1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 173及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Keeping Our City Clean. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below: 1城市无论大小都应该保持清洁 2保持城市清洁不是一件容易的
2、事 3为了保持城市的清洁，我们的政府做了大量的工作 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the in
3、formation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A triumph for scientific freedom This weeks Nobel Prize winners in medicineAustralians Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin War
4、ren toppled the conventional wisdom in more ways than one. They proved that most ulcers were caused by a lowly bacterium, which was an outrageous idea at the time. But they also showed that if science is to advance, scientists need the freedom and the funding to let their imaginations roam. Lets sta
5、rt with the Nobel pairs gut instincts. In the late 1970s, the accepted medical theory was that ulcers were caused by stress, smoking, and alcohol. But when pathologist Warren cranked up his microscope to a higher-than-usual magnification, he was surprised to find S-shaped bacteria in specimens taken
6、 from patients with gastritis. By 1982, Marshall, only 30 years old and still in training at Australias Royal Perth Hospital, and Warren, the more seasoned physician to whom he was assigned, were convinced that the bacteria were living brazenly in a sterile, acidic zonethe stomachthat medical texts
7、had declared uninhabitable. Marshall and Warrens attempts to culture the bacteria repeatedly failed. But then they caught a lucky breaker rather, outbreak. Drug-resistant staph was sweeping through the hospital. Preoccupied with the infections, lab techs left Marshalls and Warrens petri dishes to la
8、nguish in a dark, humid incubator over the long Easter holiday. Those five days were enough time to grow a crop of strange, translucent microbes. Marshall later demonstrated that ulcer-afflicted patients harbored the same strain of bacteria. In 1983, he began successfully treating these sufferers wi
9、th antibiotics and bismuth (the active ingredient in Pepto-Bismol). That same year, at an infectious disease conference in Belgium, a questioner in the audience asked Marshall if he thought bacteria caused at least some stomach ulcers. Marshall shot back that he believed bacteria caused all stomach
10、ulcers. Those were fighting words. The young physician from Perth was telling the fields academically pedigreed experts that they had it all wrong. “It was impossible to displace the dogma,“ Marshall explained to me in a jaunty, wide-ranging conversation several years ago. “Their agenda was to shut
11、me up and get me out of gastroenterology and into general practice in the outback.“ At first, Marshall couldnt produce the crowning scientific proof of his claim: inducing ulcers in animals by feeding them the bacterium. So in 1984, as he later reported in the Medical Journal of Australia. “a 32-yea
12、r-old man, a light smoker and social drinker who had no known gastrointestinal disease or family history of peptic ulceration“a superb test subject, in other words“ swallowed the growth from a flourishing three-day culture of the isolate.“ The volunteer was Marshall himself, Five days later, and for
13、 seven mornings in a row, he experienced the classic and unpretty symptoms of severe gastritis. Helicobacter pylori have since been blamed not only for the seething inflammation ,of ulcers but also for virtually all stomach cancer. Marshalls antibiotic treatment has replaced surgery as standard care
14、. And the wise guy booed off the stage at scientific meetings has just won the Nobel Prize. What does all this have to do with scientific freedom? Today, US government funding favors “hypothesis-driven“ rather than “hypothesis-generating“ research. In the former, a scientist starts with a safe suppo
15、sition and conducts the experiment to prove or disprove the idea. “If you want to get research funding; you better make sure that youve got the experiment half done,“ Marshall told me. “You have to prove it works before theyll fund you to test it out.“ By contrast, in hypothesis-generating research,
16、 the scientist inches forward by hunch, gathering clues and speculating on their meaning. The payoff is never clear. With todays crimped science budgets and intense competition for grants, such risky research rarely gets funded. Proceeding on intuition, Mar- shall told me, “is a luxury that not many
17、 researchers have.“ It helps, he added, to be an outsider. “The people who have got a stake in the old technology arc never the ones to embrace the new technology. Its always someone a bit on the periphery-who hasnt got anything to gain by the status quowho is interested in changing it.“ 2 This week
18、s Nobel Prize winners in medicine proved that most ulcers were caused by a lowly bacterium, （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 In the late 1970s, the accepted medical theory was that ulcers were caused by stress, smoking, and alcohol, （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In 1983, Warren began successfully treating sufferer
19、s with antibiotics and bismuth. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Chinese scientists will win the Nobel Prize soon. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 At first, Marshall couldnt produce the crowning scientific proof of his claim. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Mars rolls antibiotic treatment has replaced surgery as standard ca
20、re. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 In hypothesis-driven research, the scientist inches forward by hunch, gathering clues and speculating on their meaning. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 If science is to advance, scientists need the _ and the _ to let their imaginations roam. 10 Marshall and Warrens attempts to _
21、repeatedly failed. 11 Today, US government funding favors _ rather than _ research. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and
22、 the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） 35. （ B） 36. （ C） 34. （ D） 40. （ A） Uncle and niece. （ B） Aunt and nephew. （ C） Cousins. （ D） Father an
23、d daughter. （ A） She had an accident. （ B） She wants to go to a foreign country to learn its language. （ C） Andrew is a native speaker of English. （ D） Andrew speaks English quite well. （ A） To help her solve the problem. （ B） To make an arrangement. （ C） To deal with the hardest problem first. （ D）
24、 To handle the most important problem first. （ A） She has not enjoyed a good film for long. （ B） She seems reluctant to see the film. （ C） She believes the film if not worth seeing. （ D） She has seen Titanic. （ A） She doesnt like playing cards. （ B） She has something else to do this evening. （ C） Sh
25、e doesnt feel like playing cards this evening. （ D） She is in a bad mood. （ A） She thinks it is unacceptable that the man have damaged her plastic flowers. （ B） She wants to get rid of these flowers sooner. （ C） She means to offer a polite reply to the mans apology. （ D） She doesnt mind it at all. （
26、 A） They are talking over the meal. （ B） The man is English, but the woman is not. （ C） The man isnt English but the woman is. （ D） They are talking about British peoples behavior at breakfast. （ A） Shanghai. （ B） Beijing. （ C） Tianjin. （ D） Guangzhou. （ A） The technical manager. （ B） The sales mana
27、ger. （ C） The laboratory manager. （ D） The operation manager. （ A） Production manager. （ B） Lab manager. （ C） Sales manager. （ D） Quality control manager. （ A） How to improve transportation. （ B） The best transportation facilities. （ C） A comparison between railway and airplane. （ D） Transportation
28、in China. （ A） Not comfortable. （ B） Rather crowded and slow. （ C） Interval is long. （ D） Cannot reach suburban areas. （ A） By buses. （ B） By private cars. （ C） By rail. （ D） By air. （ A） Cultural differences and communication. （ B） Language and communication. （ C） Intercultural communications. （ D）
29、 Three prerequisites of successful communication between cultures. （ A） About taking up a sport. （ B） About favorite tennis teams. （ C） About obtaining a pair of shoes. （ D） About joining a sports club. （ A） They dont help sports players at all. （ B） They dont live up to their fame. （ C） They may be
30、 comfortable but axe too expensive. （ D） They are good for track and field sports but not for ball games. （ A） He and his friends have never worn Adidas. （ B） Adidas is only for great sports players like the Chicago Bulls. （ C） Adidas helps sports players do better. （ D） He has always wanted to wear
31、 Adidas shoes. （ A） He thinks Adidas would cost him quite a lot of money. （ B） He thinks Joyce will be running frequently. （ C） He doesnt think the shoes will help Joyce to play better. （ D） He doesnt think Joyce will play sports for long. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short
32、 passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The environmentalists. （ B） The businessmen. （ C） The ordinary
33、 citizen. （ D） None of the above. （ A） There is no greenhouse gas now, since it has been well under control. （ B） Now the production of CFCs used in refrigerators is only one third of that in the mid- 1980s. （ C） Oxides of sulfur can lead to acid rain and smog. （ D） The amount of lead, soot and carb
34、on monoxide that are sent out has been reduced sharply. （ A） Make long road or rail tunnels safer. （ B） Make long road or rail tunnels easier. （ C） Make long road or rail tunnels quicker. （ D） Make long road or rail tunnels more efficient. （ A） 41. （ B） 410. （ C） 14. （ D） 214. （ A） It runs on a mono
35、rail. （ B） It can move on a monorail suspended from the roof of the tunnel. （ C） It is in position in the middle of the tunnel, （ D） It can take quick action. （ A） Detect the smoke quickly. （ B） Take quick action. （ C） Close the tunnel. （ D） Install a Robogat. Section C Directions: In this section,
36、you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbere
37、d from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 I love traveling by train. Fast 【 B1】 _ slow local trains which stops at every station, 【 B2】 _ trains taking business men to their offic
38、es and home again; 1 enjoy them all. It must be the element of romance that 【 B3】 _ to me. There is no romance in a car on a motorwaya box of metal and rubber on a strip of 【 B4】 _ or in flying through the air in a pressurized tube from one 【 B5】 _ plastic and glass airport to another. But trains ar
39、e different. You can walk around, look at the 【 B6】_ observe your fellow 【 B7】 _ . In a plane, all you can see are the clouds and the backs of other peoples head. Yes, traveling by train is still an 【 B8】 _ , even in England. You try to interpret the timetable, persuade the booking-office clerk to s
40、ell you a ticket and 【 B9】 _ Then theres that delightful uncertainty as 【 B10】 _ . Abroad, of course, its even more exciting, particularly in those countries which forget to put names on their railway stations. Not only are you never certain you are on the right train, 【 B11】 _ . 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 3
41、9 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
42、47 Old age and seniority alone do net command authority among the British: in fact modem life bas been developing so fast that old people often appear tiresome and out of date. Thus, “We need some young blood“ is often heard in the organizations where the energy and modern methods of younger men are
43、 felt to be more likely to succeed than the long but partly irrelevant experience of older ones. The wisest of the older generation realize this. They either make an effort to remain young in heart and keep pace with the time, or else they let younger men take their place. It follows that mature Bri
44、tish have no desire to grow old or to look older than they are. Women especially, for reasons of sexual attraction, long to “stay young“, and there is no greater compliment to a mature woman than to be told “How young you look!“ On the other hand, if a womans hairstyle, make-up and clothes reveal an
45、 obvious effort to look artificially young, she is said to “look common“, and is regarded with disapproval. 48 What can be the best title of this selection? 49 What do the wisest of the older generation do to keep pace with the times according to the selection? 50 Why do British women, especially, l
46、ong to stay young? 51 Whats the greatest compliment to a woman in Britain based on the selection? 52 Why de old age and seniority alone not command authority among the British? Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each bla
47、nk from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the
48、 words in the bank more than once. 52 As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving unsteadily through the air, and although the passengers had fastened their seat belts, they were suddenly【 S1】 _ forward. At that moment, the air-hostess【 S2】 _
49、 . She looked very pale, but was quite calm. Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper, she【 S3】 _ everyone that the pilot had【 S4】 _ and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines or at least how to drive a car. After a moments【 S5】 _ , a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilots cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the【 S6】 _ instruct
