1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 94及答案与解析 Section C 0 Soon after starting his job as superintendent of the Memphis, Tenn., public schools, Kriner Cash ordered an assessment of his new districts 104,000 students. The findings were depressing: nearly a third had been held back at least one academic year. The high s
2、chool graduation rate had fallen to 67%. One in five dropped out. But what most concerned him was that the number of students considered “highly mobile“, meaning they had moved at least once during the school year, had ballooned to 34,000, partly because of the home-foreclosure crisis. At least 1,50
3、0 students were homeless probably more. “I had a whole array of students who were angry, depressed, not getting the rest they needed,“ Cash says. It led him to consider an unusual proposition: what if the best way to help kids in impoverished urban neighborhoods is to get them out? Cash is now calli
4、ng for Memphis to create a residential school for 300 to 400 kids whose parents are in financial distress, with a live-in faculty rivaling those of elite New England prep schools. If Cashs dream becomes a reality, it will probably look a lot like SEED, a charter school in Southeast Washington, which
5、 stands for Schools for Educational Evolution and Development. Its 320 students seventh to 12th-graders should live on campus five days a week. They are expected to adhere to a strict dress code and keep their room tidy. There are computers in the dorms common areas, and each student in grades 10 an
6、d above is given a desktop computer. At 11:30 every night, it s lights out. In his plan for Memphis, Cash wants even more time. Perhaps the most provocative aspect of his proposal is to focus on students in grades 3 through 5 for homelessness is growing sharply among kids at that critical age, when
7、much of their educational foundation is set, Cash says. His aim: to prevent illiteracy and clear other learning roadblocks early, so the problem “wont migrate into middle and high school“. Students will remain on campus year-round. The school would cost up to $50,000 a day to operate three times the
8、 cost of a traditional day school with more than twice as many students. “It sounds very exciting, but the devil is in the details,“ says Ellen Bassuk, president of the National Center on Family Homelessness in Newton, Mass. 1 What is Kriner Cash worried about most after knowing the result of the as
9、sessment? （ A） The falling rate of high school graduation. （ B） Middle school student s dropping out at a very high speed every year. （ C） Students being held back an academic year. （ D） The growing number of students moving frequently during the school year. 2 From the passage, we learn that the st
10、udents in SEED_. （ A） can use computers in common areas of classrooms （ B） will have access to desktop computers （ C） are expected to comply with some rales （ D） are all elites specially selected from prep schools 3 What does Ellen Bassuk imply by saying “It sounds very exciting . details“(Line 8, P
11、ara. 3)? （ A） It is very optimistic to run a residential school successfully. （ B） Details are important for operating the residential school. （ C） Running a residential school is as awful as dealing with the devil. （ D） Operating the residential school is not so easy as imagining. 4 Why does Cash w
12、ant to concentrate on students from the third to the fifth grade? （ A） More children at that critical age become homeless. （ B） Children at that age have more problems. （ C） That age is very important for learning. （ D） It is the best time to build educational foundation. 5 What is the passage mainl
13、y about? （ A） What concerned Cash most about the homeless kids. （ B） The benefit of building residential schools. （ C） How to help homeless children in poor areas. （ D） Building public residential schools for kids. 5 Here s some good news for parents of tweens and teens: you rule. That may be hard t
14、o believe sometimes. And its true kids wont always follow your health and safety rules. But studies show parents who keep setting boundaries make a huge difference. The latest example is a survey on media use by the Kaiser Family Foundation. It found that typical kids ages 8 to 18 spend an astonishi
15、ng 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming entertainment media, indulging deeply in TV, computers, games, cellphones, music players and other devices while occasionally glancing at books and other non-electronic media. Many experts, including the pediatrics academy, consider that much screen time is
16、bad for mental and physical health. But the study also found that kids whose parents set any time or content limits were plugged in for three hours less each day. “Parents can have a big influence,“ says Kaiser researcher Vicky Rideout. “The reality is that teenagers care deeply what their parents t
17、hink,“ says Kenneth Ginsburg, a specialist of the Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia. “The challenge for parents is to get across rules and boundaries in a way that doesnt feel controlling.“ Research shows that parents who set firm rules but explain and enforce in a warm supportive way work better t
18、han those who set no rules, fail to enforce them or rule with a “because I said so“ iron grip. Ideally, “kids understand the rules are about their well-being and safety,“ Ginsburg says. Still, achieving just-right parenting is “challenging“, says Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick, a teacher in Kensington, M
19、d., who has four children, ages 8 to 16. “There are so many different things to keep hack of.“ She and her husband keep their kids busy with sports and other activities, limit screen time and review the music their children download. They talk with their 16-year-old son about the rules hell face whe
20、n he gets a drivers license soon. But, she says, they cant police everything the kids encounter on the Internet or in friends homes. “Were just doing the best we can,“ she says, “even if young people may protest at first, they do feel more safe and secure when limits are set.“ 6 The survey by the Ka
21、iser Family Foundation is mentioned to illustrate the idea that_. （ A） kids don t always follow parents rules （ B） only few parents believe the good news （ C） much media use results in bad health （ D） parents rules make a huge difference 7 What did the kids do when parents set any time or content li
22、mits, according to the Kaiser Family Foundation? （ A） They spent more time staying outdoors. （ B） They accepted parents rules unwillingly. （ C） They appreciated their parents love. （ D） They cut down on their screen time. 8 What will Kenneth Ginsburg most probably suggest that parents should do? （ A
23、） Avoid setting firm rules. （ B） Set rules that are easy to understand. （ C） Avoid ruling with an iron grip. （ D） Set rules after family discussion. 9 Margaret Broe-Fitzpatrick finds it impossible_. （ A） to achieve just-right parenting （ B） to keep track of everything done by the kids （ C） for the k
24、ids to face rules alone （ D） for the kids to observe rules without protest 10 The passage is mainly intended for parents_. （ A） whose kids have difficulty in self-discipline （ B） who have doubts about setting rules （ C） who are too busy to care for their kids （ D） whose kids are addicted to media us
25、e 10 Every year, the Nobel Prize is given to outstanding work in six fields: physics, chemistry, medicine, literature, economics, and work in peace. These prizes are named after Alfred Nobel, who asked for the Nobel Foundation to be made in his will. He was an inventor and businessman. Nobel was bor
26、n in Stockholm, Sweden in 1883. His father, Immanuel Nobel has periods of success building bridges and periods of not making any money. Immanuel sent Alfred to study chemistry in Paris. Alfred met Ascanio Sobrero, who found the liquid nitroglycerine, a liquid that explodes very easily. Alfred though
27、t about making use of nitroglycerine in the construction of bridges and tunnels. An accident happened during the experiment with the liquid, causing an explosion, which killed and injured several people, including his brother. He continued looking for ways to make this liquid not explode so easily.
28、Nobel was successful in finding a safe way to store the liquid and in 1864 began producing huge amounts of it. He found that mixing it with kind of sand would turn the liquid into a paste. He then wanted to shape the paste into rods that would make it easy to blow up rock when building a tunnel. In
29、1867, he patented the material as dynamite. This patent greatly reduced the costs of blasting rock and drilling tunnels. As a businessman, Nobel set up laboratories that made dynamite in 90 locations in more than 20 countries. Although dynamite was useful in construction, many people used it as a we
30、apon in war. At age 43, the wealthy and lonely businessman put an ad in the newspaper for a secretary though he was really looking for a wife. Bertha Kinsky worked as his secretary for a short time, but married another man and became Bertha von Suttner. Bertha and Alfred remained friends and wrote l
31、etters many years later. She most likely influenced him to strive for peace. She published a novel Lay Down Your Arms! in 1889 and became a leading figure in the peace movement. For these reasons, she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1905. 11 Alfred Nobel s family_. （ A） designed buildings that
32、could survive explosions （ B） continued to aid Ascanio Sobrero in his researches （ C） was constantly successful in whatever enterprise they took on （ D） had times in which they struggles for money and earned a lot of money 12 Who discovered nitroglycerine? （ A） Bertha von Suttner. （ B） Ascanio Sobre
33、ro （ C） Alfred Nobel. （ D） Immanuel Nobel. 13 What was one problem of nitroglycerine? （ A） Office buildings could not be built using nitroglycerine. （ B） Transporting the compound from one factory to another took too much time. （ C） The compound was explosive and storing it safely was difficult. （ D
34、） Making dynamite from the compound was too expensive to make a profit. 14 Why was Bertha von Suttner awarded the 1905 Nobel Peace Prize? （ A） She encouraged the Nobel family to make as many patents as possible. （ B） She effected the change in Nobel s policy and had protests against war. （ C） She he
35、lped Alfred Nobel with many of his inventions. （ D） She was influential in the building of many laboratories in 90 countries. 15 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? （ A） The construction of bridges and tunnels became much more expensive. （ B） The original objective o
36、f dynamite was to help the Russian navy. （ C） Many people used nitroglycerine as a weapon in war. （ D） Alfred Nobel gave away prizes to specialists in six categories. 15 The concept of culture has been defined many times, and although no definition has achieved universal acceptance, most of the defi
37、nitions include three central ideas: that culture is passed on from generation to generation, that a culture represents a ready-made prescription for living and for making day-to-day decisions, and, finally, that the components of a culture are accepted by those in the culture as good, and true, and
38、 not to be questioned. The eminent anthropologist George Murdock has listed seventy-three items that characterize every known culture, past and present. The list begins with Age-grading and Athletic sports, runs to Weaning and Weather Control, and includes on the way such items as Calendar, Fire mak
39、ing, Property Rights, and Tool making. I would submit that even the most extreme advocate of a culture of poverty viewpoint would readily acknowledge that, with respect to almost all of these items, every American, beyond the first generation immigrant, regardless of race or class, is a member of a
40、common culture. We all share pretty much the same sports. Maybe poor kids dont know how to play polo, and rich kids dont spend time with stickball, but we all know baseball, football, and basketball. Despite some misguided efforts to raise minor dialects to the status of separate tongues, we all, in
41、 fact, share the same language. There may be differences in diction and usage, but it would be ridiculous to say that all Americans dont speak English. We have the calendar, the law, and large numbers of other cultural items in common. It may well be true that on a few of the seventy-three items the
42、re are minor variations between classes, but these kinds of things are really slight variations on a common theme. There are other items that show variability, not in relation to class, but in relation to religion and ethnic background funeral customs and cooking, for example. But if there is one pl
43、ace in America where the melting pot is a reality, it is on the kitchen stove; in the course of one month, half the readers of this sentence have probably eaten pizza, hot pastrami, and chow mein. Specific differences that might be identified as signs of separate cultural identity are relatively ins
44、ignificant within the general unity of American life; they are cultural commas and semicolons in the paragraphs and pages of American life. 16 According to the authors definition of culture,_. （ A） a culture should be accepted and maintained universally （ B） a culture should be free from falsehood a
45、nd evils （ C） the items of a culture should be taken for granted by people （ D） the items of a culture should be accepted by well-educated people 17 What can we learn from the passage? （ A） Baseball, football and basketball are popular sports in America. （ B） Different classes have different culture
46、s. （ C） Playing polo is popular among kids. （ D） There is no variation in using the American language. 18 It can be inferred that_will most probably be included in the seventy-three items. （ A） dialect （ B） polo （ C） dream patterns （ D） table manners 19 By saying that “they are cultural commas and s
47、emicolons .“ the author means that commas and semicolons_. （ A） can be interpreted as subculture of American life （ B） can be identified as various ways of American life （ C） stand for work and rest in American life （ D） are preferred in writing the stories concerning American life 20 The authors ma
48、in purpose in writing this passage is to_. （ A） prove that different people have different definitions of culture （ B） inform that variations exist as far as a culture is concerned （ C） indicate that culture is closely connected with social classes （ D） show that the idea that the poor constitute a
49、separate culture is an absurdity 大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 94答案与解析 Section C 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 1 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。短文第一段第五句指出 But what most concemed him was that thenumber of students considered“highly mobile” 即 Kriner Cash最担忧 的是高度流动的学生数量在急剧增加。故选项 D正确。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 2 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 细节题。根据短文第二段最后四句 Its 320 studentsAt 11 ： 30 every night， its lights out可知这些学生要遵守 SEED制定的一些规定。选项A、 B与原文表述不一致，可排除。选项 D在文中没有提及。故选 C。 【知识模块】 仔细阅读 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 细节题。由题干可定位至短文最后，联系上下文可知， It sounds veryexcitingdetails 中 it指的是前一句中 The schoo
