1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 211及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled Colleges Have Opened Their Doors Wider. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 高校扩招是一件好事； 2. 高校扩招可能会带来的一些问题； 3. 我的观点。 二、 Part
2、II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N
3、(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 The Early History of Harvard University Harvard University, which celebrated its 350th anniversary in 1986, is the oldest institution of higher learning in
4、 the United States. Founded 16 years after the arrival of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, the University has grown from nine students with a single master to an enrollment of more than 18,000 degree candidates, including undergraduates and students in 10 principal academic units. An additional 13,000 stud
5、ents are enrolled in one or more courses in the Harvard Extension School. Over 14,000 people work at Harvard, including more than 2,000 faculty. There are also 7,000 faculty appointments in affiliated teaching hospitals. Seven presidents of the United States-John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Theodore a
6、nd Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Rutherford B. Hayes, John Fitzgerald Kennedy and George W. Bush-were graduates of Harvard. Its faculty have produced more than 40 Nobel laureates. Harvard College was established in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony and was name
7、d for its first benefactor, John Harvard of Charlestown, a young minister who, upon his death in 1638, left his library and half his estate to the new institution. Harvards first scholarship fund was created in 1643 with a girl from Ann Radcliffe, Lady Mowlson. During its early years, the College of
8、fered a classic academic course based on the English university model, but consistent with the prevailing Puritan philosophy of the first colonists. Although many of its early graduates became ministers in Puritan congregations throughout New England, the College was never formally affiliated with a
9、 specific religious denomination. An early brochure, published in 1643, justified the Colleges existence: “To advance Learning and perpetuate it to Posterity; dreading to leave an illiterate Ministry to the Churches.“ New Schools and New Houses The 1708 election of John Leverett, the first president
10、 who was not also a clergyman, marked a turning of the College toward intellectual independence from Puritanism. As the College grew in the 18th and 19th centuries, the curriculum was broadened, particularly in the sciences, and the College produced or attracted a long list of famous scholars, inclu
11、ding Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, James Russell Lowell, William James, the elder Oliver Wendell Holmes, Louis Agassiz, and Gertrude Stein. Charles W. Eliot, who served as president from 1869 to 1909, transformed the relatively small provincial institution into a modem university. During his tenure, t
12、he Law and Medical schools were revitalized, and the graduate schools of Business, Dental Medicine, and Arts and Sciences were established. Enrollment rose from 1,000 to 3,000 students, the faculty grew from 49 to 278, and the endowment increased from 2.3 million to 22.5 million. It was under Eliots
13、 watch that Radcliffe College was established. In the 1870s a group of women closely linked to Harvard faculty were exploring ways to make higher education more accessible to women. One of this group, Stella S. Gilman, was married to historian and educator Arthur Gilman. In 1878, at the urging of hi
14、s wife, Gilman proposed the foundation of a college for women to President Eliot. Eliot approved, and seven women were chosen to design the new institution. Among them were Stella Gilman, Alice Mary “Grave Alice“ Longfellow, a daughter of the famous poet, and Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, the widow of ren
15、owned naturalist Louis Agassiz. In 1879, the “Harvard Annex“ for womens instruction by Harvard faculty began operations. And in 1894 the Annex was chartered by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as Radcliffe College, with Elizabeth Cary Agassiz as its first president. Under Harvard President A. Lawre
16、nce Lowell (1909-33), the undergraduate course of study was redesigned to ensure students a liberal education through concentration in a single field with distribution of course requirements among other disciplines. Today, 51 fields of concentration are offered to Harvard College students. The tutor
17、ial system, also introduced by Lowell and still a distinctive feature of Harvard education, offers undergraduates informal specialized instruction in their fields. One of Lowells most significant accomplishments was the House Plan, which provides undergraduates with a small-college atmosphere within
18、 the larger university. After being housed in or near Harvard Yard during freshman year, students go to one of 12 Houses in which to live for the remainder of their undergraduate careers. (A 13th House is designed for nonresident students.) Each House has a resident master and a staff of tutors, as
19、well as a dining hall and library, and maintains an active schedule of athletic, social, and cultural events. Recent presidents James Bryant Conant, Nathan M. Pusey, Derek Bok, and Neil L. Rudenstine each made significant contributions toward strengthening the quality of undergraduate and graduate e
20、ducation at Harvard while, at the same time, maintaining the Universitys role as a preeminent research institution. Conant (1933-53) introduced a system of ad hoc committees from outside the University to evaluate tenure candidates being considered for faculty positions. Conant also initiated the Ge
21、neral Education Program to give undergraduates breadth in fields outside their major study. And it was under Conant, in 1943, that Harvard and Radcliffe signed an agreement allowing women students into Harvard classrooms for the first time. Under Pusey (1953-71), Harvard undertook what was then the
22、largest fundraising campaign in the history of American higher education, the 82.5 million Program for Harvard College. The Program strengthened faculty salaries, broadened student aid, created new professorships, and expanded Harvards physical facilities. A similar but greatly expanded fundraising
23、effort, the Harvard Campaign (1979-84), was conducted under the leadership of Derek Bok (1971-91) and raised 356 million by the end of 1984. Some of the important educational initiatives Bok undertook include: reform of the undergraduate course of study through the innovative Core Curriculum, the in
24、troduction of graduate programs crossing traditional borders of professional disciplines, new approaches to the training of lawyers and doctors, and a renewed emphasis on the quality of teaching and learning at all levels. A 1977 agreement delegated responsibility for the education of undergraduate
25、women to the College. Nell L. Rudenstine, Harvards 26th president, served from 1991-2001. As part of an overall effort to achieve greater coordination among the Universitys schools and faculties, Rudenstine set in motion an intensive process of University-wide academic planning, intended to identify
26、 some of Harvards main intellectual and programmatic priorities. In 1999, he announced the launch of a major new venture in interdisciplinary learning, the Radcliffe Institute of Advanced Study, created through the merger of Radcliffe College with Harvard. During his tenure Rudenstine worked to sust
27、ain and build federal support for university-based research. Under his leadership, Harvards federally sponsored research grew to a projected $320 million in 2000, up from 200 million in 1991. Rudenstine also stressed the Universitys commitment to excellence in undergraduate education, the importance
28、 of keeping Harvards doors open to students from across the economic spectrum, the task of adapting the research university to an era of rapid information growth, and the challenge of living together in a diverse community committed to freedom of expression. The Universitys recent successful capital
29、 campaign, which raised 2.6 billion, has allowed the University to take meaningful steps toward those goals, such as increasing both undergraduate and graduate student financial aid, embarking on new construction projects to provide cutting-edge facilities for study and research, and endowing new ch
30、airs and professorships to ensure Harvard continues to attract top faculty. 2 It is known to all that Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President of the United States, graduated from Harvard. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 According to the passage, the Harvard University was named after a young minister John Harva
31、rd who, upon his death, left his library and half his estate to the institution two years after its establishment. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The College curriculum became independent from Puritan philosophy ever since John Leverett became the president because he was the first non-clergyman president.
32、 （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 It is under the Eliots tenure of Harvard that the first college for women Radcliffe College was founded. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The House Plan, introduced by James Bryant Conant, provides undergraduates with a small-college atmosphere within the larger univeristy. （ A） Y （
33、B） N （ C） NG 7 Under the leadership of Derek Bok, the Harvard conducted the reform of undergraduate course through the Core Curriculum. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 In order to promote interdisciplinary learning, the Harvards 26th president Neil L. Rudenstine announced in 1999 the foundation of Radcliffe
34、 Institute of Advanced Study, which was created through the merger of Radcliffe College with Harvard. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Harward University was founded in _, 16 years after the arrival of Pilgrims at Plymouth. 10 Harvard President A. Lawrence Lowell has introduced the _ system which offers unde
35、rgraduates informal specialized instruction in their fields and now it is still a distinctive feature of Harvard education. 11 In 1943, when _ was the president, Harvard and Radcliffe signed an agreement allowing women students into Harvard classrooms for the first time. Section A Directions: In thi
36、s section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must r
37、ead the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Laurie failed to go to attend the party. （ B） The woman gave a successful party yesterday. （ C） Peter regretted inviting the woman to the party. （ D） The man reminded the woman about the party. （ A） At two oclock. （
38、 B） At four oclock. （ C） At six oclock. （ D） At eight oclock. （ A） It is too dark. （ B） Its strange to wear in the office. （ C） The jacket and the pants dont match. （ D） The suit is really light for cold weather. （ A） Go to the movie. （ B） Work with his Italian boss. （ C） Hold an important meeting.
39、（ D） Have a dinner with a customer. （ A） People are too noisy. （ B） The show is very boring. （ C） The room is too small for the audience. （ D） The play is difficult for him to understand. （ A） Feeling better now. （ B） Staying in a hospital. （ C） Talking about the mans mother. （ D） Doing an operation
40、 on a patient （ A） The woman went to many different stores. （ B） Both the speakers shopped all over the town. （ C） The books the woman bought were expensive. （ D） The woman asked the man to wait for him longer. （ A） He wrapped the gift. （ B） He paid by check. （ C） He left without paying. （ D） He bou
41、ght something by credit card. （ A） A teacher of English in Cambridge. （ B） A specialist in computer science. （ C） A consultant to a Scottish company. （ D） A British tourist to China. （ A） With an English family. （ B） In a flat near the college. （ C） With a language teacher. （ D） In a student dormito
42、ry. （ A） Some things cannot be learned from books. （ B） Foreign students are very much alike. （ C） Choice of where to live varies from person to person. （ D） Convenience is his first consideration in choosing where to live. （ A） A whole day. （ B） Three or four full hours. （ C） Six or eight full hour
43、s. （ D） Three or four days. （ A） By reading more and more difficult materials. （ B） By selecting suitable reading materials. （ C） By reading very difficult materials. （ D） By reading a lot of novels. （ A） They focus their attention on their reading. （ B） They decide how much they will try to read. （
44、 C） They make a plan for the time spent on reading. （ D） They summarize the main idea of their reading and write it down. （ A） Children dont get enough education in safety. （ B） Children are keen on dangerous games. （ C） The playgrounds are in poor condition. （ D） The playgrounds are overcrowded. （
45、A） The necessity to keep everything in place. （ B） Catalogs used as textbooks by country school teachers. （ C） Sears and Ward and catalog sale business. （ D） The competition between small stores and catalog sale. （ A） She wants to order a filing cabinet. （ B） She wants to keep her room tidy. （ C） Sh
46、e wants to practice spelling and calculation. （ D） She wants to find any interesting story in it. （ A） Women. （ B） Farmers. （ C） Men. （ D） Pupils. （ A） They were used to hold stuff. （ B） They took the place of newspaper in history. （ C） They helped the farmers to have better harvest. （ D） They were
47、used as textbooks. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,
48、B, C and D. （ A） The Third Symphony. （ B） The Fifth Symphony. （ C） The Sixth Symphony. （ D） The Seventh Symphony. （ A） The bustling life of Vienna is the source of Beethovens inspiration. （ B） Haydon could not compare with Beethoven as a composer. （ C） Beethoven composed some of his best works in th
49、e last years of his life. （ D） Beethoven didnt stop conducting his works even if he was deaf. （ A） At the library. （ B） In a lecture hall. （ C） On Marthas Vineyard. （ D） At a telephone laboratory. （ A） It was settled more than 300 years ago. （ B） Alexander Graham Bell visited the island. （ C） A large number of its residents were deaf. （ D） Each family living there had many children. （ A） They inherited deafness. （ B） It was an unlucky place. （ C） An epidemic struck the island. （ D） The climate caused
