1、大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 297及答案与解析 Section A （ A） Their health becomes worse. （ B） They dont fight as hard as before. （ C） They wont get the benefit of pension. （ D） They receive less education. （ A） In the late 1970s. （ B） In the early 1970s. （ C） During World War . （ D） In the late 1960s. （ A） Nobody wa
2、s injured in it. （ B） It was caused by an error. （ C） It killed 27 miners. （ D） It affected national electricity supply. （ A） Extraordinary expansion of mine companies. （ B） The laws requiring federal mine inspections. （ C） The decline of coal supply in the world. （ D） An accident causing thousands
3、of death. （ A） An express company that delivers food. （ B） A meal replacement diet. （ C） A report on fast weight-loss diet category. （ D） An annual ranking of best diet plans. （ A） The food is made by medical workers. （ B） The food is healthier than made-at-home meal. （ C） The food is delivered to d
4、ieters directly. （ D） Dieters can order a variety of food. （ A） It is tough to achieve. （ B） It may change our lifestyle. （ C） It is unhealthy and unsustainable. （ D） It can lead to future diseases. Section B （ A） He finds it hard to afford the rent all by himself. （ B） He feels lonely living all by
5、 himself. （ C） He needs to find somebody to make the apartment more comfortable. （ D） He wants to get help with his courses from his roommate. （ A） The carpet in the living room is soiled in several places. （ B） The carpet in the living room is worn out in several places. （ C） The toilet is clogged
6、and the sink has a few leaks. （ D） The windows in the bathroom can keep out rain and snow. （ A） He used some cardboard to keep it shut. （ B） He applied some super glue to keep the hinges on tightly. （ C） He pushed a box against the door to keep it shut. （ D） He pushed a chair against the door to kee
7、p it shut. （ A） Find a job for the man. （ B） Split the rent. （ C） Help Dave fix up the house. （ D） Look for another place. （ A） Confident. （ B） Hesitant. （ C） Determined. （ D） Doubtful. （ A） His traveling experiences. （ B） His knowledge of languages. （ C） His policy-making ability. （ D） His hard-wor
8、king. （ A） An export salesman working overseas. （ B） A trainee working through every branch. （ C） A production manager in a branch. （ D） A policy maker in the company. （ A） Trainees are required to sign contracts initially. （ B） Trainees performance is evaluated occasionally. （ C） Trainees starting
9、salary is 870 pounds. （ D） Trainees cannot quit the management scheme at will. Section C （ A） The whole routine of life is shattered. （ B） The need to talk to other people is increasing. （ C） Nothing is more important than controlling ones own time. （ D） Nobody is alone in the unemployment experienc
10、e. （ A） Days are getting longer. （ B） Days are getting shorter. （ C） Time becomes easier to fill. （ D） It is a good opportunity to develop their hobbies. （ A） Unemployment brings bad feelings. （ B） Unemployment brings good feelings. （ C） One should try to make the best of unemployment. （ D） Unemploy
11、ed people are lonely. （ A） Cooking. （ B） Cleaning. （ C） Skin care. （ D） Painting. （ A） 50%. （ B） 40%. （ C） 30%. （ D） 20%. （ A） How to release oil from seeds. （ B） How to test the local market for oil. （ C） Food and oil. （ D） Soybean and oil. （ A） National Similarities and Global Differences. （ B） Wo
12、rld Culture and the Future of Schooling. （ C） National Differences, Global Similarities: World Culture and the Future of Schooling. （ D） National Similarities, Global Differences: World Culture and the Future of Schooling. （ A） The book was written by David Baker. （ B） We can find information on abo
13、ut 15 countries in the book. （ C） The professors started to write the book in 1994. （ D） The book compares public education systems around the world. （ A） Hungary, Malaysia and the Philippines. （ B） Hungary, Romania and the Philippines. （ C） Spain, Romania and the Philippines. （ D） Hungary, Australi
14、a and Iraq. （ A） School violence has nothing to do with the educational system. （ B） Schools should stop trying to raise scores. （ C） Schools should treat every student equally. （ D） Schools should divide students into “winners and losers“. 大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 297答案与解析 Section A 1 【听力原文】 The number o
15、f Americans over the age of 65 is expected to double between now and 2030. This next generation of retirees will be the healthiest, best educated, and most wealthy in American history. 1But many of them wont have a retirement benefit their parents generation fought hard to get. It is something known
16、 as a defined-benefit plan, or “pension“. Retired workers who have a pension continue to be paid a certain percentage of their highest annual salary usually anywhere from one to three percent multiplied by the number of years they worked for the company. Pensions first became popular during World Wa
17、r n, when a federally-approved wage-freeze meant unions had to negotiate for retirement benefits, instead of pay increases. 2Pensions reached the height of their popularity in the late 1970s, when more than 60 percent of Americans had one. 1. What problem does the next generation of retirees have? 2
18、. When did pensions reach the height of their popularity? 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻提到，下一代 的退休人员失去了一项退休福利 (wont have a retirement benefit)，这项 “福利计划 ”(defined-benefit plan)也就是 “养老金 ”(pension)， C“他们得不到养老金的福利 ”与新闻内容相符。新闻中有提到这批退休人员将是美国有史以来最健康、教育程度最高、最富有的，据此可排除 A、D。 B利用新闻中的 fought hard作干扰，新闻是说这个 pension的制度是上一辈
19、人努力争取出来的结果，并没有说 “下一代退休人员不努力 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正确答案 】 A 【试题解析】 新闻提到，养老金制度在第二次世界大战时开始流行，到了 20世纪 70年代末达到流行高峰 (reached the height of their popularity in the late 1970s)。故答案为 A。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【听力原文】 U.S. government health and safety officials are investigating the cause of the recent explosion at a West Virg
20、inia coal mine, which killed 12 miners. 3The accident was apparently an error in an industry which has prided itself on miner safety at a time of extraordinary expansion. Mine companies operate in 27 states, from West Virginia in the east to Montana in the west, producing a total of about one billio
21、n tons a year, or more than a third of the worlds coal supply. The U.S. economy is dependent on coal production. Coal-fired power plants generate about 50 percent of the nations electricity. More than half the nations coal is mined underground by thousands of men and women who daily risk injury and
22、death. 4But the occupation has become much safer since the late 1960s, when the U.S. Congress passed laws requiring federal mine inspections. 3. What do we learn about the recent explosion at a coal mine? 4. What made the mining industry safer in the late 1960s? 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻开篇就提到，美国政府健康与安全局的
23、官员正在调查一起煤矿爆炸的原因，之后说这明显是一起 “错误 ”(error)，故 B正确。新闻中并没有提到是否有人受伤， A无法得知。事故中有 12人遇难，而不是 27人， 27是煤矿公司覆盖的州。 D利用新闻中的 nations electricity作干扰， D所说 “影响到全国的电力供应 ”没有在新闻中提到。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻提到，当美国国会通过法律要求联邦政府进行煤矿安全检查后(passed laws requiring federal mine inspections)，煤矿安全从 60年代末开始已有好转。故 B正确。 A中的 Extrao
24、rdinary expansion有在新闻中提到，但煤矿公司的扩张不是发生在 20世纪 60年代末，也与挖煤产业变得更安全无关。新闻中只提到美国生产全球三分之一的煤，没有提到 C所说的 “煤产量下降 ”。 D“一次造成数千人死亡的意外 ”没有在新闻中提到，只是拼凑了新闻中的 thousands of和death。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【听力原文】 When it comes to dieting, losing weight fast holds some appeal. Maybe thats why U.S. News have more time to think. 17But, u
25、nless a better job does turn up, the chances are the days start getting longer and time becomes harder to fill. Many people pass through periods of difficulty in sleeping and eating. They feel irritable and depressed, often isolated and lonely. 18Despite all these problems though, unemployment can b
26、e a chance for a fresh start. You can discover that it provides an opportunity to sort out or rethink what you want from life and how best you can get it. You can use the time to plan how to find a new job, learn a new skill, develop your hobbies or see if you can run your own business. 16. What are
27、 the first feelings when one is jobless? 17. What do the unemployed feel before finding a new job? 18. What does the speaker try to tell us? 16 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文说：失去工作几乎总是会带来一些令人不快的变化。收入减少之外，许多人还发现整个生活常规全打乱了，与别人的接触减少，雄心受挫，还失去了工作者的身份。 A正确。四个陈述句选项，各自的主语都不相同，选项的主要词汇也没有什么关联。由此可以推测的是，本题应该问细节而非主旨 (主旨题各选项
28、中的词语总会相互关联 )。可以 “听到什么选什么 ”。短文中的设问句 What are the first feelings?之后出现了 A中的原词，也属于在语义强调之处出题。 【知识模块】 听力 17 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文中说到：但是如果不能找到一个更好的工作的话，日子可能会变得漫长，时间也变得更难以打发。由此选 A。 A、 B、 C三个选项说 “时间 ”， D说 “业余爱好 ”。 A、 B语义矛盾， B、 C其实语义一致 (等价 )。由选项自身可以初步判断答案是 A。 But转折处出题。 【知识模块】 听力 18 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短文在前两个段落谈到失业的不
29、良影响后，在第三段说 “失业也是一个新的开始的机会 ”，谈如何利用失业重新开始，故答案是 C。 A、 B内容矛盾，各执一词，但太绝对化，故不能是答案。 【知识模块】 听力 19 【听力原文】 From the beginning of human history, 21people have used oils from seeds and nuts. 19Most of the time these oils are used as food, especially in cooking. But sometimes they have other uses. 19 For example,
30、 oils are found in paint and in cleaning products, like soap. Oil is separated from seeds by using pressure. A machine called a press is often used. Sometimes it is surprising to learn how much oil the seeds contain. Sesame, cotton and sunflower seeds, for example, all contain at least 50% oil. 20So
31、ybean is an important seed around the world, but it is only 20% oil. So chemicals are needed to release oil from soybeans. The first step in pressing the oil from seeds is to crush the seeds between two stones. A cloth container or bag is filled with the crushed seeds. Then the bag is hung up. Some
32、of the oil will flow out of the bag and can be collected. But some oil will remain in the crushed seeds inside the bag. The easiest way to get the rest of the oil out is to place heavy rocks on the crushed material. Oil can also be collected with small, hand-operated machines. Small presses are impo
33、rtant in areas where electricity or gasoline cannot be used. They are also a good way to test if a local market for oil exists. 19. What use of oil is NOT mentioned in the passage? 20. How much oil does soybean contain? 21. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? 19 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】
34、 短文第 2句开始谈植物油的用处，提到了 cooking， paint和cleaning products，只有 C项未提及，因而它就是答案。 【知识模块】 听力 20 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文提到，大豆的含油量为 20，故选 D。百分比作选项，难点不在猜测问题是什么类型，而在于对文中出现的每个百分比 (50和 20 )做出准确的笔记。在听到问题后才能根据笔记作答。 【知识模块】 听力 21 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 短文第 1句指出，人类使用植物 (种子 )油有着漫长的历史。然后谈到植物油的用途，主要的植物油来源以及如何提取植物油，因此，本文的主题是A。从选项的高度概括性来
35、看，本题当问文章的主旨大意。核心词是 oil，然后每个选项都给出了另一个 关键词： seeds， market， food， soybean。本文多处提到oil和 seeds，因此不难选出答案。其他几项的关键词只是文章中的局部内容，不能充当主题。 【知识模块】 听力 22 【听力原文】 23A new book by two professors at Pennsylvania State University compares public education systems around the world. 22The book is called National Difference
36、s, Global Similarities: World Culture and the Future of Schooling. David Baker and Gerald LeTendre led a group of researchers who gathered information on about 50 countries. Some findings came from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study. That study took place in 1994 and again five ye
37、ars later. The professors say education is increasingly shaped by what they call “transnational forces“. Officials in many countries are concerned about how their students compare with students in other countries. Each part of the book develops a different subject researched in schools around the wo
38、rld. One of the subjects is violence among students. 24The professors say countries with the most school violence include Hungary, Romania and the Philippines. They say the United States is somewhere in the middle, above nations like New Zealand, Canada, South Korea, Spain and Australia. The finding
39、s are based on reports from students. 25Professor Baker says inequalities in educational systems act as an influence. He says schools that are sharply divided between “winners and losers“ in math have higher levels of violence. “This does not mean that nations should stop trying to raise scores,“ he
40、 says. “But they should be careful to raise the performance among all students.“ 22. What is the title of the book? 23. What can we learn about the book from the passage? 24. Where did the study find the most school violence? 25. Which opinion would Professor Baker support? 22 【正确答案】 C 【试题解 析】 C是由短文
41、提到的书名照搬下来的选项。四个选项都是专有名词，或者问短文的主旨大意，或者问别的什么标题。 C、 D的差异只在一个词上(similarities与 differences)，听录音时要多注意。 【知识模块】 听力 23 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短文第 1句即提到：宾夕法尼亚州立大学的两位教授的一本新书比较了世界各地的公共教育体制。因此 D正确。短文第 1句往往是出题的重点。听到什么选什么。 【知识模块】 听力 24 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 文中提到： “两位 教授说，校园暴力最多的国家包括匈牙利、罗马尼亚和菲律宾。 ”因此 B正确。读题可知，本题问到几个国家名称，这几个国家有着某种共同点。听音时，可一项项 “对号入座 ”。语义强调之处会出题，文中 the most school violence成了选项的标志。 【知识模块】 听力 25 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 短文最后说到： “Baker教授说，教育体制的不平等产生了影响。 ”C正确。 A、 B、 D的观点也可以对照短文最后的内容一一排除。此外，绝对化的选项不是答案，可排除 A。 B、 D的观点也不符合一般情理。 【知识模块】 听力
