1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 1011及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled College Students in Talent Shows following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1现在很多大学生参加 “选秀 ”节目 2 “选秀 ”节目给他们带来了许多好处，
2、但也存在一些问题 3我的看法 College Students in Talent Shows 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statem
3、ent agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 How to Reinvent College Rankings: Show the Data Students Need Most All rankings are misleading and
4、biased(有偏见的 ). But theyre also the only way to pick a school. Ive heard those exact words dozens of times and inferred their sentiment hundreds more. They undoubtedly were a major contributing factor in the 250,000 applications to the top colleges this past year. With only 14, 000 chances available,
5、 there will be a lot of disappointed families when decisions are announced in a few days. For 30 years, Ive co-authored bestselling books and provocative articles about how to improve ones chances of being accepted at a “top“ college. The first edition of our book Getting In ! revealed what went on
6、behind the admission committees closed doors, and introduced the concepts of packaging and positioning to the college-application vocabulary. The newest edition adapts the same principles to the digital age. But the core message remains: good colleges are not looking for the well-rounded kidtheyre l
7、ooking to put together the well-rounded class. What were revelations in 1983 are common knowledge todayat least among college-bound students, parents, and counselors. They also dont have to be told that the odds of getting into a “highly selective“ school are ridiculously low. Brown and Dartmouth wi
8、ll each accept about 9 percent of applicants; Cornell, Northwestern, and Georgetown about 16 percent. And Harvard, Yale, and Stanford? Forget about it: less than 7 percent! Wanting to attend a “name“ school isnt illogical. And there is nothing illogical in parents wanting a better return on their in
9、vestment. A colleges brand valuewhether that schools name will be recognized and open employers door. Colleges, counselors, and parents talk a lot about finding the right “fit“ between a school and a student. In reality, the process is dominated by reputation. The problem is that college reputations
10、 have been controlled by rankings. Far too many “ highly ranked“ colleges are gaming the rankings and trying to attract more and more applicantswhen the particular college is actually a poor “fit“ for many of the kids applying. Colleges want to attract and reject more kids because that “selectivity“
11、 improves the institutions ranking. College presidents publicly complain there are too many college rankings. Privately, they admit they have to provide the data that feed that maw(大胃口 ). They cant afford to be left off a rankings list. The real losers in this system are students and their parents.
12、A bad fit is costly, not just in dollars, but in time, energy, and psychological well-being. The emphasis should be on finding the right fit. But finding the right fit is not easy. Subjective guidebooks like Edward Fiskesoriginally titled The New York Times Selective Guide to Collegesare very useful
13、 and consciously do not include rankings. Ted changed his three-category rating system to make it more difficult to simply add “ stars“ and rank-list colleges. Even families who can afford to visit lots of colleges and endure the backward-walking tours find that campus personalities soon blur in the
14、ir memory. Thus it is not surprising that anxious, busy parents turn to rankings for shorthand comfort. Unfortunately, the data that U. S. News and other media companies are collecting are largely irrelevant. As a result, the rankings they generate are not meaningless, just misleading. Some examples
15、: U. S. News places a good deal of emphasis on the percentage of faculty who hold a “terminal degree“typically a Ph. D. Unfortunately, a terminal degree does not correlate(相关的 )in any way with whether that professor is a good teacher. It also doesnt improve that professors accessibility to students.
16、 In fact, there is usually such a correlation: the more senior the professor, the less time they have for undergraduates. U. S. News second most heavily weighted factorafter a colleges six-year graduation rateis a peer assessment of colleges by college presidents and admissions deans. You read that
17、right; administrators are asked to evaluate colleges that are competitive with their own school. If not an complete conflict of interest, this measure is highly suspect. Even some seemingly reasonable “inputs“ are often meaningless. U. S. News heavily weights the number of classes with fewer than 20
18、 students. But small classes are like comfort food: it is what high-school kids are familiar with. They have never sat in a large lecture hall with a very interesting speaker. So it is not something they could look forward or value. While most rankings suffer from major problems in criteria(标准 )and
19、inputs, the biggest problem is simpler; all the ranking systems use weightings that reflect the editors personal biases. Very simply, some editors priorities are undoubtedly going be different from what is important to me. Assuredly, my preferences are different from my kids. And both will differ ma
20、rkedly from our neighbors objectives. Colleges say they truly want to attract kids for whom the school will be a good fit. To make good on that promise, colleges need to provide families with insight, not just information; and they need to focus on outputs, not just inputs. Collecting and sharing fo
21、ur sets of very different data would be a good start;Better insight into the quality of education a student will get on that campus. Colleges need to share the exam scores for all students applying to medical school, law school, business school, and graduate programs. These tests reflect not just th
22、e ability of the kids whove gone to that college, but what theyve learned in the three-plus years theyve attended.Colleges need to assess a campus “happiness“ coefficient(系数 ). A happy campus is a more productive learning environment; and one that has a lower incidence of alcohol and drug abuse.The
23、full debt that families incur(招致 ); not just student debt.The salaries of graduates one, five, and 10 years after graduation. A fifth useful metric is what employersboth nationally and regionallythink of graduates from particular colleges. Hiring preferences are a useful proxy(代表 )for reputation. Th
24、e last piece in enabling families to find a better fit will come from entrepreneurs. Some smart “ kid“ will develop an online tool that will allow students and parents to take this new college-reported data and assign weighting factors to the characteristics that are important to them. The tool woul
25、d then generate a customized ranking of colleges that reflects the familys prioritiesnot some editors. Colleges may complain about the rankings, but they are complicit(串通一气的 )in keeping them. It is reminiscent(怀旧的 )of the classic Claude Raines line in Casablanca; “Im shocked, shocked to find that ga
26、mbling is going on in here!“ If colleges really want kids for whom their college is a good fit, they will collect and publish the types of honest data that will give families a better basis for smart decisions. 2 According to the newest edition of the book Getting In, good colleges hope to_. （ A） fi
27、nd the well-rounded kid （ B） adapt to the digital age （ C） keep the admissions selective （ D） gather students for a well-rounded class 3 It is common knowledge for students, parents, and counselors that_. （ A） Cornell, Northwestern, and Georgetown are more popular than Brown and Dartmouth （ B） the p
28、ossibility to be enrolled by a highly selective school is faint （ C） only less than 7 percent students will apply for Harvard, Yale, and Stanford （ D） it is unreasonable for most students to want to attend a name school 4 Why do colleges wish to attract and reject more applicants? （ A） Because selec
29、tivity enhances the institutions ranking. （ B） Because a “name“ college always selects students like this. （ C） Because it indicates the colleges brand value. （ D） Because it helps the college to find the right fit. 5 The rankings generated on the basis of data collected by U. S. News and other medi
30、a companies are_. （ A） time saving （ B） misleading （ C） subjective （ D） meaningless 6 What is the negative side for a senior professor to teach undergraduates? （ A） Most senior professors do not allow a peer assessment. （ B） Few of senior professors have a Ph. D. degree. （ C） A senior professor may
31、have less time for undergraduates. （ D） A senior professor may be too old to be favoured by undergraduates. 7 The biggest problem of the ranking systems is that _. （ A） they follow various criteria （ B） they valued peer assessment too much （ C） the inputs are often meaningless （ D） they are biased b
32、y the editors personal view 8 What will reduce the rate of alcohol and drug abuse? （ A） The quality of education. （ B） A happy campus. （ C） Teaching programs. （ D） Learning environment. 9 The reputation of colleges can be represented by_, as it shows what employers think of the graduates from the co
33、llege. 10 The customized ranking of colleges generated by an online tool does not indicate some editors priorities but_. 11 If colleges do want to enroll suitable students, they will gather and publish honest data that will provide families with a_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will he
34、ar 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices m
35、arked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Go fishing. （ B） Entertain at home. （ C） Work at home. （ D） Have a rest. （ A） She is very tired of physics. （ B） She is too busy to work on chemistry. （ C） She hasnt got a chemistry partner yet. （ D） She prefers physics to chemistry. （ A
36、） He gets a sore throat in the meeting. （ B） He feels hard to recover. （ C） He is uneasy about his performance. （ D） He looks down on himself. （ A） Change his mind. （ B） Go swimming with others. （ C） Finish his book report. （ D） Answer his letters. （ A） She hasnt finished the reading. （ B） She doesn
37、t want to please anyone. （ C） She doesnt like the book. （ D） She would not hand in the report. （ A） Insist on a discount. （ B） Pick up some colleagues. （ C） Buy some fresh apple pies. （ D） Make a call to his co-worker. （ A） The man should work harder. （ B） The man can pass the course. （ C） The man s
38、hould have a try. （ D） The man must think twice. （ A） The woman will go for a ride around the town tomorrow. （ B） The woman has lent her car to her sister for tomorrow use. （ C） The man will drive his mother around town tomorrow. （ D） The man will go shopping in the supermarket tomorrow. （ A） The pi
39、cnic they will have on weekend. （ B） The forecast for the weather on weekend. （ C） The timetable of their plan on weekend. （ D） The suggestion for arrangement on weekend. （ A） Water is the only drink they can take. （ B） She thinks water is the best for health. （ C） Water is supposed to be readily av
40、ailable. （ D） The man required her to take some drink. （ A） Film like a professional. （ B） Prepare enough film. （ C） Take a class to learn photography. （ D） Fully charge the cameras battery. （ A） He feels uncomfortable. （ B） He has a stomachache. （ C） He suffers from sleeplessness. （ D） He has a poo
41、r appetite. （ A） A sandwich and a cup of coffee. （ B） A lot of meat. （ C） Vegetables and fruit. （ D） Vitamin pills. （ A） Because he has been eating properly. （ B） Because he has been working late for two weeks. （ C） Because he never takes medicine without doctors suggestion. （ D） Because he decides
42、to start running the next morning. （ A） Change lifestyle and give up coffee. （ B） Take a good rest and not stay up late. （ C） Drink more water and get adequate sleep. （ D） Have a healthy diet and take exercise. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each
43、 passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Shade of sunlight. （ B） Light pollution. （ C） Loss of sleep. （ D） Business competition. （ A
44、） Remove the lights above the apartment blocks. （ B） Turn the lights on late at night. （ C） Replace the lights with energy-saving ones. （ D） Turn the lights off earlier in the evening. （ A） To draw customers attention. （ B） To provide services and products at night. （ C） To decorate their shops. （ D
45、） To make the sky brighter. （ A） Family groups. （ B） Larger groups. （ C） Classmates groups. （ D） Friendship groups. （ A） People with excellent qualities. （ B） People with desire to be leaders. （ C） People with special personal ability. （ D） People with years of experience. （ A） They are more concern
46、ed with the group goals. （ B） They pay attention to the overall happiness of group members. （ C） They may punish group members who keep from achieving the goal. （ D） They tend to share responsibility with group members. （ A） It evolved from storytelling. （ B） It evolved from myths. （ C） It originate
47、d from ritual. （ D） It originated from folk story. （ A） They fought against them with special tools. （ B） They sought through various means to control them. （ C） They could do nothing but let them go uncontrolled. （ D） They could predict them and make them under control. （ A） Because the rituals cou
48、ld be performed anywhere. （ B） Because music, dance, masks and costumes were frequently used. （ C） Because the entire community participated. （ D） Because the performers were actors. （ A） They became hunters or battle fighters. （ B） They did what like an actor might do. （ C） They did what a wise man
49、 would do. （ D） They tried to predict future success. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, y
