1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 152及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: To Be a Small Fish in a Big Pond or a Big Fish in a Small Pond? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1在大企业工作的特点 2在小企业工作的特点
2、 3我的选择 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in
3、the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Computer Crime A computer crime is generally defined as one that involves the use of computers and software for illegal purposes. This doesn
4、t mean that all the crimes are new types of crime. On the contrary, many of these crimes, such as embezzlement of funds, the alteration of records, theft, vandalism, sabotage, and terrorism, can be committed without a computer. But with a computer, these offenses can be carried out more quickly and
5、with less chance that the person responsible for the crime will be discovered. Computer crimes are on the rise and have been for the last twelve years. Just how much these computer crimes cost the American public is in dispute, but estimates range from $ 3 billion to $ 5 billion annually. Even the F
6、BI, which attempts-to keep track of the growth or decline of all kinds of crimes, is unable to say precisely how large a loss is involved; however, it estimates that the average take from a company hit by computer crime is $ 600,000. A number of reasons are given for the increase in computer crime:
7、(A) more computers in use and, thus, more people who are familiar with basic computer operation; (B) more computers tied together in satellite and other data-transmission networks; and (C) the easy access of microcomputers to huge mainframe data bases. The Criminal Movies and newspaper stories might
8、 lead us to believe that most computer crimes are committed by teenage “hackers“ brilliant and basically good children who let their imagination and technical genius get them into trouble. But a realistic look at the crimes reveals that the offender is likely to be an employee of the firm against wh
9、ich the crime has been committed, i. e an “insider“. Difficulty of Detection and Prevention Given the kind of person who commits a computer crime and the environment in which the crime occurs, it is often difficult to detect who the criminal is. First of all, the crime may be so complex that months
10、or years go by before anyone discovers it. Second, once the crime has been revealed, it is not easy to find a clear trail of evidence that leads back to the guilty party. After all, looking for “weapons“ or fingerprints does not occur as it might in the investigation of more conventional crimes. Thi
11、rd, there are usually no witnesses to the computer crime, even though it may be taking place in a mom filled with people. Who is to say if the person at the next terminal, calmly keying in data, is doing the companys work or committing a criminal act? Fourth, not enough people in management and law
12、enforcement know enough about computer technology to prevent the crimes. Authorities have to be familiar with the computers capabilities within a given situation to guard against its misuses. In some large cities, such as LosAngeles, police departments have set up specially trained computer crime un
13、its. But even when an offender is caught, the investigators, attorneys (律师 ), judges, or juries may find the alleged crime too complicated and perplexing to handle. More attorneys are specializing in computer law and studying the computers potential for misuse. After a computer crime has been discov
14、ered, many companies do not report it or prosecute (起诉 ) the person responsible. A company may not announce the crime out of fear that the pubic will find out the weaknesses of its computer system and lose confidence in its organization. Banks, credit card companies, and investment firms are especia
15、lly sensitive about revealing their vulnerabilities (脆弱性 ) because they rely heavily on customer trust. To avoid public attention, cautious companies will often settle cases of computer tampering out of court. And if cases do go to trial and the offenders are convicted, they may be punished only by
16、a fine or light sentence because the judge or jury isnt fully trained to understand the nature and seriousness of the crime. Not all companies are timid in apprehending computer criminals. For example, Connecticut General Life Insurance Company decided it had to get tough on violators. So when the c
17、ompany discovered that one of its computer technicians had embezzled $ 200,000 by entering false benefit claims, it presented it findings to the states attorney and aided in the prosecution of the technician. The technician was found guilty and sentenced to prison, not just for the computer misuse,
18、but also for grand theft and insurance fraud. Connecticut General now has a policy of reporting all incidents of theft or fraud, no matter how small. 2 The FBI knows exactly how large a loss is involved in computer crimes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 It has become easy for microcomputer owners to use hu
19、ge mainframe data bases. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 It is implied in the Paragraph 3 that most computer criminals are the employees of the concerned companies. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Many companies dont report computer crimes because law procedures against computer crimes usually cost a lot of money.
20、（ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 When computer crime takes place in a room filled with people, there arc usually many witnesses to the crime. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 The passage is mainly about the increase of computer crimes in America and the difficulties in combating computer crimes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG
21、 8 Computer crimes are on the rise because more cheap microcomputers are available. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 According to the passage, computer crimes has been on the rise for the last _ years. 10 Connecticut General Life Insurance company is cited as _ of companies that took serious measures to figh
22、t against computer crimes. 11 Banks, credit card companies, and investment firms are especially sensitive about revealing their vulnerabilities because they place too much reliance on _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end o
23、f each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A）
24、He couldnt sleep well bemuse of his illness. （ B） He slept for a while and studied a little. （ C） He didnt do anything in particular. （ D） He studied mathematics all night. （ A） In a kitchen. （ B） In a market. （ C） In a garden. （ D） At a picnic. （ A） The mans. （ B） Brians. （ C） The womans. （ D） His
25、brothers. （ A） His advisor. （ B） His partner. （ C） His customer. （ D） His boss. （ A） Its likely to last longer. （ B） It runs faster in long distances. （ C） It runs better than the used ear. （ D） Its probably a bigger car. （ A） The boys mother has had an accident. （ B） The boys mother doesnt know of
26、his condition. （ C） The boys mother is in serious condition. （ D） The boys mother has received the news. （ A） One dollar. （ B） One dollar and 5 cents. （ C） 75 cents. （ D） 80 cents. （ A） She accepts it. （ B） She tells him to decide for himself. （ C） She rejects it. （ D） She will think about it. （ A）
27、They can raise ones blood pressure. （ B） They are not acceptable to most people. （ C） They can cause heart attack. （ D） They can damage arm muscles. （ A） By talking to an expert. （ B） By attending an exercise class. （ C） By reading an article. （ D） By listening to the radio. （ A） Exercising the enti
28、re body. （ B） Losing weight prior to exercise. （ C） Having your blood pressure taken. （ D） Breathing deeply before each exercise. （ A） How many people there were in the town. （ B） Whether the poor people really needed his help. （ C） If the roads of the village were in need of repair. （ D） If the peo
29、ple of the town were worthy of his help. （ A） Most people passed the stone as if nothing had happened. （ B） Most people did nothing but complain. （ C） Most people tried to move the stone away. （ D） Most people fell against the stone. （ A） He was very clever. （ B） He was very strong. （ C） He was hone
30、st. （ D） He was foolish. （ A） Disadvantages of tall buildings. （ B） Modem elevators. （ C） The Crystal Palace Exhibition. （ D） The invention of the elevator. （ A） They were driven by steam engines. （ B） They were pulled by animals or humans. （ C） They were pulled by riders themselves. （ D） There were
31、 totally unusable. （ A） Steel cables. （ B） Guide rails. （ C） An open carriage. （ D） Strong ropes. （ A） About a contest. （ B） About a course. （ C） About a meeting. （ D） About a party. （ A） Join a music group. （ B） Write music for the group. （ C） Direct the music group. （ D） Watch a musical performanc
32、e. （ A） She is the director of the group. （ B） She is playing the violin. （ C） She is playing the piano. （ D） She is playing the bass. （ A） David has little interest in music. （ B） He has not played the violin for a long time. （ C） David has met Miss Hanson before. （ D） He is a very good violin play
33、er. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A
34、） An automobile collision. （ B） The noise of a crowd. （ C） An air crash. （ D） An explosion. （ A） To prevent the lookers-on from getting near. （ B） To protect the injured men. （ C） To let the fire engines and ambulances pass. （ D） To check the leaking gas pipe. （ A） Most victims were rescued successf
35、ully. （ B） Someone in the firm was to blame for the explosion. （ C） The firemen were very brave. （ D） The press reporter arrived too late to interview anyone. （ A） Do extra work if necessary. （ B） Clean the spark plugs only. （ C） Change the spark plugs only. （ D） Charge her more than 10 if necessary
36、. （ A） The repairman had finished cleaning the plugs. （ B） The repairman had just started working on her car. （ C） The repairman had lost the old plug. （ D） The repairman had changed the plug. （ A） Bemuse she had them put in only a few months ago. （ B） Because she wanted to save the new ones for fut
37、ure use. （ C） Because she liked worn-out pings. （ D） Because she got them well cleaned. （ A） In 1959. （ B） In 1896. （ C） In 1867. （ D） In 1872. （ A） A foolish thing. （ B） Johnsons Folly. （ C） Sewards Folly. （ D） Presidents Foolishness. （ A） Because it is hard to find natural resources. （ B） Because
38、it is hopeless to find natural resources. （ C） Because it is poor in natural resources. （ D） Because it is rich in natural resources. （ A） To study its importance in war. （ B） To enjoy its freezing weather. （ C） To study its volcanoes. （ D） To enjoy its beauty of nature. Section C Directions: In thi
39、s section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For bla
40、nks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 42 On the night of the play, Albert was already made-up and【 B1】 _ in his policemans uniform long before the end of the first act
41、. He【 B2】 _ looked the part all right, he thought as he【 B3】 _ himself in the mirror. He even wondered if he should go out into the street to see what【 B4】 _ he made on people out there Just for a joke, of course! Then he was seized with a sudden attack of stage fright(怯场 ). How could he face all th
42、ose people in the【 B5】 _ ? He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines. He had only a very small part, but his mind was a complete【 B6】 _ . A knock on the door made him look up. He felt really【 B7】 _ . He was due to go on【 B8】 _ in the second act. Had he missed his entrance and ruin
43、ed the play for everybody? But it was only the producer, who noticed what a state he was in.【 B9】_ , so that he could watch the play and follow in his script at the same time.【 B10】 _ . She was right, it seemed to work. In fact,【 B11】 _ . And he. began to feel himself part of it. Soon it was time fo
44、r him to act on the stage. As it turned out, he felt quite at ease and acted his part perfectly well. 43 【 B1】 44 【 B2】 45 【 B3】 46 【 B4】 47 【 B5】 48 【 B6】 49 【 B7】 50 【 B8】 51 【 B9】 52 【 B10】 53 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to se
45、lect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center.
46、You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 53 Culture shock is so named because of the effect it has on people when they enter a new culture. Experts have been interested in these effects and have agreed on five basic stages of culture shock. These stages are general and should onl
47、y be used as a reference. Not every individual will go through each stage, and one stage may last longer than another for different individuals. The hardest thing for most travelers to deal with is the emotional “roller coaster“ they seem to be riding. One moment they feel very positive toward the n
48、ew culture, and the next moment very negative. It seems common that international visitors and immigrants vacillate (犹豫不定 ) between loving and hating a new country. Feelings of separation and alienation can be intensified if they do not have a sense of fitting in or belonging. Fatigue is another pro
49、blem people face when entering a new culture. There can be a sense era greater need for sleep. This is due not only to physical tiredness, but also to mental fatigue. This mental fatigue comes from straining to comprehend the language, and coping with new situations. The impact of culture shock can vary from person to person. There can be significant differences because some people may be better prepared to enter a new culture. Four factors which play in
