1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 325及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: How I Overcome My Difficulties in Learning English. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 你在英语学习中有哪些困难 ? 2你是如何克服这些困难的
2、 ? 3这些方法给你带来的收获。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information
3、 given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 A Guide to Eating for Sports There is a piece of good news that eating to reach your peak performance level likely doesnt require
4、a special diet or supplements. Its all about working the right foods into your fitness plan in the right amounts. Here are some basics. Eat Extra for Excellence Teen athletes have unique nutrition needs. Because athletes work out more than their less-active peers, they generally need extra calories
5、to fuel both their sports performance and their growth. Depending on how active they are, teen athletes may need anywhere from 2,000 to 5,000 total calories per day to meet their energy needs. Since tech athletes need extra fuel, its usually a bad idea for them to diet. Athletes in sports where weig
6、ht is emphasized such as wrestling, swimming, dance, or gymnastics may feel pressure to lose weight, but they need to weigh that choice with the possible negative side effects mentioned above. If a coach, gym teacher, or teammate says that you need to go on a diet, talk to your doctor first or visit
7、 a dietitian who specializes in teen athletes. If a health professional you trust agrees that its safe to diet, he or she can work with you to develop a plan that allows you to perform your best and lose weight. Eat a Variety of Foods You may have heard about “carb loading“ before a game. But when i
8、t comes to powering your game fox the long haul, its a bad idea to focus on only one type of food. Carbohydrates are an important source of fuel, but theyre only one of many foods an athlete needs. It also takes vitamins, minerals, protein, and fats to stay in peak playing shape. Muscular Minerals a
9、nd Vital Vitamins Calcium helps build the strong bones that athletes depend on, and iron carries oxygen to muscles. Most teens dont get enough of these minerals, and thats especially tree of teen athletes because their needs may be even higher than those of other teens. To get the iron you need, cat
10、 lean red meats (meats with not much fat on them); grains that are fortified with iron; and green, leafy vegetables. Calcium a must for protecting against stress fractures is found in dairy foods, such as low-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese. In addition to calcium and iron, you need a whole bunch of ot
11、her vitamins and minerals that do everything from help you access energy to keep you from getting sick. Eating a balanced diet, including lots of different fruits and veggies, should provide the vitamins and minerals needed for good health and sports performance. Protein Power Athletes need slightly
12、 more protein than less-active teens, but most teen athletes get plenty of protein through regular eating. Its a myth that athletes need a huge daily intake of protein to build large, strong muscles. Muscle growth comes from regular training and hard work not popping a pill. And taking in too much p
13、rotein can actually harm the body, causing dehydration, calcium loss, and even kidney problems. Good sources of protein are fish, lean meats and poultry, eggs, dairy, nuts, soy, and peanut butter. Carb Charge Carbohydrates provide athletes with an excellent source of fuel. Cutting back on carbs or f
14、ollowing low-carb diets isnt a good idea for athletes because restricting carbohydrates can cause a person to feel tired and worn out, which ultimately affects performance. Fat Fuel Everyone needs a certain amount of fat each day, and this is particularly true for athletes. Thats because active musc
15、les quickly bum through carbs and need fats for long-lasting energy. Like carbs, not all fats are created equal. Experts advise athletes to concentrate on healthier fats, such as the unsaturated fat found in most vegetable oils. Choosing when to cat fats is also important for athletes. Fatty foods c
16、an slow digestion, so its a good idea to avoid eating these foods for a few hours before and after exercising. Shun Supplements Protein supplements and energy bars dont do a whole lot of good, but they wont really do you much harm either. But other types of supplements can really do some damage. Ana
17、bolic steroids(合成代谢类固醇 ) can seriously mess with a persons hormones, causing side effects like testicular(双丸状的 ) shrinkage and baldness in guys and facial hair growth in girls. Steroids can cause mental health problems, including depression and serious mood swings. Some over-the-counter supplements
18、contain hormones that are related to testosterone (睾丸激素 ) (such as dehydroepi- androsterone, or DHEA for short). These supplements have similar side effects to anabolic steroids. These and other sports supplements (like creatine, for example) have not been tested in people younger than 18. So the ri
19、sks of taking them are not yet known. Salt tablets are another supplement to watch out for. People take them to avoid dehydration, but salt tablets can actually lead a person to become dehydrated. In large amounts, salt can cause nausea, vomiting, cramps, and diarrhea and may damage the lining of th
20、e stomach. In general, you are better off drinking fluids in order to maintain hydration. Any salt you lose in sweat can usually be made up in one normal meal after exercise. Ditch Dehydration Speaking of dehydration, water is just as important to unlocking your game power as food. When you sweat du
21、ring exercise, its easy to become overheated, headachy, and worn out especially in hot or humid weather. Even mild dehydration can affect an athletes physical and mental performance. Theres no one-size-fits-all formula for how much water to drink. How much fluid each person needs depends on the indi
22、viduals age, size, level of physical activity, and environmental temperature. Experts recommend that athletes drink before and after exercise as well as every 15 to 20 minutes during exercise. In general, most athletes need 1 2 cups prior to exercise and 1/2 to 1 cup every 15 to 20 minutes throughou
23、t exercise. Dont wait until you feel thirsty, because thirst is a sign that your body has needed liquids for a while. But dont force yourself to drink more fluids than you may need either. Its hard to run when theres a lot of water sloshing around in your stomach ! Caffeine Drinks that contain caffe
24、ine, including some soft drinks, tea, and coffee, may contribute to dehydration. Although some studies have found that caffeine may help with endurance sports performance, its good to weigh any benefits against potential problems. Too much caffeine can leave an athlete feeling anxious or jittery. It
25、 can also cause trouble sleeping. All of these can drag down a persons sports performance. Plus, taking certain medications including supplements can make caffeines side effects seem even worse. Game-Day Eats Most of your bodys energy on game day will come from the foods youve eaten over the past se
26、veral days. But you can boost your performance even more by paying attention to the food you eat on game day. Strive for a game-day diet rich in carbohydrates, moderate in protein, and low in fat. Here are some guidelines on what to eat and when: Eat a meal 2 to 4 hours before the game or event: Com
27、bine a serving of low-fiber fruit or vegetable (such as juice, plums, melons, cherries, or peaches) with a protein and carbohydrate meal (like a turkey or chicken sandwich, cereal and milk, or chicken noodle soup and yogurt). Eat a snack less than 2 hours before the game: If you havent had time to h
28、ave a pre-game meal, be sure to have a light snack such as crackers, a bagel, or low-fat yogurt. Its a good idea to avoid eating anything for the hour before you compote or have practice because digestion requires energy I energy that you want to use to win. Also, eating too soon before any kind of
29、activity can leave food in the stomach, making you feel full, bloated, cramp, and sick. Everyone is different, so get to know what works best for you. You may want to experiment with meal timing and how much to eat on practice days so that you are better prepared for game day. 2 For a teenager, no m
30、atter whether he is all athlete or not, he should take in 2,000 to 5,000 calories per day. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 A swimmer or a dancer must watch their weight and should go on a diet whenever necessary. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In the long nm, for an athlete, in order to power his game, he needs a
31、variety of foods which include fats. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Athletes should avoid certain kinds of supplements, for they may cause side effects which will do harm to the athletes. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Athletes should drink some water before, during and after exercises at regular intervals. （ A）
32、Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Athletes should avoid having drinks containing caffeine, for they are hundred-percent harmful to the athletes sports performance. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 It is suggested that athletes take a formal meal less than 2 hours after the game on the game day. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Besi
33、des calcium and iron, athletes also need_which will help them access energy and prevent them from getting ill. 10 People take salt tablets, which can lead a person to become dehydrated, to_. 11 The individuals age, size, _and environmental temper will influence the amount of fluid one person needs e
34、ach day. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be
35、a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） A dentist. （ B） A surgeon. （ C） A physician. （ D） A psychiatrist. （ A） Jack should decide about the game himself. （ B） They have to make an urgent decision. （ C） Jack should take
36、 her advice. （ D） They cant make a decision. （ A） $5.50. （ B） $4.50. （ C） $3.50. （ D） $2.50. （ A） The man is planning a trip to Austin. （ B） The man has not been to Austin before. （ C） The man doesnt like Austin. （ D） The man has been to Austin before. （ A） She lakes it as a kind of exercise. （ B） S
37、he wants to save money. （ C） She loves doing anything that is new. （ D） Her school isnt very far. （ A） By bike. （ B） By car. （ C） By bus. （ D） On foot. （ A） Bill McCarthy isnt in fight now. （ B） The caller dialed the wrong number. （ C） Bill McCarthy can t answer the phone fight now. （ D） Bill McCart
38、hy doesnt want to speak to the caller. （ A） She didnt like the books the man bought. （ B） There wasnt a large selection at the bookstore. （ C） The man bought a lot of books. （ D） She wanted to see what the man bought. （ A） In a dentists office. （ B） In a hospital. （ C） In a drugstore. （ D） In a doct
39、ors office. （ A） To tell him that the woman would meet him at his office. （ B） To ask him for an appointment. （ C） To ask him what time the womans appointment was. （ D） To get a prescription for the woman. （ A） The woman had a toothache. （ B） She wanted to buy some aspirin. （ C） She was a regular pa
40、tient of Dr. Patrick. （ D） Dr . Patrick was very busy. （ A） The womans husband. （ B） The owner of the apartment. （ C） The apartment manager. （ D） The tenant who occupies the apartment now. （ A） In a house. （ B） In a hotel. （ C） In a two-bedroom apartment. （ D） In a three-bedroom apartment. （ A） One.
41、 （ B） Two. （ C） Three. （ D） Four. （ A） Because she thought the apartment was too small. （ B） Because it was the first apartment she had seen. （ C） Because her husband had not seen it. （ D） Because the rent was too high. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the en
42、d of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） To drive the car automatically. （ B） To measure the drivers pulse. （ C） To prevent
43、 car accidents. （ D） To monitor the drivers health. （ A） It sends out signals for help. （ B） It sounds an alarm to warn the driver. （ C） It takes over the driving immediately. （ D） It stops the car automatically. （ A） It monitors the signals transmitted from the drivers brain. （ B） It can measure th
44、e drivers alcohol level in the blood. （ C） It can quicken the drivers response to emergencies. （ D） It bases its analysis on the drivers heartbeat. （ A） A kind of chart used to keep track of days, months and years. （ B） A kind of book used to express days of months. （ C） A list of the animals names.
45、 （ D） A list of holidays. （ A） Divided into 12- month cycles. （ B） Divided into 6- month cycles. （ C） Divided into 10 - year cycles. （ D） Divided into 12 - year cycles. （ A） A day for any year. （ B） The animal for any year. （ C） The month for any year. （ D） The week for any month. （ A） He didnt like
46、 physics any more. （ B） His eyesight was too poor. （ C） Physics was too hard for him. （ D） He had to work to support himself. （ A） He was not happy with the new director. （ B） He was not qualified to be an engineer. （ C） He wanted to travel. （ D） He found his job boring. （ A） He wanted to work with
47、his friend. （ B） He enjoyed traveling around the world. （ C） He wanted to go to Spain. （ D） He was rejected by the engineering firm. （ A） He enjoyed teaching English. （ B） He wanted to earn more to support his family. （ C） The owner of the school promised him a good position. （ D） He could earn more
48、 as a teacher than as a travel agent. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks number
49、ed from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 In a marital relationship, power determines which spouse makes decisions, which spouse exerts the most【 B1】 _on the other, and which spouse clearly dominates the other. Since money【 B2】 _power in our society, the husbands greater earni
