1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 338及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title of Fascinating China, giving an introduction of two or three famous scenic spots in China or some other attractive things of China to foreigners. You should write at
2、least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 你将介绍哪些东西？ 2它们各自的独特之外。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questio
3、ns 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Tough Laws on Paper Alarming new figures show that the destr
4、uction of the Amazon(亚马逊河 ) rainforest the worlds biggest tropical forest has greatly increased. Booming agriculture, especially soya (大豆 ) growing, is one of the main causes. If it were simply a matter of passing strong laws to protect it, the Amazon rainforest-the worlds largest tropical forest, a
5、round the size of western Europe-would be safe. Brazil, whose territory(领土 ) includes about two-thirds of the forest, has impressively tough laws that, on paper, set most of it aside as a nature reserve and impose stiff penalties for illegal logging (采伐 ). But the latest annual figures for deforesta
6、tion in the Brazilian Amazon, published by the government on Wednesday May 18th, have confirmed a disturbing recent trend., the destruction is accelerating despite all efforts to prevent it. In the year to August 2004, more than 26,000 square kilometers (10,000 square miles) of forest were chopped d
7、own, an area larger than the American state of New Jersey. The trees vanish The area deforested (采伐森林 ) in the past year was up 6% in 2003, far worse than the Brazilian governments predictions that it would rise by no more than about 2%. It was the second worst year for the destruction of the rainfo
8、rest since satellite surveys began. It is estimated that almost a fifth of the Brazilian part of the forest has now been wiped out; if it were to continue at this rate, it would all be flattened within the next two centuries. Things are hardly any better in those portions of Amazonia that lie in nei
9、ghboring countries: Ecuador (厄瓜多尔 ) has lost about half of its forest, mainly due to illegal logging, in the past 30 years. Whats worse, tropical forests have been disappearing at an even faster rate elsewhere in the world, such as in Africa. The worlds greatest stores of biodiversity (生物多样性 )-and s
10、ome of its main suppliers of the oxygen we breathe-are still being chewed up at an alarming rate, despite decades of talk among world leaders and environmentalists about the need to preserve them. The economy booms As has been seen before in Brazil, the surge (汹涌 ) in the rate of deforestation is a
11、sign that the countrys economy is booming recently it has been growing at an annual rate of around 5%. Most of the trees felled illegally in Amazonia are sold to domestic buyers, in particular to the construction industry in Brazils richer southern states. But the forest is also threatened by the ra
12、pid expansion of farming and ranching (经营牧场 ). In the past year, almost half of the total deforestation was in the state of Mato Grosso on the forests southern fringe (边缘 ), where huge areas have been flattened to grow soybeans. Last year Brazil earned about $10 billion from exporting soy products,
13、exceeding its income from coffee and sugar, the countrys traditional export crops. Mato Grossos governor, Blairo Maggi, is also its soybean king-his familys farms are the worlds largest single producer of the crop. The rate at which the forest is being flattened could easily rise further. To increas
14、e the regions economic development and make inroads i0to poverty, the government plans to asphalt (用沥青铺 ) and widen the potholed (崎岖不平的 ) BR-163 highway that cuts the forest roughly in half, running from north to south. Though the government has been working with environmental groups and others to t
15、ry to limit the schemes impact, past experience has shown that improved road access invariably means more encroachment (蚕食 ) on the forest by loggers, ranchers (农场主 ), farmers, mineral prospectors and others. Use it or lose it For much of Brazils recent history, in particular during the countrys 196
16、4-85 military dictatorship (专政 ), successive governments were obsessed with populating and “developing“ Amazonia, convinced that otherwise a foreign power might seize it. Large sums were spent building highways to open up the forest and lavish (滥 用的 ) subsidies (补助金 ) were offered to get people to r
17、esettle there. However, the huge abandoned former forest land alongside previous road schemes shows that, in fact, much of the region acks suitable soil and climate for agriculture. Effective measures taken to conserve the forest More recent governments have taken the axe to the more surprising sche
18、mes that encouraged people to destroy the rainforest. Besides Brazils tough conservation laws, there are now countless projects, often backed by multilateral (多边的 ), agencies, to develop sustainable forestry, eco-tourism and other means of providing a living for the regions inhabitants without harmi
19、ng their environment. Mato Grosso state has pioneered the use of satellite-mapping to enforce a law that obliges Amazonias landowners to leave 80% of forested land untouched. Police, environmental inspectors and other state agencies are being pressed to work together more closely to clamp down on il
20、legal logging. Poverty is an obstacle to the conservation of the forest Nevertheless, the priority of Brazils President Lula da Silva and his government is to cut poverty and they know that the surest way to achieve this is through strong economic growth. So, as the hR-163 highway project demonstrat
21、es, conservation still comes second to economic development. The many sustainable-forestry schemes are seeking ways to have both instead of having to choose one or the other. But while some are highly promising, taken together they have so far had much less impact than might have been hoped. The for
22、ests best hope may lie with Brazilians growing wealth. The countrys steady economic and political advance since its restoration of democracy is leading to the development of a larger and more environmentally conscious middle class, a phenomenon which in richer countries has forced governments to tak
23、e tougher action to conserve natural resources. Around the world, valuable work is being done to improve the understanding of the many “services“ that the earths forests provide from water filtration (过滤 ) and flood prevention to fruit and fresh air-and to seek to finance their conservation by charg
24、ing those who benefit from them. In the long term, such movements ought to provide a lifeline for the Amazon forest. But will they come in time? Brazil has already all but lost one of its two original rainforests only slivers(狭长的一小块 ) remain of the Mata Atlantica, which once covered huge areas along
25、 the countrys Atlantic coastline. Its remaining rainforest is still four-fifths intact (完整无缺的 ). But, day by day, the chainsaws and the bulldozers (推土机 ) are hacking it away. 2 The passage mainly tells us that the global warming is a threat to our environment. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The Amazon rain
26、forest would be safe if strong laws were passed to protect it. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 World leaders and environmentalists have talked about the need to preserve the forest for decades. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Most of the trees felled illegally in Amazonia is sold to the construction industry in Bra
27、zils richer southern states. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The scheme of widening the potholed hR-163 highway in Brazil will have little impact on the forest. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Successive governments of Brazil from 1964-85 encouraged people to resettle in Amazon. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Now the Braz
28、ils government thinks the conservation of the forest is more important than the economic development. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 In the year to August 2004, _ of the Amazon rainforest were chopped down. 10 Tropical forests is the main suppliers of _ that we breathe. 11 The earths forest provide us with
29、 service from _ to fruit and fresh air-and to seek to finance their conservation by charging those who benefit from them. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about wh
30、at was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） By December 30th. （ B） By New Years. （ C） By December 3rd. （ D） B
31、y December 13th. （ A） She knew the way very well. （ B） She doesnt know where the hotel is. （ C） She thinks its an expensive hotel. （ D） She got lost many times. （ A） It has been finished on time. （ B） It is only open during the day. （ C） It is about to been completed. （ D） Something has happened to
32、the building. （ A） Hes not sure how to solve the math problem. （ B） He doesnt know where to put the calculator. （ C） He lost the calculator at work. （ D） He thinks its not the womans fault. （ A） He went mountain climbing last year. （ B） He definitely does not like it. （ C） He hasnt traveled around t
33、he world yet. （ D） Hes always wanted to climb mountains. （ A） Some rocks. （ B） The leaves. （ C） Her suitcase. （ D） A down pillow. （ A） 1060. （ B） 1016. （ C） 530. （ D） 508. （ A） He should get help in finding the way. （ B） He doesnt see the map very well. （ C） She knows where it is. （ D） She wants to
34、go to the park. （ A） He didnt like the host. （ B） He was not invited. （ C） He has another appointment. （ D） He had a headache after work. （ A） To see a doctor. （ B） To do more exercise. （ C） To have a sleeping pill. （ D） All of the above. （ A） Berry used to take a lot of sleeping pills. （ B） Berry w
35、as under a terrible strain. （ C） Berry had stopped drinking coffee late at night. （ D） Jane didnt agree with the doctor. （ A） Because there was a traffic jam. （ B） Because he got up late. （ C） Because his apartment is far away from the campus. （ D） Because he missed a bus and had to wait for another
36、 one. （ A） They are doing experiments. （ B） They are listening to the lecture. （ C） They are debating. （ D） They are giving and listening to presentations. （ A） Art. （ B） Physics. （ C） Economics. （ D） Law. （ A） 30 minutes. （ B） 20 minutes. （ C） 1 hour. （ D） 40 minutes. Section B Directions: In this
37、section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） They both form in large spherica
38、l masses. （ B） They are both made of tiny water droplets. （ C） They are both common only in cold climates. （ D） They both change shape when temperatures vary. （ A） The density of the water droplets in the air. （ B） The size of the water droplets. （ C） The temperature of the water droplets. （ D） The
39、purity of the water vapor. （ A） Why fog freezes at low temperatures. （ B） How very small droplets can form. （ C） Why the density of fog varies. （ D） How water droplets stay suspended in air. （ A） They can be built to be very light. （ B） They are inexpensive to operate. （ C） They can be directed by r
40、emote control. （ D） They easily connect distant points. （ A） Mountain areas. （ B） Small countries. （ C） Busy cities. （ D） Private business. （ A） People in small villages. （ B） Large public interest groups. （ C） Operators of conventional communicational systems. （ D） Managers of international busines
41、s groups. （ A） Cars, buses, and trucks. （ B） Highways built outside of the city. （ C） Traffic lights. （ D） Reducing the number of buses and cars. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for i
42、ts general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact
43、 words you have just heard or write down the 33 There are five basic functions of a newspaper: to inform, to comment, to【 B1】 _, to instruct and to entertain. You may well think that this【 B2】 _of functions is in order of importance but, if so, you would not be in agreement with the【 B3】 _of the rea
44、ding public. Of the two【 B4】 _categories of newspaper the popular and the quality, the former have a【 B5】 _of millions, while the latter, only hundreds of thousands. Yet the popular papers seem largely designed for【 B6】 _, with quizzes, competitions, cartoons, and light-hearted human interest storie
45、s. Their news coverage【 B7】 _a lot of comment and persuasive language; the information content is rather low, and instruction is very【 B8】 _. The quality newspapers put a much lower one on entertainment. It is not only in content that the two types of paper differ. There is a difference, too, in the
46、 style in which the articles are written.【 B9】 _Their journalists tend to use shorter sentences and avoid less well-known vocabulary. This means that popular newspapers are easier for a native speaker to understand, though probably not for a non-native speaker.【 B10】 _Popular papers are generally sm
47、aller with fewer columns per page. They have bigger headlines and more photographs. There is a greater variety of typeface and printed symbols. The articles are shorter and there are fewer per page.【 B11】 _Large headlines, pictures and position on the page all serve to draw the readers attention to
48、one article rather than another. 34 【 B1】 35 【 B2】 36 【 B3】 37 【 B4】 38 【 B5】 39 【 B6】 40 【 B7】 41 【 B8】 42 【 B9】 43 【 B10】 44 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or co
49、mplete the statements in the fewest possible words. 44 The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a womans life spent in caring for children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties, and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived ti
