1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 49及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter of Application. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 所修专业、学习成绩 2. 英语水平 3. 能 力及业余爱好 A Letter of Application 二、 Part II Reading Comprehens
2、ion (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the state
3、ment contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 2 How Jazz Began After slavery was abolished in 1863, those former slaves who were in and near New Orleans found themselves surrounded by many different kinds of music. Among the
4、 freed slaves, two very different types of music developed from the African rhythms that had formed the basis for the Negroes work songs. One line of musical development led to the creation of religious songs, which were called spirituals. The other produced songs that were not religious, but worldl
5、y; these songs were called blues. In the years following the end of the Civil War in 1865, a whole new musical world opened up to the freed Negroes. They have had musical instruments when they were slaves, but these were mostly stringed instruments. Now they were able to use professionally-made wind
6、 instruments. Many of these were horns that had been left behind by soldiers in the northern and southern armies. The freed slaves taught themselves to play these wind instruments, inventing their own methods of relating horn sounds to the sounds made by human voices. At first, they played the hymns
7、 and marches familiar to them. But these musicians were basically singers, and when they blew on the horns they tried to produce what they could hear “singing“ in their minds. Through these “singing horns“, the marches and hymns developed a rhythm they had never had before. The horns also gave the p
8、layers the addition of two “blue“ notesa flattened third and a flattened seventh. This was characteristic of Negro singing that became a basic characteristic of jazz. There was still another element contributing to the development of jazz. This was a kind of piano music which was called ragtime(拉格泰姆
9、音乐 ). In ragtime, the piano player keeps a steady beat with his left hand while his right hand changes the beat in unexpected ways. This produces an effect called syncopation(切分 )another characteristic of jazz. The first important jazz band was a group led by Buddy Bolden, a barber. In 1895 and 1896
10、 Bolden was known as the “King“ among New Orleans musicians. When Bolden played for outdoor dancing in a park, his playing was powerful enough to attract all the dancers from another park a block away. “Calling my children home“ was how Bold- en described this. For Boldens band and others that grew
11、up around it in New Orleans, each player could compose his music while he was playing it; the music was improvised(即兴创作 ), not written in advance. Usually there was no piano because these bands served many purposes: playing for dances at night, marching in daytime parades, playing for funerals or ri
12、ding around the city on wagons to advertise products. As a result, the piano in jazz developed in a separate line of its own until the 1920s. As the nineteenth century became the twentieth, Negro bands were being heard more and more on the streets of New Orleans. Included in the crowd of listeners w
13、ho followed them were black youngsters such as Louis Armstrong, The new music excited young white musicians, too, and soon there were white bands trying to copy this Negro style of playing. But the “blue“ tones that came so naturally to the Negroes were not easy for the white musicians. For them, th
14、e ragtime rhythms were easier than the curving roll of Negro music. The white musicians created the foundation for what is now called Dixieland jazz. At first, jazz was known as “good-time music“; it was mainly music for dancing. In New Orleans, and in other towns in the United Sates, jazz was most
15、often heard it sections of the town where “respectable“ citizens were not supposed to be seen. Thus, in New Orleans, this young style of music became popular during the first twenty years of the twentieth century in Storyville, a section of the city where streets were lined with dance halls and bars
16、, along with even less acceptable places for entertainment. In 1917, during Word War I, the bars and other establishments in Storyville were closed and jazz musicians began looking for other places to work. By then, some had already moved up the Mississippi River to Memphis, St, Louis, and Chicago,
17、working their way north on riverboats. Many of those boats carried dance hands made up of New Orleans musicians. Traveling with the bands was a broadening experience for the musicians, who were usually self-taught. Louis Armstrong, who had played without instruction before he traveled on a riverboat
18、, was taught to read music by a horn player on the S.S. Sidney. Most of the musicians who had left New Orleans wanted to go to Chicago. When the United States passed a law against selling alcoholic drinks in 1920, the unlawful sale of liquor became profitable for criminals in big cities. Despite the
19、 law, there were large restaurants in Chicago where people could buy alcoholic drinks and dance. Chicago had a free-and-easy atmosphere much like that of Storyvillle. It was in Chicago that Louis Armstrong became famous. By that time he began making records under his own name, in 1925, Armstrong was
20、 a star. His playing of a solowhile the others in the band remain silentwas the major event in every performance. While Armstrong was changing the nature of jazz in Chicago, other changes were developing in the northeastern part of the United States. Around Baltimore and Washington and New York and
21、Boston, the piano, which, had been left out of New Orleans jazz, was becoming important. The main figure in this period of jazz history was James P. Johnson, a pianist from New Jersey who played in Harlem, the largest Negro section of New York City. Johnson and others(including Duke Ellington from W
22、ashington) usually played at “rent parties“ in Harlem, where the money collected from listeners was used to pay the hosts rent. During this same period, white musicians in New York were playing music similar to Dixieland jazz. The Original Dixieland Jazz Band(or ODJB, as this band is usually known)
23、was a group of five New Orleans musicians who performed at Reisenwebers Restaurant in New York early in 1917. As a result of their success, the ODJB became the first jazz band to be beard on records throughout the United States. They set a style that continues to this day. Since the time of ODJB, ja
24、zz has continued to change and develop. Bands have grown in size. Some jazz bands have included musicians with university education; jazz has spread and become popular among all classes of people in the U.S.A. and abroad. During the 1930s, famous bands traveled in buses from town to town. Some settl
25、ed into ballrooms or theaters or hotels for weeks or months at a time. Every college wanted to engage a famous band for the big dance of the year. Jazz, which had been born among the poor, was making many rich. More recently, smaller bands have again become popular. Many bands now play only for list
26、ening, not for dancing. Some have women singers as their stars. New instruments have been introduced; today jazz musicians and instruments come from all parts of the world. 2 The passage gives a general description of the origin and development of Jazz. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 After the slavery was
27、ended, two major types of music developed from Negroes work songs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Before the slaves were freed, they had their own instruments, such as stringed instruments and wind instruments. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The most important one of Jazzs characteristics is the two “blue“ notes.
28、 （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 The members in Bolden needed to compose their music in advance before the performance. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 When Negro Jazz bands became popular, the white musicians became interested and began to imitate their style. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 When Jazz came into being at f
29、irst, it soon became popular and was accepted by the upper-class. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 During World War I, some jazz musicians moved up to Chicago, where Armstrong changed_. 10 The first jazz band whose songs were heard on records around America was known as_. 11 Since the time of ODJB, jazz beca
30、me more popular, some jazz band even had musicians with_. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spo
31、ken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The woman may help David with his project. （ B） David hasnt even started working on his project yet. （ C） The man has told David
32、to consult an expert on the project. （ D） The woman doesnt know much about accounting, either. （ A） He doesnt want the woman to pay him the money. （ B） He doesnt remember how much the groceries cost. （ C） Picking up groceries for the woman is virtually worth nothing. （ D） The woman has forgotten abo
33、ut the concert tickets paid for him last week. （ A） He welcomes the woman telephoning at any time. （ B） He will telephone the woman as often as he can. （ C） He is not that far away if the woman wants to visit. （ D） He doesnt believe that the woman will really miss him. （ A） She wants to hand in her
34、report as soon as possible. （ B） She cant even decide what she will do tonight. （ C） She will be very likely to go to the symphony with the man. （ D） She cant go to the symphony because of her unfinished report. （ A） She will go when she feels better. （ B） She will go in spite of the cold weather. （
35、 C） She wont go since she is not feeling well. （ D） She wont go as she hasnt finished his work （ A） Such a trip is necessary for the company. （ B） The boss has not yet decided where to go. （ C） He is afraid he wont be chosen for the trip. （ D） Its not certain whether the trip wilt take place. （ A） T
36、he doctor is not available until late the next morning. （ B） If the man wants the best doctor he Should try Dr. Noon. （ C） If the man wants a suitable doctor he should wait until 12 oclock. （ D） The doctor who usually handles these things is not in in the mornings. （ A） The woman should join the che
37、ss club. （ B） The woman needs a lot of time to play chess. （ C） He himself is not a very good chess player, either. （ D） Hes willing to teach the woman how to play chess. （ A） A recording artist. （ B） A French teacher. （ C） A student. （ D） A teaching assistant. （ A） It needs to have more French less
38、on tapes. （ B） It needs to have its controls repaired. （ C） It is different from all the other laboratories. （ D） It can be operated rather easily. （ A） Change her class schedule. （ B） Fill out a job application. （ C） Organize tapes on the shelves. （ D） Work on the French lessons. （ A） To ask for he
39、lp finding a job. （ B） To ask him to give her some advice. （ C） To invite him to go shopping with her later. （ D） To find out what hes doing during the summer. （ A） Because she might get a good job later. （ B） Because she could stay at a hotel at a discount （ C） Because she might be able to get cour
40、se credits for her work. （ D） Because itd give her a chance to make a lot of money immediately. （ A） Its strictness about punctuality. （ B） Its long-hour work. （ C） Its expensive rent. （ D） Its lower pay. （ A） Visit the hotel. （ B） Work in the clothing store. （ C） Continue her job search for a while
41、. （ D） Make extra money while taking classes. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from
42、the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Easy Ways to Make Friends （ B） Ups and Downs in Friendship （ C） How to Mend a Troubled Friendship （ D） How to Take the Lead in Making Friends （ A） Only if we have much in common. （ B） Only if we know our friendsmistakes. （ C） Only if we treat our disagreem
43、ents wisely. （ D） Only if we have known one another for long. （ A） Stick to our own points of view. （ B） Make an apology first. （ C） Avoid making mistakes. （ D） Change our lifestyles. （ A） It should be avoided. （ B） It is universal among parents. （ C） It sets up dangerous states of worry in the chil
44、d. （ D） It will make him lose interest in learning new things. （ A） Create as many learning opportunities as possible. （ B） Seek more influence from school than that from at home. （ C） Encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read. （ D） Achieve a balance between pushing
45、them too hard and leaving them on their own. （ A） Observe the rules themselves. （ B） Consistently ensure the security of their children. （ C） Forbid things which have no foundation in morality. （ D） Be aware of the marked difference between adults and children. （ A） To report on the findings of a st
46、udy. （ B） To give information about family problems. （ C） To show the relationship between parents and children. （ D） To teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table. （ A） Because they are busy serving food to their children. （ B） Because they are busy keeping order at the dinner table. （ C）
47、 Because they have to pay more attention to younger children. （ D） Because they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family. （ A） TV is important in family life. （ B） Parents should keep good order. （ C） Children in small families seem to be quieter. （ D） Middle children seem to have mor
48、e difficulties in life. （ A） It is important to have the right food for children. （ B） It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner. （ C） Parents should talk to each of their children frequently. （ D） Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner. Section C Directions: In this section,
49、you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 37 After retiring from 30 years of teaching, Ethbel
