1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 1010及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Students Running an Online Shop. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1很多大学生在业余时间开网店 赚钱 2有人支持，有人反对 3我的看法 On Students Running an Online
2、 Shop 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in t
3、he passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Fight unhealthy food, not fat people Its hardly breaking news that junk food is bad for us. But just how bad and just how much food companies
4、 know about the addictive(添加剂 )components of certain foods, and just how much they deliberately target the most vulnerable consumers knowing they are doing damage is still being discovered. The New York Times offers the latest installment in this weekends magazine with an article about the science o
5、f junk food addiction. Nearly everything written about food in the mainstream media relies on the same narrative: Obesity is bad. That kind of reporting is part of whats keeping us sick. Theres no denying the fact that the American public has gotten larger in recent decades. Along with getting fatte
6、r, weve also seen a rise in illnesses like heart disease and certain cancers. Instead of focusing on how our health is hurting, most of the media coverage uses the term “ obesity,“ making the story more about weight than about health to the point where its become an accepted truth that “ fat“ equals
7、 “unhealthy“. Thats not actually the case, though. While “the obesity epidemic“ may be a convenient catch-all for the illnesses and health problems related to our food chain, its a lazy term and an inaccurate one. Are we actually worried about public health? Or are we offended by fat bodies that don
8、t meet our thin ideals? In all seriousness: What good does a focus on body size actually do? If were actually concerned about health, then we should focus on health. The addictive qualities of our food, the lack of oversight(监督 ), the high levels of chemicals and the government subsidies(补贴 )to make
9、 prices lower making the worst foods the most accessible should concern us and spur us to action. Nutrient-deficient(营养缺乏 )chemically-processed “food“ in increasingly larger sizes is bad for all of our bodies, whether were fat or thin or somewhere in between. So is the culture in which fast food is
10、able to thrive. Americans work more than ever before; we take fewer vacation days and put in longer hours, especially since the recession hit. The US remains the only industrialized country without national paid parental leave and without compulsory annual vacation time; we also have no federal law
11、requiring paid sick days. 85% percent of American men and 66% of women work more than 40 hours per week. In Norway, for comparison, 23% of men work more than 40-hour weeks, and only 7% of women. Despite all this work, American income levels remain remarkably divided into the poorest and the richest,
12、 with the richest few controlling nearly all of the wealth. In one of the wealthiest countries on earth, one in seven people rely on federal food aid, with most of the financial benefits going to big food companies who are also able to produce cheap, nutritionally questionable food thanks to agricul
13、tural subsidies. The prices of the worst foods are artificially depressed, the big food lobbies have enormous power, and the biggest loser is the American public, especially low-income folks who spend larger proportions of their income on food but face systematic impediments(妨碍 )to healthy eating an
14、d exercise. With demanding work days, little time off and disproportionate amounts of our incomes going toward things like health insurance and childcare that other countries provide at a lower cost, is it any surprise that we eat fast-food breakfast on our laps in the car and prefer dinner options
15、that are quick and cheap? Reforming our food system requires major structural changes, not just saying no to put down that bag of chips. We need to push back against corporate interests. Food companies are incredibly good at positing themselves as crusaders(拥护者 )for personal choice and entities simp
16、ly dedicated to giving the public what it wants. Somehow, big food companies have convinced us that drinking a 32oz soda is a matter of personal liberty, and that the government has no place in regulating how much liquid sugar can be sold in a single container. In fact, we know and they certainly kn
17、ow that human beings are remarkably bad at judging how much were eating. Food companies use that information to encourage over-consumption, and to target certain consumers who tend to have less disposable income to invest in healthy food poor people, people of color, kids. Food is a social justice i
18、ssue that has disproportionately negative impacts on groups already facing hardship. That should be an issue for every socially conscious person. But when looking at the large number of problems caused not only by our big food industry but by the policies that enable them and our cultural norms that
19、 incentivize poor health choices, too many people simply turn “ obesity“ into the boogeyman(具有超人力量的恶巫 ). Doctors even blame fatness for all sorts of medical conditions and people dont get proper treatment. Fat women go to the doctor less often for routine cancer screenings, and patients report docto
20、rs focusing on their weight and ignoring real medical problems like broken bones and asthma(哮喘 ). On the policy side, promoters of laws that incentivize health or push back on corporate food interests such as Michelle Obamas Lets Move! initiative, bans on extra-large sodas, and extra SNAP benefits a
21、t farmers markets inevitably target “ obesity“ in their campaigns. That strategy has the effect of maligning(诽谤 )the beauty of certain bodies instead of encouraging everyone to be healthier and countering the enormous influence of big companies. As a result, many people who should be the natural all
22、ies of health-promoting initiatives are put off by the shaming fat language. “Obesity epidemic“ language has also fed into the idea of body size and eating habits as social group. Thinner kale(甘蓝 ) eating elite liberals in the Northeast are trying to force-feed cabbage to heavier real Americans in t
23、he South and Midwest. No one wins with that kind of cultural polarization. Yes, lets push back against big food companies and question their outsized influence in Washington and in our daily lives, and lets focus on making healthy food more widely accessible. Lets realize that the challenges extend
24、beyond just what we eat. Lets fight for the humane(仁爱的 )work policies that will make us all healthier. But lets do that because public health is all of our concern, not because its culturally easy to point the finger at fat people. Giving every member of a society the chance to be as healthy as poss
25、ible is a moral good. It saves money and it saves lives. So lets do it the right way and the most effective way without lazily relying on the word “ obesity. “ 2 Whats the same idea in the articles about food in the mainstream media? （ A） Food companies are not responsible. （ B） Junk food is bad. （
26、C） Obesity is bad. （ D） Most consumers are vulnerable. 3 The word “obesity“ used by most media coverage shows they dont concern much about_. （ A） our health （ B） our food chain （ C） a rise in illnesses （ D） peoples overweight 4 What makes the worst foods the most obtainable? （ A） The obesity epidemi
27、c. （ B） The lack of healthy eating habit. （ C） The low chemical levels. （ D） The low price of such food. 5 Who is least likely to work more than 40 hours per week? （ A） Women in the US. （ B） Women in Norway. （ C） Men in the US. （ D） Men in Norway. 6 In America big food companies can produce cheap an
28、d doubtfully nutritious food because of_. （ A） agricultural subsidies （ B） the federal food aid （ C） the financial benefits （ D） the public will 7 To change our food system we need to fight against _. （ A） fast-food restaurants （ B） big food companies （ C） corporate interests （ D） the governments re
29、gulation 8 As a social justice problem, food negatively impact on groups who_. （ A） are socially conscious （ B） follow our cultural norms （ C） encourage over-consumption （ D） have a difficult life 9 The term “obesity epidemic“ has promoted the idea of body size and eating habits as_. 10 We should fi
30、ght against big food companies and concentrate on making healthy food_. 11 It is_to offer every member of a society the opportunity to be as healthy as they could. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, on
31、e or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） They are going to catch
32、 cats and dogs. （ B） It is raining heavily outside. （ C） The woman has to check the weather report. （ D） The man has to go to the post office. （ A） Move near her office. （ B） Change a job. （ C） Drive to work. （ D） Get up earlier. （ A） She took exercise in a gym. （ B） She was on a diet since last mon
33、th. （ C） She learned yoga in a gym. （ D） She had bought a running machine. （ A） He wants to go out with the woman. （ B） He has already watched the movie. （ C） Debbie cannot make a decision. （ D） Debbie may be willing to work for them. （ A） He knows the woman very well. （ B） He is a good driver. （ C）
34、 He is a helpful person. （ D） His home is miles away. （ A） He quite agrees with the woman. （ B） The shirts have been sold out. （ C） The woman is fashionably dressed. （ D） He is bored with shopping. （ A） Watch a movie with the man. （ B） Stay home for the weekend. （ C） Check her time schedule. （ D） Pr
35、epare for the exam. （ A） The man should behave himself. （ B） It is easy to handle a sad girl. （ C） Shirley likes eating ice cream. （ D） The man is angry with Shirley. （ A） She spoils her daughter so much in the daily life. （ B） She thinks there are many traps on the Internet. （ C） She balances the n
36、egative and positive sides of the Internet. （ D） She prefers to discipline her daughter to study hard. （ A） He normally practices oral English every day. （ B） He always speaks English with his best friend. （ C） He often practices English on the Internet. （ D） He gets many free materials about oral E
37、nglish. （ A） Talk more about Internet. （ B） Download QQ from the Internet. （ C） Chat in English on the Internet. （ D） Persuade more people to use Internet. （ A） Part of the dried mushrooms have begun to decay. （ B） The dried mushrooms didnt arrive on time. （ C） Part of the dried mushrooms werent ins
38、pected. （ D） The dried mushrooms are lost during the shipment. （ A） They are exported for years. （ B） They have good after-sale service. （ C） They are high-class products. （ D） They are well inspected before sale. （ A） The long period of shipment. （ B） The way to pack the goods. （ C） Some external c
39、onditions of goods. （ D） The improper way to dry the goods. （ A） He will further examine the cause of the problem. （ B） He will ensure the quality of the mushrooms. （ C） He will take action to change the goods. （ D） He will report the problem to his superiors. Section B Directions: In this section,
40、you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） People learn more about the problem of po
41、llution. （ B） Firms, individuals and governments make more efforts. （ C） Scientists analyze the underlying reasons of pollution. （ D） Litter and waste should be controlled at home. （ A） Resource wastes. （ B） A shortage of water. （ C） Poor public health. （ D） Food safety problems. （ A） By persuading
42、people to buy a lot of things in the sales promotion. （ B） By publicizing products with beautiful but useless packages. （ C） By informing people of carelessly disposing of useless products. （ D） By convincing people to buy what they dont need and throw them away. （ A） People quit their mother tongue
43、 but speak in other languages. （ B） Kids dont learn the local language of their parents any more. （ C） People stop talking to each other but writing it down. （ D） A unified language is widely used all over the world. （ A） The more powerful a culture is, the less minority languages it has. （ B） Cultu
44、re spreads out through the form of language. （ C） Language and culture of the ethnic minorities will be vanished. （ D） Languages come into being when culture becomes stronger. （ A） Many languages are in danger of dying off. （ B） Most of the worlds languages are not represented on the Internet. （ C）
45、Languages are closely related with the natural world. （ D） Languages contain precious local information and are culture-related. （ A） She wondered why many students didnt finish their work or seek help. （ B） She wanted to re-experience the college life as a student. （ C） She was appointed by the uni
46、versity ethics committee. （ D） She decided to do a project to research how the students are studying. （ A） It is difficult for students to get an average score. （ B） The students discuss and talk about their lives quite often. （ C） It is reasonable for students to take many classes in one semester.
47、（ D） The students have not enough time to care about their classes. （ A） Materials assigned by the teacher for reading. （ B） Materials directly related to discussion in class. （ C） Materials linked to the job-hunting in the future. （ D） Materials attractive to the students indeed. （ A） Her scoring c
48、riteria. （ B） Her reading speed. （ C） Her teaching style. （ D） Her personal desire. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time,
49、 you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Polar bears hunt seals from sea ice, but could drown if forced to swim long distances in open water. Satellite photos【 B1】 _by Americas space agency, NASA, illustrate the fearful【 B2】 _ to
