1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 135及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 1. 人们每天都生活在压力之下 2所以说保持一个好的心情是十分重要的 3我的观点和原因 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage.
2、For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 Robot Cars to Do Battle in Desert Race When 15 co
3、mpetitors lined up in Nevada last year for the U.S. Defense Departments first million-dollar robot race, hopes were high. The challenge: to drive a vehicle without a human driver or remote control some 150 miles (241 kilometers) through the Mojave Desert. But those hopes quickly went up in a cloud o
4、f dust as most robots barely managed to get off the starting line. The best performer, a modified Humvee built by engineers at Pennsylvanias Carnegie Mellon University, traveled 7 miles (11 kilometers) before breaking down. To robot devotees (热爱者 ), however, it was a minor hiccup. No surprise, then,
5、 that 43 teams showed up to try out for this years race, dubbed (被称作 ) the Grand Challenge. For the past week, teams ranging from garage enthusiasts to well-funded university engineers have been fine-tuning their machines at qualifying rounds here at the California Speedway in Fontana, California. (
6、Watch the robots in action in our exclusive video.) Twenty-three finalists were announced Thursday for Saturdays Grand Challenge. The 175-mile (282-kilometer) course starts and finishes in Primm, Nevada. The race promises to be even tougher than last years run. But 18 months is an eternity in the ro
7、botics world, and the technology has vastly improved. Organizers believe several teams have a real shot of finishing the race in less than ten hours to earn the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars. “When the first team out of the Chute (斜道 )-Mojavaton, a small team out of Colorado-made it succes
8、sfully around the 2.2-mile (3.5-kilometer) qualification course, I knew right there and then that we had something special,“ said Ron Kurjanowicz, the chief of staff for the Pentagons Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is sponsoring the race. Unknown Course The aim of the Grand
9、 Challenge, Defense Department! officials say, is to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles that can operate in dangerous environments, such as war zones, keeping soldiers out of harms way. A U.S. Congress mandate (训令 ) requires that one-third of military ground vehicles drive themselves by
10、2015, but the technology to meet that mandate does not yet exist. So the government looked to enterprising teams to develop the technology for driverless vehicles, sweetening its offer with the two-million-dollar purse. None of the 23 teams knows what lies ahead for this years race. DARPA wont revea
11、l the exact route until two hours before the start of the race on Saturday. But the obstacles on the Fontana qualification course-including a steel-enforced tunnel that wipes out a vehicles global positioning system-are made to resemble the rugged, real-life conditions that the vehicles will have to
12、 navigate. The vehicles use sensors such as lasers, cameras, and radar to help them avoid obstacles such as rocks and cliffs. The computers brain has to figure out how to resolve unexpected conflicts, like a boulder sitting in the middle of the road. “Think about all the decisions that you and I hav
13、e to make when we drive from our house to the store,“ Kurjanowicz said. “These vehicles have to do the same thing, without a driver.“ Among the top contenders in Saturdays race is TerraMax, a massive truck originally built by the Wisconsin-based Oshkosh Truck Corporation for the U.S. Marine Corps. I
14、n last years race, TerraMax managed to go only 1.2 miles (2 kilometers). Team leader Gary Schmiedel expects to do much better this year. He pointed to the new all-wheel steering feature on the truck as an important addition. “We can move this large, 15-ton (13.5-metric ton) payload vehicle in a turn
15、 thats equivalent to that of a Humvee,“ he said. Ghostrider The resources of teams like TerraMax or Carnegie Mellon University, which has two vehicles in the race this year, are a far cry from those of some of the other competitors, including inventors, electricians, and even a high school team. One
16、 entry, from a Southern California team of engineers, racers, and hot-rodders, is called It Came From the Garage. It has a beer keg (小桶 ) stuck on the back and an on-offswitch that says “brain.“ “Most of the schools and organizations were up against are just accessorizing conventional vehicles,“ sai
17、d team leader Chris “C.J.“ Pedersen, a former actor. “Our vehicle is a custom-built, 21st-century hot plete with hood scoop and exhaust coming off the side.“ Anthony Levandowski, a robotics builder from Berkeley, California, is back with Ghostrider, the only motorcycle robot in the qualifications. S
18、tudded with sensors and computers, it toppled (翻倒 ) over after 3 feet (1 meter) in last years race. Levandowski, who had to postpone his graduate studies when he couldnt find a faculty advisor who believed it would be possible to build the motorcycle robot, says his vehicle has some distinct advanta
19、ges. “Were smaller and go a lot more places,“ he said while tinkering with the robot before another trial run. “Were also a lot less expensive. This bike costs as much as a tire or a wheel of some of these other guys machines.“ Smart Money Neither Ghostrider nor It Came From the Garage made the fina
20、l cut at this weeks qualifying races. However, another crowd-pleaser, Cajunbot-or the Ragin Cajun-a converted all-terrain vehicle developed by a team from the University of Louisiana in Lafayette, did. The smart money in Saturdays race may be on Stanley, a converted Volkswagen Touareg made by a team
21、 at Californias Stanford University. It was the only vehicle that didnt hit an obstacle in the trial runs. Even if none of the vehicles finishes the race this year, DARPAs Kurjanowicz said, the event has succeeded in galvanizing robotics developers and pushing the creation of new technologies. “The
22、beauty of the Grand Challenge is that it doesnt tell people how to solve the problem,“ he said. “The community has come up with its own elegant solutions.“ 2 The passage mainly describes the advantages and disadvantages of robot car races. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Last years robot race in Nevada was
23、a great success. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 It is a surprise that up to 43 teams came for this years race called the Grand Challenge. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The Pentagons Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is sponsoring the race. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The aim of the Grand Challenge is
24、 to spur development of autonomous ground vehicles. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Ghostrider and It Came From the Garage both made the final cut at this weeks qualifying races. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 TerraMax will finish the race and win the grand prize of two million U.S. dollars. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG
25、9 The obstacles on the Fontana qualification course are made to resemble the _ . 10 The only motorcycle robot in the qualifications is _ . 11 The only vehicle that didnt hit an obstacle in the trial runs is _ . Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long con
26、versations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which i
27、s the best answer. （ A） The man and woman study the same course. （ B） Jim lives nearer to the university than the man. （ C） The man lives nearer to the university than Jim. （ D） The man and woman live together. （ A） The bank. （ B） The car park. （ C） The lake. （ D） The office. （ A） 112. （ B） 117. （ C
28、） 132 （ D） 123 （ A） A long time, its a quiet area. （ B） Not long, its a busy area. （ C） 5 minutes. （ D） 30 minutes or so. （ A） She thinks she has broken her arm. （ B） She has an upset stomach. （ C） She thinks she has broken her leg. （ D） She has a bad cold. （ A） Because she has nothing else to do th
29、at evening. （ B） Because she likes the man. （ C） Because she has once read a book written by the man. （ D） Because she is interested in the topic of the lecture. （ A） A restaurant. （ B） A bar. （ C） A library. （ D） A classroom. （ A） The menu. （ B） The bill. （ C） The wine list. （ D） The special food o
30、f the day. （ A） Few things. （ B） Not many things. （ C） Plenty of choices. （ D） Nothing in his size. （ A） Blue. （ B） Green. （ C） White. （ D） Red. （ A） By credit card. （ B） With cash. （ C） With a cheque. （ D） He doesnt want to buy them. （ A） Steak. （ B） Chicken. （ C） Fish. （ D） Seafood. （ A） He got a
31、promotion. （ B） He got engaged. （ C） He got married. （ D） He cooked dinner. （ A） At the office. （ B） At school. （ C） At university. （ D） In the park. （ A） If he can cook her dinner. （ B） For a promotion. （ C） To marry him. （ D） For some more money. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hea
32、r 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） 31st December. （ B） 25th December. （ C） 1st January.
33、（ D） 25th November. （ A） Flowers. （ B） Fruit and nuts. （ C） Christmas trees. （ D） Rainbows and sunshine. （ A） Jesus Christ. （ B） Santa Claus. （ C） Father Christmas. （ D） Mary. （ A） History teacher. （ B） College professor. （ C） History writer. （ D） Campaign manager. （ A） Somewhere over the Atlantic.
34、（ B） Somewhere over the Pacific. （ C） Somewhere over New York. （ D） Somewhere over London. （ A） National Geographic Channel. （ B） HBO. （ C） BBC. （ D） History Channel. （ A） 4,000-5,000. （ B） 50-60,000. （ C） 500-600. （ D） 5,000-6, 000. （ A） The sun. （ B） The moon. （ C） Shadows. （ D） Sandals. （ A） Sun
35、clock. （ B） Hemicycle. （ C） Obelisk. （ D） Shadow clock. （ A） Half a year. （ B） Half a circle. （ C） A bicycle. （ D） Quarter of a circle. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general
36、 idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you
37、 have just heard or write down the 37 After retiring from 30 years of teaching, Ethbell Pepper could easily have decided to sit back and【 B1】 and enjoy a peaceful【 B2】 . But that kind of life is not for Ethbell pepper. “I just wanted to do something【 B3】 . If you are going to【 B4】 in life, do it. Do
38、nt just sit down and look out the window,“ said she. At 68, she decided to become one of the【 B5】 participants in a program at the University of California; The program offers【 B6】 housing and classes to people over sixty. She【 B7】 up for a class called Human Relationships and【 B8】 Society. “I taugh
39、t my minority students in my English and drama classes in a high school for 20 years. But in this course, I found out a lot about other cultures I didnt know then.【 B9】 .“ Older adults can add to the educational resources of the university by bringing with them a lot of valuable experience.【 B10】 .
40、Young students may have fears of growing older. But【 B11】 . The younger students can begin to see aging as a natural part of living. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten
41、 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a s
42、ingle line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 48 It seems you always forget-your reading glasses when you are rushing to work, your coat when you are going to the cleaners, your credit card when you are shopping. Such absent-mindedness may be【 S1】 to you
43、; now British and German scientists are developing memory glasses that record everything the【 S2】 sees. The glasses can play back memories later to help the wearer remember things they have forgotten such as where they left their keys. And the glasses also【 S3】 the user to “label“ items so that info
44、rmation can be used later on. The wearer could walk around an office or a factory identifying certain【 S4】 by pointing at them. Objects indicated are then given a【 S5】 label on a screen inside the glasses that the user then fills in. It could be used in【 S6】 plants by mechanics looking to identify m
45、achine parts or by electricians wiring a【 S7】 device. A spokesman for the project said: “A car mechanic for【 S8】 could find at a glance where a part on a certain car model is so that it can be identified and repaired. For the motorist the system could【 S9】 accident black spots or dangers on the road
46、.“ In other cases the glasses could be worn by people going on a guided tour,【 S10】 points of interest or by people looking at panoramas where all the sites could be identified. Aallow I user Binstance J complicated Cblank K white Dindustrial L annoying E frustrating M successful F items N articles
47、G indicating O simple H highlight 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】 52 【 S5】 53 【 S6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked
48、 A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 58 It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which ar
49、e brought into the present by memory. Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It not only includes “remembering“ things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up
