1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 195及答案与解析 Section A 0 The greenhouse effect causes trouble by raising the temperature of the planet. The【 C1】 _rise is not very much, but the Earths ecosystem is very weak, and small changes can have large effects. It has been believed that this【 C2】 _of one degree will happen by
2、the year 2025. This could probably【 C3】 _the North American corn belt, which produces much of the worlds grain, 【 C4】 _to much higher food prices, and even less food for the Third World than they already have. However, it would also mean that some countries which are further north would be able to【
3、C5】 _crops they had never been able to before, although there is less land as you move north from the corn belt. The other serious worry is that rising sea levels from the melting of the polar ice could【 C6】 _flood many countries. A rise in sea levels of one meter, which many experts are【 C7】 _by th
4、e year 2100(and some as soon as 2030), would flood 15 percent of Egypt, and 12 percent of Bangladesh. The Maldives in the Indian Ocean would almost【 C8】 _disappear. Most of the countries which would suffer most from a rise in sea levels are the poor【 C9】 _states, so the islands in the Caribbean, Sou
5、th Pacific, Mediterranean and Indian Ocean have formed the Alliance of Small Island States, AO-SIS, so they have a【 C10】 _voice in international politics and can make the richer developed world listen to their problems. A severely B. damage C. island D. critical E. grow F. mainland G. louder H. pred
6、icting I. rise J. completely K. geometry L. actual M. extending N. leading O. develop 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 Section B 10 Tips for Those Who Travel Alone A)When it comes to traveling, sometimes taking a journey alone can be great. Traveling
7、alone allows for a time of self-reflection, relaxation and self-discovery, when you can take the time to soak in the finer things the world has to offer. The independence gained by going alone allows for the opportunity to experience your choice destination exactly the way you want. Planning your tr
8、ip B)So youve finally decided to take advantage of some well-earned vacation time and visit Prague, the city of your dreams. Because youll be all by yourself, the planning of your trip is automatically different. One of the first questions worth attention is how youre going to spend your time in the
9、 beautiful Czech Republic capital. Are you going on a shoestring budget, or would you rather go all-out and book a room in a fancy hotel? C)Because traveling alone means your money is funding the trip, a wise choice would be to stay in youth hostels. Cast away the wrong idea that these places are un
10、comfortable and dirty, and accept the fact that hostels provide safe, clean, comfortable, and most importantly, cheap housing that millions of students and economical travelers take advantage of every year. It is relatively easy to book a room at a hostel via the Internet, and plenty of information
11、is available about each one. On the other hand, if you cant wait to take advantage of room service and a Jacuzzi bath, then turn to a hotel. D)Along with securing your accommodations, prepare a route of the journey for each day before you leave. This plan should include everything from visiting all
12、the famous landmarks to some relaxation time, which is essential since youll be likely walking for miles in your comfortable shoes(invest in a good pair, it will pay off). As great as organization is, however, you may not, at times, have to be restrained by your plan so as to leave room for some sce
13、neries unexpected or unplanned on your trip. That is exactly the beauty of traveling alone: You are your own master, and while preparation is key, there is always room to do something wild. Important information prior to takeoff E)One of the hardest parts of traveling in general is coming up with a
14、list of what youll need to bring with you(or leave behind). Thinking of these all-important items becomes all the more difficult(and necessary)when you have no one else to rely on. Whatever luggage you take, make sure its easy to handle. The best solution is to take one hold-all, be it a suitcase or
15、 a backpack, and then a smaller bag which you can hang loosely from your shoulder. Its also a good idea to keep a change of clothing in your shoulder bag in case your suitcase or backpack gets lost by an airline or bus company. F)If youre heading for a foreign country, dont leave home without a bili
16、ngual dictionary. Although a strong grasp of Czech will prove quite difficult, it is still important to learn phrases like “thank you,“ “hello,“ “please,“ and “I didnt know she charged money for her time,“ in case youre in trouble. G)Make a copy of all essential travel documents such as your passpor
17、t and health insurance. Keep the copies separate or leave them behind with someone you trust, in the event of an emergency. Along with cash, bring a credit card as an emergency method of payment and make sure to take note of your credit card companys customer service line in case of loss or theft. T
18、hat way, you can cancel your card immediately and have a new one delivered to you while on your trip(if possible). H)A book to enjoy on a train ride or on the beach, a journal to record your experiences, and maps to educate yourself on the layout of the land(you can get these from a tourism bureau),
19、 can make a world of a difference. With these things in mind and a positive spirit, you are now officially ready to set out on your own. Finally there I)Youve taken the big step, said goodbye to family and friends, endured a long plane ride, and are finally in the place you dreamed of visiting. unti
20、l now. You might be quite overwhelmed by your new surroundings, but there are ways to control these feelings of over-stimulation. Instead of being an outsider looking in, try to transform yourself into a relaxed traveler who is not held back by minor frustrations, such as long lines at the train sta
21、tion or delays in visiting hours of certain landmarks. If you planned accordingly, then you can afford to “waste“ time at the busy tourist hotspots. Besides, youre on vacation, and have nowhere to be! J)Another benefit of traveling alone is the ability to explore museums and engage in other time-con
22、suming activities. There is no pressure to rush through exhibits or cut the visit short; pace yourself and take in the masterpieces, whether youre an art lover or just a beginner. K)Make an effort to walk everywhere within reason, of course. This will help you get in touch with the area(so to speak)
23、and observe the locals in their element. Using your legs also allows you to find interesting shops and cafes more easily than if you were on some poor-quality tour bus. Your goal should be to blend in, something a well-designed(and perhaps overpriced)tour wont likely offer. Wear loose, light clothin
24、g because the more comfortable you feel, the more willing you will be to stay out an extra hour to explore a section you might have overlooked. Remain enthusiastic, relaxed and prepared, and the stories you will have to share upon your return will be priceless. Extra tips L)Bring along a camera with
25、 lots of films. Leave your route with someone at home, along with the numbers of each place youre staying at. Its okay if your plans are sketchy, but if there is a big change in your plans, you might want to e-mail the new information to your “in case of emergency“ person back home. Stay safe and ke
26、ep an eye out when it comes to money or your belongings; you dont have a companion to catch the pickpocket creeping up from behind. While having fun is important, so is safety. Be carefree, but dont throw caution to the wind. 11 If you have problems with the foreign language, you should take a bilin
27、gual dictionary along. 12 Poor-quality tour buses are less likely to take you to interesting shops and cafes. 13 It is suggested that one should bring with you a change of clothing in the shoulder bag. 14 When you arrive at the destination, you should turn yourself into a relaxed traveler rather tha
28、n being an outsider looking in. 15 If you bring a credit card, make sure you take down the service number of the card company in case of loss or theft. 16 Traveling alone offers an opportunity to experience the destination in an exact way you want. 17 In most cases, a tourism bureau may provide you
29、with maps. 18 Instead of being uncomfortable and dirty, youth hostels are safe, clean and cheap. 19 You should consider all the famous landmarks and relaxation in your travel schedule. 20 Traveling alone has a benefit that you can enjoy visiting museums, although it may be time-consuming. Section C
30、20 Many of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or cal
31、culated the length of the year, but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the
32、 greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight; so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal
33、 or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and
34、 civilized people ought to be able to find some way of setting their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it had been in the right. F
35、or that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right. 21 The author thinks that the conquerors and generals and soldiers _. （ A） only appear glorious in history books （ B） are greater than any other people （ C） are not as great as depicted in history books （ D） do not really help
36、civilization forward 22 As is indicated in the passage, the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier is put on the highest pillars in the great cities of the world mainly because _. （ A） people respect them very much （ B） they fought bravely to protect their cities （ C） people think they foug
37、ht too brutally （ D） they conquered many cities and countries 23 What is the writers attitude towards the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries? （ A） Positive. （ B） Critical. （ C） Ironic. （ D） Respectful. 24 The author says that civilized people _. （ A） should not have any quar
38、rels to settle （ B） should not fight when there are no quarrels to settle （ C） should settle their quarrels without fighting （ D） should settle their quarrels by killing the other side 25 The meaning of the last sentence is that _. （ A） those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser
39、wrong （ B） only those who are powerful should go to war （ C） those who are right should fight against those who are wrong （ D） in a war only those who are powerful will win 25 “Opinion“ is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment. This casua
40、l use would probably cause little confusion if people didnt attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,“ and “Everyones entitled to his opinion,“ are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would chall
41、enge anothers opinion is likely to be branded intolerant. Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge anothers opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend “what do you think of the new Ford cars?“ And he may reply, “In my opinion, t
42、heyre ugly.“ In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For its obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, “Its pointless to argue about matters of taste.“ But consider this very different use o
43、f the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not show their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and delibera
44、tion. Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone ent
45、itled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 26 What do we learn about opinions from the passage? （ A） Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion. （ B） Free expression of opinion
46、s often leads to confusion. （ C） Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions. （ D） Casual use of the word “opinion“ often brings about quarrels. 27 According to the author, who of the following would be most possibly labeled as intolerant? （ A） Someone who turns a deaf ear to others op
47、inions. （ B） Someone who cant put up with others tastes. （ C） Someone who values only his own opinions. （ D） Someone whose opinions harm other people. 28 The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that _. （ A） it is foolish to criticize a famous brand （ B） one should not always agree to other
48、s opinions （ C） personal tastes are not something to be challenged （ D） it is unwise to express ones likes and dislikes in public 29 Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that _. （ A） it is stated by judges in the court （ B） it reflects public likes and dislikes （ C） it is a r
49、esult of a lot of controversy （ D） it is based on careful thought 30 As is indicated in the passage, being free to act on ones opinion _. （ A） means that one can ignore other peoples criticism （ B） means that one can impose his preferences on others （ C） doesnt mean that one has the right to do things at will （ D） doesnt mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence 大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 195答案与解析 Section A 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 L 【试题解析】 此处应为形容词，修饰 rise。原句 b
