1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 399及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled An Unforgettable Picnic. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 简述一次与朋友或同学难忘的野餐 2描述当时野餐 的情况 3谈谈自己的感受和体会 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension
2、(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement
3、 contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Americas Top 5 Cleanest Cities What Is a Clean City? Ideally, its a place where the air quality is good, the water is safe to drink, and factories arent dumping harmful chemical wa
4、ste into the environment. Its also a place where you look up and down streets that are free of garbage, and stroll through parks without wading through litter. San Francisco Background: Once a prominent shipping and manufacturing center, San Francisco now has booming financial and business sectors.
5、Since 1980, the citys population has increased by more than a third and its per capita income ranks among the nations highest. Few places have a citizenry that is more environmentally conscious. Problems: Like nearly every traffic-clogged urban California area, San Francisco has struggled with high
6、emissions of greenhouse gases. Its Hunters Point area is home to two polluting power plants and a highly contaminated Naval Shipyard. In 2002, a national report found that while San Franciscos source water was safe, its tap water contained high levels of a cancer-causing pollutant known as TTHM. Sol
7、utions: The citys Environment Department-something many municipalities lack-is seeking to close the power plants at Hunters Point, and the federal EPA is overseeing a massive cleanup of the shipyard there. Meanwhile, San Francisco is in the forefront of efforts to promote the use of clean-air vehicl
8、es, with its public transit leading the way. The citys bus fleet includes over 700 electric-drive vehicles, with plans to convert all the buses to this clean-air technology by 2020. As for concerns about its drinking water, San Francisco responded by modifying its water treatment process, which brou
9、ght the TTHM levels back down into the safe zone. Finally, the local government is finding ways to push energy savings. Columbus, Ohio Background: Ohios capital, according to the latest census, was the only major city in the state to grow in population. And Columbuss geographical expansion continues
10、. Its economy is light on industry-less than 12% of its job force works in the manufacturing sector. The big growth has been in financial and insurance businesses, as well as retail. Meanwhile, per capita income here is slightly below our 50-city average. Problems: Columbuss steady development has m
11、ade it tough to keep the citys watersheds clean. Also, an aging storm water and sewage system has caused overflows and backups in recent years. Litter has been a manageable problem, although Columbus has a recycling rate of just 4%, which Mayor Michael Coleman calls “pitiful.“ And finally, the late
12、1990s were marked by a sudden increase in ugly graffiti (涂鸦 ) on both public and private property. Solutions: The mayor recently unveiled a new initiative, “Get Green Columbus“, which established an office of Environmental Stewardship. Also underway is a program to update the sewage and storm water
13、systems. To spruce up unsightly areas, Columbus has committed to removing graffiti within two days of its appearance. Through the citys Neighborhood Pride program, a handful of communities each year get a solid week of concentrated cleanup, including tree trimming (修剪 ), bulk trash pickup and litter
14、 removal. Buffalo, New York Background: Long known as a Rust Belt City where steel was king, Buffalo was hit hard when that industry went into steep decline more than two decades ago. As steel plants shut down, Buffalo was forced to rebuild its economy from the ground up. But by leveraging its asset
15、s, including a low cost of living and cheap, clean hydroelectric energy generated by nearby Niagara Falls, Buffalo has begun luring new, non-manufacturing businesses to the area. Problems: A heavily polluted Buffalo River, acres of brown-fields, dwindling population, shrinking tax base and fiscal pr
16、oblems meant drastic cuts in city services-including cleaning. As a result, huge trash piles often accumulated in front of homes, sometimes going uncollected for days on end. At the same time, Buffalo was struggling with a sizable rat trouble. Solutions: Buffalo has made great strides in containing
17、and cleaning up brown fields and contaminated sites. Meanwhile, plans are underway to turn part of the former Bethlehem Steel site into a wind farm that will generate clean power for businesses and residents. The state is also overseeing a Buffalo River cleanup, already successful enough to draw boa
18、ters and fishermen back to the waterway. As for the trash problems, Buffalo undertook an award-winning restructuring of its garbage collection system. A fleet of 13 high-tech street sweepers, deployed 24 hours a day during non-winter months, now helps keep the streets clear of debris. And the city h
19、as dramatically curbed the rat problem by distributing large, securely covered garbage bins to every residence in the city. San Jose, California Background: This areas booming high-tech business during the 1980s and 1990s earned it the name Silicon Valley. Numerous semiconductor and computer chip ma
20、nufacturers brought in huge numbers of highly educated workers, driving up house values and living costs. Then the dot-com bust hit, and San Jose suddenly lost 200,000 jobs. Now the city is seeking to reinvent itself as a center for innovation and research in diverse fields. Problems: In the early 1
21、980s, a leaking underground storage tank was found to be polluting the drinking water of 65,000 people near a semiconductor plant. Besides the high-tech contamination, the Valleys rapid growth resulted in extensive sprawl, which means traffic and air pollution. Solutions: The widespread pollution ga
22、ve rise to a strong grass-roots environmental movement that pressured industry to clean up its mess. Industry responded by going the extra mile, setting higher standards for itself than required. The EPA, meanwhile, is overseeing the containment and cleanup of the Superfund sites. Because of the gro
23、undwater pollution, the Santa Clara Valley Water District became a national leader in testing and protecting drinking water. Portland, Oregon Background: Portland, long an important port and shipbuilding center, now also has a burgeoning high-tech sector, and a robust manufacturing base in paper, me
24、tal products and sportswear. Nonetheless, the per capita income is below the average for the 50 cities in our analysis. Problems: The sewer system is ancient and poorly designed, combining storm water runoff with sewage in the same piping system. Industries in Multnomah County, Portlands home, conti
25、nue to spew an estimated 1.85 million pounds of toxics into the air, water and land. Solutions: Portland belongs to the countrys only elected regional government, which means the city coordinates its planning and growth decisions with its neighbors. This arrangement has allowed Portland to make far-
26、ranging decisions, such as the establishment of a growth boundary around its urban center. Land inside this invisible circle is fair game for development; outside the circle theres only open space and farmland. The result is not only a well-preserved agricultural region just outside the city, but al
27、so a vibrant, livable urban area where public transportation rules. 2 In 2002, it is reported the tap water in San Francisco was safe, while the source water contained high levels of a cancer-causing pollutant. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Columbus and Portland are among the five cities to have a per cap
28、ita income slightly below the average of 50 cities. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Sewage and water systems are the main problems of Columbus. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Buffalo, known as a Rust Belt City, has witnessed great development of steel industry in the past two decades. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Buffa
29、lo is planning to convert part of the former Bethlehem Steel site into a wind farm to generate clean power. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Silicon Valley, once a high-tech business center, now is facing severe pollution from high-tech industries. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Portland is a metropolitan city with
30、 a population of roughly two million. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The successful cleanup of Buffalo River has attracted _ back to the water. 10 San Jose is now trying to reestablish itself as a centre for _ in various fields. 11 In the early 1980s, the drinking water of 65,000 people in Silicon Valley w
31、as found to be polluted by _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each qu
32、estion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） He doesnt pay attention to peoples words. （ B） He knows the woman better by now. （ C） There is something wrong with his ear. （ D） He takes things for granted
33、. （ A） Sell his boots. （ B） Buy some books. （ C） Buy a pair of boots. （ D） Wear his boots. （ A） The bike is too old. （ B） The tires are not so good. （ C） The tires are broken. （ D） The bike is worthwhile. （ A） He received a shirt from her aunt. （ B） He expected his aunt give him a watch for Christma
34、s. （ C） He received a nice watch but he didnt like it. （ D） He wanted a shirt but received a watch. （ A） The jam must be in the cabinet. （ B） The man shouldnt jump to conclusion so quickly. （ C） Sarah must have taken it home. （ D） The man can jump and get the jam. （ A） Go to the professors house. （
35、B） Ask the man to contact the professor. （ C） Ask the professor when she will be available. （ D） Call the professor when he is in office. （ A） He agrees with the woman about the weather. （ B） He doesnt agree with the woman about the weather. （ C） He doesnt understand what the woman said. （ D） He ask
36、s the woman to repeat. （ A） 66 dollars. （ B） 32 dollars. （ C） 60 dollars. （ D） 50 dollars. （ A） She felt embarrassed in class. （ B） Her presentation received a poor grade. （ C） She had not completed her assignment. （ D） She was unable to attend her psychology class. （ A） Shed be able to leave quickl
37、y. （ B） Shed be less nervous. （ C） Shed be able to locate where the man was seated. （ D） Shed know when her professor arrived. （ A） They become nervous more readily than women do. （ B） Theyre uncomfortable performing in front of adults. （ C） They dont respond to stress well. （ D） They become nervous
38、 less frequently than adults do. （ A） The benefits of strong business competition. （ B） A proposal to lower the cost of production. （ C） Complaints about the expense of modernization. （ D） Suggestions concerning new business strategies. （ A） It cost much more than its worth. （ B） It should be brough
39、t up-to-date. （ C） It calls for immediate repairs. （ D） It can still be used for a long time. （ A） The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency. （ B） A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory. （ C） The entire staff should be retrained. （ D） Better-educated employees shoul
40、d be promoted. （ A） Their competitors have long been advertising on TV. （ B） TV commercials are less expensive. （ C） Advertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient. （ D） TV commercials attract more investments. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of e
41、ach passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） What is romantic love? （ B） What causes love? （ C） How do we react to love? （ D） Why are
42、 we attracted to love? （ A） We love to talk to ourselves about what we care about. （ B） We are influenced by what we actually feel. （ C） We are subjective about our own feelings. （ D） We are subject to our desires and frustrations. （ A） It often requires long distance between the lovers. （ B） It may
43、 last for a long time. （ C） It is difficult to get. （ D） It helps people achieve success in careers. （ A） It is more lasting and satisfying than romantic love. （ B） It is based on open communications with each other. （ C） It is more difficult to achieve than romantic love. （ D） It happens more frequ
44、ently than romantic love. （ A） He wants to make millions of dollars from doing so, （ B） He believes the pills can help save patients there. （ C） The thrown away pills were piling up in American hospitals. （ D） He has established his own clinics on the African continent. （ A） He was a nurse working i
45、n a hospital. （ B） He was a medical doctor in a hospital. （ C） He was a journalist for a newspaper. （ D） He was a travel agent in San Francisco. （ A） They urge the women to use hormone treatment. （ B） The women of high risk should follow the guidelines. （ C） They should take some medicine. （ D） They
46、 urge those women to know their risk of heart attack. （ A） Before 19th century （ B） During World War Two （ C） In 1978. （ D） In 1953. （ A） They are made by each country. （ B） They are made according to the level of hurricane. （ C） They are made after the happening of hurricane. （ D） They are made yea
47、rs in advance. （ A） Because that may make people feel sorry. （ B） Because the beginning letter of the names are different. （ C） Because it can avoid legal problems or confusion. （ D） Because the storms will have different effects on people. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a pass
48、age three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you
49、are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Half a century ago, most people lived in【 B1】 _areas. However, according to the most recent estimate【 B2】 _by the United Nations, more than half of all people will live in cities by 2012, for the first time in history. City life is not always a bad thing, but many experts worry about this process of【 B3】 _. According to a new report from the Worldw
