1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 308及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled On Power Failure. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 很多城市缺电现象 2. 分析原因 3. 提出建议 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming a
2、nd Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradict
3、s the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Weight Control: The Power of Healthy Choices What Is a Healthy Weight for Me? This is a tough question to answer. Even though many people talk about weight, what really matters is how much of
4、 your body weight is fat. The body mass index (BMI) is an approximate measure of body fat. It is based on your height and weight. A BMI between 19 and 25 is considered a normal amount of body fat. If someones BMI is 25 to 29.9, that person is said to be overweight. A person is said to be obese (过度肥胖
5、的 ) if his or her BMI is 30 or higher. The higher your BMI is, the greater your risk for diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, arthritis, and certain cancers is. Some Causes That Can Lead to Being Overweight Having weight problems in your family. Eating when youre lonely, sad, bored or stressed.
6、 Eating because you feel pressured by friends or family to eat. Using food for recreation, or eating just because food is available. Taking medicine that makes you feel hungry. Having hormone problems that slow your metabolism (how fast your body burns calories). How Can I Lower My BMI? The best way
7、 to lower your BMI is to reduce the total number of calories you take in and to be more physically active.Long-term success is not about finding the “right“ diet. Its about identifying your behaviours that have contributed to taking in more calories than your body needs. It is also about making a pl
8、an to develop healthier eating and physical activity habits. For example, you may eat when youre under stress rather than when youre hungry. Choosing another activity to do when you feel stressed, such as taking a walk, may help you break the habit of eating at those times. Youre more likely to make
9、 changes in your habits if you set a specific goal for yourself. For example, instead of saying “Im going to lose 20 pounds“, decide that youll be more active every other day of the week. Be specific about what kind of activity youll do and which days youll do it. Your new goal might be: “During my
10、lunch hour on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays, Im going to walk for half an hour in the park.“ Once your new healthy behaviour becomes a habit, you can move on to another goal. Why Is Physical Activity a Big Deal? Physical activity builds muscles, so even if you dont lose pounds, you will look and f
11、eel better when you are more active. Being active also reduces your risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes, even if you are overweight. What Is the Best Kind of Activity? First, ask your family doctor if there is any kind of physical activity that you should not do. Being more phys
12、ically active doesnt mean you need to have a formal or complicated exercise program. Remember that the best kind of activity is the kind that youll keep doing. Whatever activity you choose, try to do it for at least 30 minutes per day on most days of the week. Aerobic exercises, such as swimming, wa
13、lking or jogging, raise your heart rate and help burn calories. The longer you exercise, the more fat your body will burn. Walking can be very helpful even if you dont walk fast. Light weight training also has many health benefits. It helps add muscle mass to your body. Muscle burns calories faster
14、than fat does. How Can I Change My Eating Habits? Change them one at a time. For example, start by training yourself to eat without doing anything else at the same time.Focus on enjoying the taste and smell of your food by eating more slowly. Dont watch TV, talk on the phone or drive a car while you
15、 eat. Healthy Habits Eat breakfast. Eat your biggest meal of the day at lunchtime. Begin meals with a low-fat salad, soup, broth or a glass of water. Eat more vegetables and whole grains at each meal. Drink fewer sugar-sweetened beverages (such as regular soda and fruit juice). If you drink more tha
16、n one regular soda per day, replace one of them with a diet soda, water or skim milk. Limit your alcohol intake. Know what one serving looks like and stick to it. Eat slowly so your body has time to know when you are full. Be more active in your daily life. Replace some of the sugar in your diet wit
17、h non-caloric sweeteners. Get support from family and friends. Support is very important for long-term success in adopting healthy habits. What Is So Bad About Foods That Are High in Fat and Added Sugar? Foods that are high in fat and added sugar have lots of calories. Fat has almost twice the calor
18、ies of carbohydrates (碳水化合物 ) and proteins. Also, compared with calories that come from carbohydrates or proteins, calories that come from fat are more easily used by your body to make body fat. The following are foods high in calories from fat and/or added sugar. Pastries, doughnuts, cakes, cookies
19、, sweet rolls, pies Most crackers and chips Cheeses Cooking oils, margarine, butter, lard Cream, ice cream Hot dogs and luncheon meats Regular soda and fruit-flavoured juices Why Is Skipping Meals Not Helpful? Though skipping meals may work for a while, it backfires in the long run. When you skip a
20、meal, you are likely to get too hungry, and then you may eat too much at once. What Can I Do When My Friends or Family Members Pressure Me to Eat? Sometimes a direct explanation and a request for support are enough to get people to understand that youre trying to improve your health habits. If that
21、doesnt work, telling them its your “doctors orders“ may do the trick. If not, you may have to avoid those people until you feel comfortable enough with your new habits to handle the pressure. Will Diet Drugs Help Me Lower My BMI? Used with a doctors supervision, certain medicines can help some peopl
22、e lower their BMI. However, they are not the secret to long-term weight loss. Eating a more healthy diet and being more physically active are the way to lose weight and keep it off. 2 Peoples BMI might be different because of the dissimilarity in height and weight. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 If ones pa
23、rents have weight problem, he or she is likely to have weight problem, too. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The only way to lower ones BMI is to reduce the amount of food taken in. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Since life is full of changes, the more general your goal is, the more good it will do to you. （ A） Y （
24、 B） N （ C） NG 6 People are suggested climbing mountains to keep healthy. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Whole wheat bread and fruit-flavoured juice are considered as healthy food. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 This passage gives reasons for weight problems and suggestions to lower BMI. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Th
25、e calories that fat has are twice as much as those of _. 10 A direct explanation and _ may be helpful to get your goal understood by your friends. 11 You can lose weight and keep it off by eating a more healthy diet and _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations an
26、d 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and de
27、cide which is the best answer. （ A） A bank manager and a customer. （ B） A police officer and a woman robber. （ C） A policeman and a bank manager. （ D） A police officer and an eyewitness to a robbery. （ A） It is very bad. （ B） It is just so-so. （ C） It is as good as she had expected. （ D） It isnt goo
28、d enough. （ A） More working hours. （ B） A better position. （ C） More days off. （ D） A long vacation. （ A） He is very satisfied with the new job. （ B） He is afraid of the job. （ C） He is bored with the job. （ D） He can earn a lot of money. （ A） He doesnt want to buy a car. （ B） He doesnt have enough
29、money to buy a car. （ C） He plans to buy a car, but not now. （ D） He will have enough money for a car soon. （ A） To feed the baby. （ B） To bathe the baby. （ C） To wake the baby up. （ D） To take care of the baby. （ A） Write a report. （ B） Join his friends. （ C） Go to the laboratory. （ D） Go to the pa
30、rty. （ A） Because it comes by mail. （ B） Because it arrives a few days earlier. （ C） Because it is much cheaper. （ D） Because it is inconvenient to buy one from the bookstore. （ A） 15 minutes. （ B） 30 minutes. （ C） 45 minutes. （ D） 60 minutes. （ A） There isnt a room available at that time. （ B） A sp
31、eaker is coming to address the students. （ C） Language testing will take longer than expected. （ D） Lunch will not be ready until much later. （ A） 12:45 p.m. （ B） 1:30 p.m. （ C） 2:00 p.m. （ D） 2:15 p.m. （ A） A shirt. （ B） An alarm clock. （ C） A woolen blanket. （ D） A suitcase. （ A） Because he forgot
32、 one of his suitcases. （ B） Because he was suspected of carrying something dangerous. （ C） Because he wanted to go out to smoke. （ D） Because he had lost his passport. （ A） They felt surprised. （ B） They felt funny. （ C） They felt curious. （ D） They felt shocked. （ A） Talking. （ B） Communication and
33、 memory. （ C） Singing. （ D） Finding the way. （ A） Teacher and student. （ B） Classmates. （ C） Ex-husband and wife. （ D） Colleagues. （ A） A new Chinese restaurant. （ B） The womans new job. （ C） The days they spent together in school. （ D） The mans experience after graduation. （ A） Chinese food is very
34、 delicious. （ B） Cooking is a happy work for him now. （ C） Cooking can make a lot of money. （ D） His family didnt like the food he cooked before. （ A） Two years. （ B） Three years. （ C） Four years. （ D） Five years. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of e
35、ach passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Hot dog. （ B） Hamburger. （ C） Brown rice. （ D） Potato chips. （ A） Children eat more and
36、more junk food nowadays. （ B） Television influences childrens food choice. （ C） People serve little health food at their parties. （ D） There are many TV advertisements for health food. （ A） The growth of Detroit as an industrial city. （ B） Detroit, the fifth largest city in the U.S.A. （ C） The geogr
37、aphical advantages of Detroit. （ D） The Car industry in the U. S. A. （ A） 56%. （ B） 96%. （ C） 24%. （ D） 28%. （ A） 96 hours. （ B） 24 hours. （ C） 48 hours. （ D） 28 hours. （ A） Bicycles. （ B） Cars. （ C） Machines. （ D） Farm tools. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three time
38、s. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required t
39、o fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The Japanese are expecting house guests. These visitors will stay for a long time, serving tea, cleaning house, making Conversation and taking care of their【 B1】_in old ag
40、e. “The machine is a friend of【 B2】 _in Japan,“ said a robotics professor at Waseda University in Tokyo. “A robot is a friend,【 B3】 _. So it is easy to use machines in this country. But other countries, maybe, are quite different.“ Japans【 B4】 _is declining, and more than a fifth of its population i
41、s over age 65 the largest percentage in the world. With a dislike to large-scale【 B5】 _, the Japanese see robots as a way to handle a number of tasks, especially care and 【 B6】_ for the disabled and elderly. Creating a household robot is a great challenge. For financial reasons, Sony stopped working
42、 on its robot-dog this year. Mitsubishi and Honda are【 B7】 _forward with human-like robots that【 B8】 _a vision of the future, even if their cost is too high and usefulness too low to reach a mass market. Mitsubishis robot is a house-sitter.【 B9】 _.It also recognizes faces and can talk.【 B10】 _ that
43、Japanese scientists expect to become commonplace.【 B11】_. Her wish was granted. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each
44、 blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of
45、 the words in the bank more than once. 47 Early settlers of the American Southwest grew to realize that the appearance of the California condor (秃鹰 ) signaled death. The condor【 S1】 _on air currents searching for food. His food was the flesh of dead animals. In【 S2】 _himself, the condor cleaned away
46、 dead flesh that would【 S3】 _spread disease. The settlements of the Southwest【 S4】 _into villages; villages became cities and then【 S5】 _metropolitan (大都市的 ) areas. The growth of the metropolis【 S6】 _but relentlessly (残酷地 )【 S7】 _the area in which the condor-who needed to range freely-could breed an
47、d raise young. Farmers pesticides (农药 ) and hunters lead bullets found their way into the food chain. Because of the loss of【 S8】_and the poisons in the【 S9】 _, the entire species of condor began to die oat. The early settlers realized that the【 S10】 _of the condor signaled death; they failed to see
48、 that their own appearance very likely signaled the death of the condor. A) environment B) developed C) nourishing D) soared E) massive F) appearance G) otherwise H) generally I) gradually J) devoting K) flour L) diminished M) territory N) circumstance O) moreover 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】
49、 52 【 S5】 53 【 S6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 57 Surprisingly, no one knows how many children receive educati
