1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 446及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Best Wishes Text Messages. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1. 每逢节日都会有 大量的祝福短信被转发 2有人认为转发祝福短信显得不真挚，有人不这样认为 3你的看法 二、 Part II
2、 Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (f
3、or NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Theres No Place Like Home On almost any night of the week, Churchills Restaurant is hopping. The 10-year-old hot spot in Rockville Centre, Long Island, is pa
4、cked with locals drinking beer and eating burgers, with some customers spilling over onto the street. “We have lots of regulars-people who are recognized when they come in,“ says co-owner Kevin Culhane. In fact, regulars make up more than 80 percent of the restaurants customers. “People feel comfort
5、able and safe here,“ Culhane says, “This is their place.“ Thriving neighborhood restaurants are one small data point in a larger trend I call the new localism. The basic idea: the longer people stay in their homes and communities, the more they identify with those places, and the greater their commi
6、tment to helping local businesses and institutions thrive, even in a downturn. Several factors are driving this process, including an aging population, suburbanization, the Interact, and an increased focus on family life. And even as the recession has begun to yield to recovery, our commitment to ou
7、r local roots is only going to grow deeper. Evident before the recession, the new localism will shape how we live and work in the coming decades, and may even influence the course of our future politics. Perhaps nothing will be as surprising about 21st-century America as its settledness. For more th
8、an a generation Americans have believed that “spatial mobility“ would increase, and, as it did, feed a trend toward rootlessness and anomie(社会道德沦丧 ). In 2000, Harvards Robert Putnam made a point in Bowling Alone, in which he wrote about the “civic malaise“ he saw gripping the country. In Putnams vie
9、w, society was being undermined, largely due to suburbanization and what he called “the growth of mobility.“ Yet in reality Americans actually are becoming less nomadic(游牧的 ). As recently as the 1970s as many as one in five people moved annually; by 2006, long before the current recession took hold,
10、 that number was 14 percent, the lowest rate since the census(人口普查 ) starting following movement in 1940. Since then tougher times have accelerated these trends, in large part because opportunities to sell houses and find new employment have dried up. In 2008, the total number of people changing res
11、idences was less than those who did so in 1962, when the country had 120 million fewer people. The stay-at-home trend appears particularly strong among aging boomers, who stay tied to their suburban homes-close to family, friends, clubs, churches, and familiar surroundings. The trend will not bring
12、back the comer grocery stores and the declining organizations-bowling leagues, Boy Scouts, and such-cited by Putnam and others as the traditional glue of American communities. Nor will our caroriented suburbs copy the close neighborhood feel so celebrated by romantic urbanists. Instead, were evolvin
13、g in ways fit for a postindustrial society. It will not spell the decline of Wal-Mart or Costco, but will express itself in scores of alternative institutions, such as thriving local weekly newspapers that have withstood the shift to the Internet far better than big-city dailies. Our less mobile nat
14、ure is already reshaping the corporate world. The kind of corporate mobility described in Peter Kilborns recent book, Next Stop, Reloville: Life Inside Americas Rootless Professional Class, in which families relocate every couple of years so the breadwinner can reach a higher step on the managerial
15、ladder, will become less common in years ahead. A smaller group of corporate executives may still move from place to place, but surveys reveal many executives are now unwilling to move even for a good promotion. Why? Family and technology are two key factors working against mobility, in the workplac
16、e and elsewhere. Family, as one Pew researcher notes, “matters more than money when people make decisions about where to live.“ Interdependence is replacing independence. More parents are helping their children financially well into their 30s and 40s; the numbers of “boomerang kids“ moving back home
17、 with their parents, has also been growing as job options and the ability to buy houses has decreased for the young. Recent surveys of the emerging generation suggest this family-centric focus will last well into the coming decades. Nothing allows for geographic choice more than the ability to work
18、at home. Demographer (人口学家 ) Wendell Cox suggests there will be more people working electronically at home full time than taking mass transportation, making it the largest potential source of energy savings on transportation. In the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles, almost one in 10 workers is
19、 a part-time telecommuter. Some studies indicate that more than one quarter of the U.S. workforce could eventually participate in this new work pattern. Even IBM, whose initials were once jokingly said to stand for “Ive Been Moved,“ has changed its approach. About 40 percent of the companys workers
20、now labor at home or remotely from a clients location. These home-based workers become critical to the localist economy. They will eat in local restaurants, attend fairs and festivals, take their kids to soccer practices, ballet lessons, or religious youth-group meetings. This is not merely a suburb
21、an phenomenon; localism also means a stronger sense of identity for urban neighborhoods as well as smaller towns. Could the new localism also affect our future politics? Throughout our history, we have always preferred our politics more on the home-cooked side. On his visit to America in the early 1
22、830s, Alexis de Tocqueville was struck by the de-centralized nature of the country. “The intelligence and the power are spread abroad,“ he wrote, “and instead of radiating from a point, they cross each other in every direction.“ This is much the same today. The majority of Americans still live in a
23、combination of smaller towns and cities, including many suburban towns within large metropolitan regions. After decades of hurried mobility, we are seeing a return to placeness, along with more choices for individuals, families, and communities. For entrepreneurs like Kevin Culhane and his workers a
24、t Churchills, its a phenomenon that may also offer a lease on years of new profits. “Were holding our own in these times because we appeal to the people around here,“ Culhane says. And as places like Long Island become less bedroom community and more round-the-clock location for work and play, hes l
25、ikely to have plenty of hungry customers. 2 Most customers of Churchills Restaurant are_. （ A） tourists （ B） old customers （ C） newcomers （ D） drunks 3 With the economic recovery, new localism tends to _. （ A） influence future less （ B） gradually die away （ C） become stronger （ D） spread worldwide 4
26、 What was undermining the society according to Robert Putnam? （ A） Spatial mobility. （ B） Suburbanization and growing mobility. （ C） Rootlessness and anomie. （ D） Civil malaise. 5 The stay-at home trends have accelerated since 2006 mainly because _. （ A） the recession began to expand （ B） the popula
27、tion increased greatly （ C） it was harder to sell houses and find jobs （ D） the baby boomers had retired 6 What will the tendency of settledness result in? （ A） The decline of big supermarkets. （ B） Revival of traditional communities. （ C） Close neighborhood feel. （ D） Prosperity of local newspapers
28、. 7 According to Kilborns book, people relocate constantly to _. （ A） find new challenges （ B） refresh themselves （ C） get a promotion （ D） get independence 8 Demographer Wendell Cox predicates that _. （ A） the family-centric focus will be more common （ B） more people will take full-time jobs at hom
29、e （ C） one in 10 people will have a part time job （ D） IBM will change its work pattern 9 When visiting the US in 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville found that the nature of the country was_. 10 With the fading of hurried mobility,_is returning, providing more choices for individuals, families and communi
30、ties. 11 The changes from bedroom community to_in places like Long Island make profits for local economy. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Bot
31、h the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She has trouble getting along with the professor. （ B） She knows that the profess
32、or has run into trouble. （ C） She knows that the professor has been very busy this term. （ D） She regrets having taken up much of the professors time. （ A） He is used to the cold weather. （ B） He expected the weather to be warmer. （ C） He has never liked the weather in April. （ D） He didnt see the f
33、orecast for next week. （ A） He wont go shopping without a guard. （ B） He left his room key in a shop. （ C） He cant get into the guard room. （ D） He couldnt find his room key. （ A） Wait for a taxi. （ B） Buy some food. （ C） Take a train. （ D） Book train tickets. （ A） She feels uncomfortable in water.
34、（ B） She prefers swimming to sailing. （ C） She is also excited about sailing. （ D） She isnt sure how she feels about sailing. （ A） The lectures are usually crowded. （ B） The lecture has already started. （ C） It is easy for them to get seats. （ D） The lecture may be canceled. （ A） He will finish the
35、paper rafter playing basketball. （ B） He hasnt finished doing his assignment yet. （ C） He stays in the dormitory with his roommates. （ D） He is playing basketball with his roommates. （ A） Meet him at the cafeteria. （ B） Go to the cafeteria without him. （ C） Bring him something from the cafeteria. （
36、D） Wait for a while until he becomes hungry. 20 What kind of hobbies does the woman like best? （ A） Outdoor hobbies. （ B） Indoor hobbies. （ C） Money-saving hobbies. （ D） Time-consuming hobbies. 21 What do we know about the womans learning knitting? （ A） She learned it when she was a small child. （ B
37、） She started it when she was a student. （ C） She didnt learn it until she left school. （ D） She started it after she was married. 22 How did the woman learn to do most of the handy things in her hobbies? （ A） By attending special courses. （ B） With the help of her friends. （ C） By reading books on
38、hobbies. （ D） Under the guidance of her mother. 23 What kind of license does the man have? （ A） An international drivers license. （ B） An Arizona drivers license. （ C） A regular license. （ D） A limited license. 24 What is the difference between a regular license and a five-year license? （ A） A regul
39、ar license will cost much more money. （ B） A regular license has a shorter effective period. （ C） A five-year license is much easier to get for students. （ D） A five-year license is more popular among students. 25 In what condition can the international drivers license be used in the U.S.? （ A） An I
40、talian student studies for two years. （ B） An Italian immigrant resides for ever. （ C） A Spanish tourist is on a visit for half a year. （ D） A Spanish teacher teaches for three years. 26 What happened when the man was out? （ A） Someone phoned. （ B） Someone came. （ C） The woman went out. （ D） The wom
41、an phoned the man. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,
42、B, C and D. （ A） In Africa. （ B） In Chicago. （ C） In Washington. （ D） In California. （ A） It is found that people who work at mental jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ B） It is found that people who work at physical jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ C） It
43、 is found that people who work at heavy jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ D） It is found that people who work at easy jobs experience fewer heart attacks than other people. （ A） Machines can do all the physical work for man. （ B） Machines can do all the mental work for man. （
44、C） All heavy labor should be replaced by machines. （ D） All heavy labor shouldnt be replaced by machines. （ A） He found a piece of chocolate in his pocket. （ B） He was given a piece of chocolate by someone. （ C） He found a large dog by his gate. （ D） He found his dog lost. （ A） The dogs real name wa
45、s Bingo. （ B） The dog belonged to one of Alberts neighbors. （ C） The dog was named Bingo by Albert. （ D） The dog loved bones very much. （ A） Because the dog didnt appear any longer. （ B） Because Albert couldnt afford the chocolate any longer. （ C） Because Albert didnt love the dog animal. （ D） Becau
46、se the dog died. （ A） Dreams about a comfortable little home. （ B） Dreams about becoming an American citizen. （ C） Dreams about family life. （ D） Dreams about books and stories. （ A） Suburbs. （ B） City. （ C） Village. （ D） Town. （ A） Cooking foods for the whole family. （ B） Helping children study. （
47、C） Paying the bills every month （ D） Making a living for the whole family. （ A） They quarrel with each other. （ B） They hide these feelings. （ C） They tell them to others. （ D） They report these feeling. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is
48、read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing i
49、nformation. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Music which is【 B1】 _is individual and personal. That is to say, it can be【 B2】_as belonging to a【 B3】 _composer. It has particular【 B4】 _, or a style, which are not copied from one another. If you can【 B5】 _the style of a composer, you will probably be able to tell that a certain composition belongs to him or her even though you have never heard it b
