1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 13及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed to write a composition telling about your personal feeling of catching a cold. You should write at least 120 words. 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you
2、will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVE
3、N) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 On Friendship Few Americans remain in one place for a lifetime. We move from town to city to suburb, from high school to college in a different state, from a job in one region to a better job elsewhere, from the home where we raise our children to
4、 the home where we plan to live in retirement. With each move we are forever making new friends, who become part of our new life at that time. For many of us the summer is a special time for forming new friendships. Today millions of Americans vacation abroad, and they go net only to see new sights
5、but alsoin those places where they do not feel too strangewith the hope of meeting new people. No one really expects a vacation trip to produce a close friend. But surely the beginning of a friendship is possible? Surely in every country people value friendship? They do. The difficulty when stranger
6、s from two countries meet is not a lack of appreciation of friendship, butt different expectations about what constitutes friendship and how it comes into being. In those European countries that Americans are most likely to visit, friendship is quite sharply distinguished from other, more casual rel
7、ations, and is differently related to family life. For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more particularized and carries a heavier burden of commitment. But as we use the word, “friend“ can be applied to a wide range of relationshipsto someone one has known for a few weeks
8、 in a new place, to a close business associate, to a childhood playmate, to a man or woman, to a trusted confidant. There are real differences among these relations for Americansa friendship may be superficial, casual, situational or deep and enduring. But to a European, who sees only our surface be
9、havior, the differences are not clear. As they see it, people known and accepted temporarily, casually, flow in and out of Americans homes with little ceremony and often with little personal commitment. They may be parents of the childrens friends, house guests of neighbors, members of committee, bu
10、siness associates from another town or even another country. Coming as a guest into an American home, the European visitor finds no visible landmarks. The atmosphere is relaxed. Most people, old and young, are called by first names. Who, then, is a friend? Even simple translation from one language t
11、o another is difficult. “You see,“ a Frenchman explains, “if I were to say to you in France. This is my good friend, that person would not be as close to me as someone about whom I said only This is my friend. Anyone about whom I have to say more is really less.“ In France, as in many European count
12、ries, friends generally are of the same sex, and friendship is seen as basically a relationship between men. Frenchwomen laugh at the idea that “women cant be friends,“ but they also admit sometimes that for women “its a different thing.“ And many French people doubt the possibility of a friendship
13、between a man and a woman. There is also the kind of relationship within a groupmen and women who have worked together for a long time, who may be very close, sharing great loyalty and warmth of feeling. They may call one another copainsa word that in English becomes “friends“ but has more the feeli
14、ng of “pals“ or “buddies“. In French eyes this is not friendship, although two members of such a group may well be friends. For the French, friendship is a one-to-one relationship that demands a keen awareness of the other persons intellect, temperament and particular interests. A friend is someone
15、who draws out your own best qualities, with whom you sparkle and become more of whatever the friendship draws upon. Your political philosophy assumes more depth, appreciation of a play becomes sharper, taste in food or wine is accentuated, enjoyment of a sport is intensified. And French friendship a
16、re compartmentalized. A man may play chess with a friend for thirty years without knowing his political opinions, or he may talk politics with him for as long a time without knowing about his personal life. Different friends fill different niches in each persons life. These friendship are not made p
17、art of family life. A friend is not expected to spend evenings being nice to children or courteous to a deaf grand-mother. These duties, also serious and enjoined, are primarily for relatives. Men who are friends may meet in a cafe. Intellectual friends may meet in larger groups for evenings of conv
18、ersation. Working people may meet at the little bistro where they drink and talk, far from the family. Marriage does not affect such friendships; wives do not have to be taken into account. In the past in France, friendships of this kind seldom were open to any but intellectual women. Since most wom
19、ens lives centered on their homes, their warmest relations with other women often went back to their girlhood. The special relationship of friendship is based on what the French value moston the mind, on compatibility of outlook, on vivid awareness of some chosen area of life. Friendship heightens t
20、he sense of each persons individuality. Other relationships commanding as great loyalty and devotion have a different meaning. In World War I1 the first resistance groups formed in Paris were built on the foundation of Les copains. But significantly, as time went on these little groups, whose lives
21、rested in one anothers hands, called them selves “families“. Where each had a total responsibility for all, it was kinship ties that provided the model. And even to day such ties, crossing every line of class and personal interest, remain binding on the survivors of these small, secret bands. In Ger
22、many, in contrast with France, friendship is much more articulately a matter of feeling. Adolescents, boys and girls, form deeply sentimental attachments, walk and talk together-not so much to polish their wits as to share their hopes and fears and dreams, to form a common front against the world of
23、 school and family and to join in a kind of mutual discovery of each others and their own inner life. Within the family, the closest relationship over a lifetime is between brothers and sisters. Outside the family, men and woman find in their closest friends of the same sex the devotion of a sister,
24、 the loyalty of a brother. Appropriately, in Germany friends usually are brought into the family. Children call their fathers and their mothers friends “uncle“ and “ aunt“. Between French friends, who have chosen each other for the agreement of their point of view, lively disagreement and sharpness
25、of argument are the breath of life. But for Germans, whose friendships are based on mutuality of feeling, deep disagreement on any subject that matters to both is regarded as a tragedy. Like ties of kinship, ties of friendship are meant to be irrevocably binding. Young Germans who come to the United
26、 States have great difficulty in establishing such friendships with Americans. We view friendship more tentatively, subject to changes in intensity as people move, change their jobs, marry, or discover new interests. English friendships follow still a different pattern. Their basis is shared activit
27、y. Activities at different stages of life may be of very different kindsdiscovering a common interest in school, serving together in the armed forces, taking part in a foreign mission, staying in the same country house during a crisis. In the midst of the activity, whatever it may be, people fall in
28、to stepsometimes two men or two women, sometimes two couples, sometimes three peopleand find that they walk or play a game or tell stories or serve on a tiresome and exacting committee with the same easy anticipation of what each will do day by day or in some critical situation. Americans who have m
29、ade English friends comment that, even years later, “you can take up just where you left off.“ Meeting after a long interval, friends are like a couple who begin to dance again when the orchestra strikes up after a pause. English friendships are formed outside the family circle, but they are not, as
30、 in Germany, contrapuntal to the family nor are they, as in France, separated from the family. And a break in an English friendship comes not necessarily as a result of some irreconcilable difference of viewpoint or feeling but instead as a result of misjudgment, where one friend seriously misjudges
31、 how the other will think or feel or act, so that suddenly they are out of step. What, then, is friendship? Looking at these different styles, including our own, each of which is related to a whole way of life, are there common elements? There is the recognition that friendship, in contrast with kin
32、ship, invokes freedom of choice. A friend is someone who chooses and is chosen. Related to this is the sense each friend gives the other of being a special individual, on whatever grounds this recognition is based. And between friends there is inevitably a kind of equality of give and take. These si
33、milarities make the bridge between societies possible, and the Americans characteristic open ness to different styles of relationship makes it possible for him to find new friends abroad with whom he feels at home. 2 Americans are making new friends all the time and few Americans stay in one place f
34、or a lifetime. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 People in different countries have different expectations of what makes for friendship. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 For French people the best friendship is that between a roan and a woman. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 In France friendship is based on compatibility of o
35、utlook. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 In Germany ties of friendship are meant to be forever. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 English friendships come to an end when one friend seriously misunderstands the others feelings, point of view or actions. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 There are four common elements in friendsh
36、ip which make possible bridges between different people. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 For a Frenchman, a German or an Englishman friendship is usually more particularized and carries heavier 10 Friendship between _ people can be taken up again easily even if friends are separated for some time. 11 In _,
37、if a friend is complimented as a “good friend“, it usually means this friend is not as close to the person as a friend. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what
38、 was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） No one can find a supermarket. （ B） He helps people find a supermar
39、ket here. （ C） He has no idea where to find a supermarket. （ D） His family lives in this city. （ A） In a library. （ B） In a bookstore. （ C） In a classroom. （ D） In the womans home. （ A） A doctor. （ B） A salesman. （ C） A pharmacist. （ D） A librarian. （ A） He has a better idea. （ B） He wants to be inv
40、ited. （ C） It will depend on the weather. （ D） He is sure to go for an outing. （ A） Present a new book to the class. （ B） Read more than one book. （ C） Read the book more thoroughly. （ D） Read the book to the class. （ A） Jane knows practically everyone. （ B） Jane knows Karl isnt hard to be happy. （
41、C） Karl didnt order the right thing. （ D） Jane always knows exactly what to say. （ A） He disagrees with the woman. （ B） He prefers not to argue about it. （ C） He shares the womans opinion. （ D） He wasnt able to live in the hotel. （ A） Marcia looks good in everything. （ B） He knew someone who looked
42、like Marcia. （ C） He wishes he had a coat like Marcias. （ D） Marcia should get a new coat. （ A） The Defence Minister. （ B） The Energy Minister. （ C） The Prime Minister. （ D） The Science Minister. （ A） To complete the governments energy plans within two decades. （ B） To discuss the plans with the Opp
43、osition. （ C） To talk with anti -nuclear and environmentalist groups. （ D） To build more nuclear power stations. （ A） Nuclear power stations are not safe. （ B） Its too expensive to utilize nuclear power. （ C） The country has already a sufficient supply of electricity. （ D） Other sources of energy ar
44、e more readily available. （ A） This evening. （ B） Tomorrow morning. （ C） Tomorrow afternoon. （ D） Tomorrow evening. （ A） Because its the holiday season. （ B） Because the tickets are sold at a discount. （ C） Because only one or two flights are available each day. （ D） Because the other flights have b
45、een cancelled. （ A） Three. （ B） Four. （ C） Five. （ D） Six. （ A） The womans mother loves to cook, so she always cooks big, homemade meals. （ B） The mans family dine out a lot, because there are too many people to cook dinner for. （ C） The man has a brother who does translation work. （ D） The woman do
46、es not go home very often. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices ma
47、rked A, B, C and D. （ A） Americans life-style. （ B） Me-books. （ C） Do-it-yourself. （ D） Mind your own business. （ A） It publishes books with aid of computers. （ B） It only publishes childrens books. （ C） It “personalizes“ the books by having the computer make the reader the leading character in the
48、story. （ D） It publishes books written by oneself. （ A） To tell children how to learn to read. （ B） To love animals. （ C） To love life. （ D） To develop enthusiasm for reading and help a child to learn how to read. （ A） A person is doing a job which he likes very much. （ B） A person is doing a job wh
49、ich he doesnt like. （ C） A person is doing a job which he is not suited for. （ D） A person is doing a job which he thinks very important. （ A） Because it will make a person earn a lot of money. （ B） Because many people in the world dont want to be square pegs. （ C） Because good jobs make them happy. （ D） Because it will make full use of their talents. （ A） Businessmen, managers and accountants. （ B） Chemists, physicists and biologists. （ C） Governors, doctors and teachers. （ D） Engineers, public serv
