[外语类试卷]大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷94及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 94及答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 中国政府历来十分重视外国留学生工作。改革开放后,来华留学生数量迅速增加。据统计, 2012年共有 30多万名各类来华留学人员在中国的 690多所高等学校、科研院所 (institutions ofScientific Research)和其他教学机构学习。他们来自全球200多个国家和地区,他们中有专科生 (junior college student)、本科生、硕士研究生、博士研究生,也有语言生 、进修生 (advanced student)和研究学者。中国欢迎来自世界各地的留学生来华留学。

2、 2 北京是一个有着悠久历史的城市。在中国的漫长历史中,它是许多朝代的都城。 1949年,中华人民共和国成立后,它成为了新中国的首都。北京是一个迷人的 (fascinating)都城,它很容易地把传统和现代结合在了一起。第一次来参观的游客会立即被它新与旧的对比所震撼,同时,它还免不了给人一种正在加速发展变化的感觉。不论你想寻找什么,在北京都可以找到。 3 上海是中国的工商业中心,是繁忙的港口城市,是中国 的科技中心,同时也是一座发达的经济大都市。在 20世纪二三十年代,上海就深受西方文化的影响,被称为 “冒险家的乐园 (paradise)”。随着商业的发展,大量外国公司在此落户。新的观念也随着

3、商人和洋人的到来而传人。上海人用洋货,讲洋文,在洋行做事。这一切造就了上海人观念开放、敢于尝试新鲜事物的特点。 4 西安,古代名为长安,位于中国中部,隶属陕西省。西安曾经是中国 12个朝代的都城,有很多名胜古迹,历史辉煌。成千上万的游客来到这里,大多是来参观位于西安郊区的兵马俑 (terracottawarrior)博物馆。游览西安的最佳时间是春秋两个季节,因为这两个季节的气候相对干燥宜人。西安城在 7月至 9月的一段时间内会经常刮湿润的季风 (monsoon),冬季又相当寒冷。 5 杭州是浙江省的省会,是中国四大园林城市之一,有着 “人间天堂 ”的美誉。它位于长江以南,钱塘江下游 (lowe

4、r reaches),气候温和,四季分明。杭州因美丽的风景而出名,其声望主要来自西湖。早在 1982年,西湖就被确定为国家风景名胜区。西湖位于杭州市市中心,旧称钱塘湖,宋代始称西湖。它以秀丽的湖光山色和众多的名胜古迹闻名中外,是中国 著名的旅游胜地。 大学英语四级改革适用(段落翻译)模拟试卷 94答案与解析 一、 Part Translation 1 【正确答案】 International students studying in China have been invariably highly concerned by the Chinese government. Since the

5、implementation of the policy of reform and opening-up, the number of international students studying in China has increased rapidly. Statistics show that there were more than 300 000 international students from more than 200 countries and regions studying in over 690 institutions of Higher Education

6、, Scientific Research, and other teaching institutions in China in 2012, including junior college students, undergraduate students, master degree candidates, doctoral candidates as well as language students, advanced students and scholars. International students from all over the world are warmly we

7、lcomed to study in China. 【试题解析】 1第一句可以译为译文中的被动语态, “历来 ”可以译为invariably, “十分重视 ” 译为 behighly concerned 。这句也可以用主动语态表示,译为 The Chinese government has alwaysattached great importance to foreign students studying in China。 2第三句和第四句可以合为一个英语长句。主句为 Statistics show that ,从句用 there be句型。 “他们来自 ” 用 from引导的介词短语表

8、示, “他们中有 ”用 including引导的介词短语来表示。 3第三句中的 “各类来华留学人员 ”可以译为 international students, “各类 ”可以省略不译。 “高等学校 ”可以译为 institutions of Higher Education。 【知识模块】 汉译英 2 【正确答案】 Beijing is an ancient city with a long history. It has been the capital of China in many dynasties in the countrys long history and most rece

9、ntly since the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949. This fascinating capital city seems to effortlessly blend tradition with modernism. First-time visitors will immediately be struck by the contrasts between the old and the new and the inescapable sense that change is happening at an a

10、ccelerated pace. No matter what youre looking for, Beijing has it. 【试题解析】 1第一句较简单,大部分考生都知道 “悠久的历史 ”可以译为 a long history,因此将第一句译为 Beijing has a long history但这个句式过于简单,我们稍加润色,修改为 Beijing is an ancientcity with a long history这种表达方式更符合英文表达习惯。 2第二句和第三句可使用合译法翻译为一句话,主干部分为 It has been the capital of China。 “中

11、华人民共和国 ”为专有名词,译为 the Peoples Republic of China。 3第四句既可以翻译成和参考译文一样,也可以翻译为带有 which引导的定语从句的复合句,即 Beijing is a fascinating city which can effortlessly easily blend tradi tion with modernism 4第五句中, “第一次来参观的游客 ”可以直接译为 First-time visitors,更加简洁; “被 所震撼 ”可以译为 be struck by 。在本句后半句中,我们将 “正在加速发展变化 的 ”处理为定语从句 ch

12、ange is happening at an accelerated pace来修饰“感觉 ”,使句子更有层次感。 5最后一句中,参考译文没有直接按照字面意思翻译 “在北京都可以找到 ”,而是翻译为 Beijinghas it,更加地道。 【知识模块】 汉译英 3 【正确答案】 Shanghai is Chinas industrial and commercial capital. It is a busy seaport as well as a science and technology center, and has a vibrant business community. Sh

13、anghai was heavily influenced by Western culture, beginning in the 1920s and 1930s. It was called “a paradise of the adventurers“. A lot of Western companies opened offices there as trade and commerce began to develop. New ideas were brought in, together with the arrival of businessmen and foreigner

14、s. Shanghai residents were overwhelmed with imported merchandise, foreign languages, and jobs at foreign companies. As a result, Shanghai people are very open-minded and receptive to new things. 【试题解析】 1我们在翻译第一句中的 “同时也是一座发达的经济大都市 ”时,特意避免了和前面的短句采取一样的主系表结构,没有直译,而将其翻译成了 and has a vibrant business commu

15、nity,使语言和结构富于变化,更具活力。 2第二句中,我们没有像大部分考生那样习惯性地将 “在 20世纪二三十年代 ”翻译为 In the 1920sand 1930s,而是将其处理成了分词短语作状语,翻译为beginning in the 1920s and 1930s。 3第三句中的 “落户 ”和居民的落户不同,指的是公司的落户,也就是公司的成立、设立,所以我们将其翻译为 open offices。 4倒数第二句中, “用洋货,讲洋文,在洋行做事 ”,三个 “洋 ”字同时出现在一句话中,要翻译出彩并不容易,实际上这里的 “洋 ”指的就是 “国外的 ”,这句话我们翻译成 Shanghai

16、residents wereoverwhelmed with imported merchandise, foreign languages, and jobs at foreign companies避免了反复出现 foreign,几乎没有中式英文的痕迹。 【知识模块】 汉译英 4 【正确答案】 Xian, known as Changan in ancient times, is situated in central China in Shaanxi Province. With a brilliant history, Xian has a great many historical

17、relics of interest, having been the capital city of China through 12 dynasties. Hordes of tourists who flock to Xian come to visit terracotta warrior museum on the outskirts of the city. The best time to travel to Xian is during spring and autumn, when the weather is relatively dry and pleasant. The

18、 city has a very wet monsoon season between July and September, and winters are very cold. 【试题解析】 1第一句中注意西安的译法,需要加个分隔号 Xian。注意陕西和山西在英文中的区别,分别是 Shaanxi和 Shanxi。 2第二句句子虽不长,但有三层意思,在翻译时我们不要全部翻译成简单句,避免句式单调。翻译的过程中,我们进行了调整,将 “历史辉煌 ”翻译成了 伴随状语with a brilliant history,放在句首。后面也没有用两个简单句并列,而是使用了分词短语作状语,增添了译文的层次感

19、。 3第三句中我们将 “成千上万的游客来到这里 ”翻译成 Hordes of tourists who flock to Xian,其中,使用了 who引导的定语从句,而 flock一词的使用将游客蜂拥而至的状况表现得淋漓尽致。 “在 的郊区 ”可使用短语 on the outskirts of 。 【知识模块】 汉译英 5 【正确答案】 Known as “Heaven on Earth“, Hangzhou is the capital of Zhejiang Province and also one of the Top Four Garden Cities in China. It

20、is situated in the south of Yangtze River and on the lower reaches of the Qiantangjiang River. It has a mild climate with distinct seasons. Hangzhou is renowned for its scenic beauty, and earned its fame because of West Lake. As early as 1982, West Lake has been selected as national scenic spot. Lyi

21、ng in the center of Hangzhou City, it was called Qiantang Lake in the past. From Song Dynasty, it has been known as West Lake. As a celebrated tourist attraction, it is famous at home and aboard for the natural beauty of lakes and mountains, as well as numerous scenic spots. 【试题解析】 1文中依次出现了 “出名 ”、 “

22、声望 ”、 “著名的 ”,在翻译时,应避免千篇一律地翻译为 famous,英文中表达这个意思的词有很多,如 celebrated,renowned, wellknown, noted, famed, distinguished,翻译的时候我们可以根据需要选用,增加词汇的多样性。 2第一句话中的 “人间天堂 ”翻译为 Heaven on Earth, “园林城市 ”可译为 garden city。 3第二句话中的 “四季分明 ”翻译为 distinct seasons。 4第三句中使用了 be renowned for和 earn ones fame来分别表达 “因 而出名 ”和 “声望 ”。词汇的变化使用使译文生动而不单调。 5最后一句 话中的 “秀丽的湖光山色 ”翻译为 the natural beauty of lakes and mountains。 【知识模块】 汉译英

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