, most of us dramatically underestimate how many calories there are in food and, therefore, what a portion size should look like. “If I had one thing to teach the world, it would be tha
40、t larger portions have more calories,“ she says. “I wish this were as intuitive as it sounds, but its not. “ 8 hours sleep a night H)For every person who will tell you that Margaret Thatcher got by on four hours a night, a study will show that the average person needs between seven and nine hours of
41、 sleep to function well. If you regularly average less than seven hours, then you have an increased risk of depression, diabetes and heart problems. But sleeping for more than nine hours a night has also been associated with an increase in the likelihood of physical and mental-health issues. I)Myths
42、 about our sleep abound. Is every hour of sleep before midnight worth more than the hours after? Theres little evidence to support this, although one study showed that people performed better when theyd had more sleep after midnight, contradicting the myth. Do you need to get your sleep in one block
43、? Again, this may not be true. But some historians believe that “segmented sleep“ used to be the norm. Roger Ekirch made a study of sleep throughout the ages, and found many references in different languages to a “first“ and “second“ sleep. People would get up between the sleeps, and use the time to
44、 pray, reflect on their dreams, have sex or even visit neighbors. J)Dr. Thomas of the US Institute of Mental Health asked patients to spend a month living without artificial light. By the end of his experiment, the patients had all fallen into a pattern of sleeping for three or four hours, waking fo
45、r an hour or so then sleeping for another four hours or so, and they reported never having felt so rested. What is almost certainly important, though, is going through the different stages of the sleep cycle, from light, to “slow wave“, to REM(the average person goes through about four or five sleep
46、 cycles of 90-120 minutes a night). If your sleep is constantly interrupted, your body may not be reaching the right state of sleep it needs in order to repair itself. 30 minutes exercise, 5 times a week K)Despite our 2012 Olympic summer, a report from Sport England found that the number of adults p
47、laying traditionally popular sports such as football, rugby and squash has fallen in the past year. L)Youve probably heard that the recommended amount of exercise is half an hours moderate aerobic(有氧的 )activity at least five times a week. The official guideline from the Department of Health is at le
48、ast 150 minutes a week, so it suggests you break it up into five half-hour sessions. But, within that, there are other suggestions. On two days or more a week, your physical activity should include strengthening exercises that work all the major muscle groups. Oh, and instead of 150 minutes of moder
49、ate exercise, you could do 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity, “such as running or a game of singles tennis“(plus your muscle strengthening). Or, if you like, you can do a mix of the two. Not exactly catchy, is it? M)“Sometimes messages are refined for the sake of making them more accurate, but it means people cant always remember what they are,“ Nuffields Mike Rayner says. “These things only need to be changed lightly an
