1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 509及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition based on the topic “On the Mobile Phone“. The outline is given below in Chinese. Your composition should be no less than 120 words. Remember to write clearly. 1. 手机的好处 ; 2. 可能带来的问题
2、; 3. 如何正确使用这个通迅工具。 On the Mobile Phone 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agree
3、s with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Car Pollution Jump in the car, start your engine and youre off. But do you give any thought to whats coming
4、out of the tailpipe as you go about your drive? Carbon dioxide is the dominant greenhouse gas that causes global warming. The effects of global warming are uncertain, but they potentially include disruption of global weather patterns and ecosystems, flooding, severe storm, and droughts. Carbon monox
5、ide, when inhaled, combines with haemoglobin in our blood, impairing the flow of oxygen to our brain and other parts of the body. Carbon monoxide is colourless, odourless, and poisonous even to healthy people (at high levels). It can seriously affect people with heart disease, and can affect the cen
6、tral nervous system. Motor vehicles are the main source of carbon monoxide pollution in many countries. Sulphur oxides contribute to respiratory illness, particularly in children and the elderly, and aggravate existing heart and lung diseases. It contributes to the formation of acid rain, which dama
7、ges trees, crops, and buildings; and makes soils, lakes, and streams acidic. Nitrogen oxide is a noxious pollutant. It is a lung irritant and reacts with compounds in the air to cause acid rain and ozone (the main reason for smog). Nitrogen oxide is one of the main ingredients involved in the format
8、ion of ground-level ozone (which can trigger serious respiratory problems), and contributes to global warming. Particulate matter, consisting of tiny particles of smoke, soot and dust primarily from engines, car parts, tires, and diesel exhaust, are an established cause of lung problems, from shortn
9、ess of breath to worsening of respiratory and cardiovascular disease, damage to lung tissues, and cancer. The EPA estimates that particulate pollution kills more than 60,000 people per year. In addition, particulates are associated with increased hospital ad missions and emergency room visits for pe
10、ople with heart and lung disease, as well as work and school absences. Particulates can travel deep into the lungs, or in smaller form, directly into the bloodstream. Hydrocarbons, in their many forms, are directly hazardous, contributing to what are collectively called “air toxics.“ These compounds
11、 directly irritate the lung and other tissues, can cause cancer, contribute to birth defects, and cause other illnesses. Lead damages organs, affects the brain, nerves, heart, and blood. Although overall blood lead levels have decreased since 1976, urban areas with high levels of traffic or industri
12、al facilities that burn fuel may still have high lead levels in air. In 1999, ten areas of the country did not meet the national health-based air quality standards for lead. Hybrid cars use less gas, and therefore produce fewer emissions, than conventional cars. Take a look at the statistics below (
13、based on a car travelling 14,000 miles per year). A conventional car produces 11,100 pounds of CO2 per year, compared with the 4,800 pounds of CO2 produced by a hybrid car. A conventional car produces 330 pounds of carbon monoxide per year, compared with the 230 pounds produced by a hybrid car. A co
14、nventional car produces 49 pounds of nitrogen oxide per year, compared with the 17 pounds produced by a hybrid car. A conventional car produces 670 grams of particulate matter per year, compared with the 240 grams produced by a hybrid car. A conventional car produces 29 pounds of hydrocarbons per ye
15、ar, compared with the 8 pounds produced by a hybrid car. Rolling Up Your Window Wont Help Exposure to some car pollutants may be much higher inside your car than outside. Commuters driving in rush hour get the highest exposure, often from pollutants emitted by vehicles ahead of them. You are basical
16、ly driving in and through - and contributing to - a lethal cocktail of air pollution. Other Impacts on the Environment When you think of pollution from cars, the first thing that comes to mind is noxious fumes. But the ,problems dont stop with air pollution. The environmental consequences associated
17、 with cars are much wider. Water Pollution Runoff of oil, automotive fluids, and roadway chemicals are estimated at hundreds of thousands of tons per year, and are considered the leading source of impairment to rivers. In addition, hundreds of thousands of potential leaks from underground fuel stora
18、ge tanks threaten groundwater, and improperly disposed of used motor oil ends up in waterways. Noise Pollution Noise from car traffic, and loud car stereos and alarms, has become so ubiquitous that we barely notice it anymore - but its taking its toll. Recent census data indicates that 1 in 8 Americ
19、an households suffer from bothersome noise from the street or traffic. Problems related to noise include hearing loss, stress, high blood pressure, sleep loss, distraction, and lost productivity, and a general reduction in the quality of life and opportunities for tranquility. Solid Waste Over 10 mi
20、llion automobiles are scrapped every year, creating approximately seven billion pounds of unrecycled scrap and waste every year. Approximately 800 million tires are stockpiled in dumps around the country, creating a serious fire hazard and an ongoing environmental hazard. Every stockpiled tire sheds
21、 rubber each year, spewing minute grains of rubber into the atmosphere and back down into the water supply and human lungs. Wildlife The Humane Society estimates that around a million animals die on U. S. roads every day. Agriculture Air and water pollution from vehicles compromises the growth, repr
22、oduction and over all health of plants, which are susceptible to disease, pests, and environmental stress. It reduces agricultural yields for many economically important crops, such as soybean, wheat, and cotton. The Built-up Environment During the last century, an area roughly equal to all the arab
23、le land in Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania was paved in the United States - requiting maintenance costs of over $ 200 million a day and trapping us in large, sprawling and undesirable concrete jungles. Approximately one-third of an average citys land is devoted to roads and other car-related elements
24、. Interstate highways cut through and divide countless neighbourhoods, taking homes and destroying businesses. We add more and more roads, encouraging wider use of private cars and ever-increasing traffic congestion. 2 The passage gives an insight into how the United States could develop a new trans
25、port policy for the 21st century. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Low levels of carbon monoxide are not poisonous for healthy individuals. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 The use of cars creates particulate matter in different ways, rather than just one. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 In the United States, the only pollut
26、ant for which there is a national air quality standard is lead. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Out of the seven pollutants mentioned in the first half of the article, hybrid cars produce fewer pollutants in at least five cases. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Noise pollution is annoying, but does not result in any
27、 physical problems for people living in noisy areas. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The United States produced higher crop harvests before roads took away land and pollution affected crops. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Pollutants from cars cause _ , which can damage buildings and pollute rivers. 10 Pollutants f
28、rom cars create a _ which people in cars are most exposed to. 11 Particulate matter caused by cars is still a problem after the car has been taken off the roads forever, because particles from _ pollute the atmosphere and water. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversati
29、ons and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D,
30、and decide which is the best answer. （ A） They are good friends. （ B） They work together. （ C） The man is repairing the photocopier for the woman. （ D） They are meeting for the first time. （ A） Use a computer program. （ B） Watch TV. （ C） Install an electrical system. （ D） Use a car radio. （ A） The w
31、oman bought a cake. （ B） The woman baked a cake. （ C） The woman forgot about the cake. （ D） The woman will buy a cake. （ A） She told some people about a wedding they were not invited to. （ B） She told some people about a wedding before they were supposed to know. （ C） She invited some people to the
32、wedding, even though the man didnt want them to attend. （ D） She told some people that she and the man were getting married. （ A） Yes, she is. （ B） No, she isnt. （ C） She is, but she will quit soon. （ D） She isnt, but she soon will be. （ A） They are planning to meet at Christmas. （ B） They are makin
33、g financial arrangements. （ C） They are saying good-bye. （ D） They are making friends. （ A） The man and woman are talking about different concerts. （ B） The man and woman have heard different things about the same concert. （ C） The man and woman are going to a concert together. （ D） The woman has he
34、ard that tonights concert will be interesting. （ A） The mans major is genetics. （ B） The man and woman are studying together. （ C） The man sometimes works on more than one project at a time. （ D） The man has completed one project and started another. （ A） They give too much information. （ B） They di
35、stract from the speaker. （ C） People get tired of them. （ D） They dont give enough information. （ A） a group of people she has never met before. （ B） a group of people she has met before. （ C） a group of young, junior people. （ D） a group of higher-ups. （ A） He is higher up than the woman. （ B） He g
36、ives more presentations than the woman. （ C） He is interested in increasing efficiency. （ D） He prefers slides with brighter backgrounds. （ A） Because he/she hasnt seen your CV. （ B） Because he/she wants to make sure you are not lying on your CV. （ C） Because he/she wants to know how it relates to t
37、he job you are applying for. （ D） Because he/she wants to sec if you are articulate. （ A） You will not get the job. （ B） There usually arent right answers. （ C） You will appear inarticulate. （ D） The interviewer will check your CV for the answer. （ A） People with such skills save them time and money
38、. （ B） People with such skills are more intelligent. （ C） People with such skills are usually better educated. （ D） They are not, but they are important for job interviews. （ A） Your appearance. （ B） Qualifications and experience. （ C） Communication skills and your personality. （ D） cross-cultural c
39、ommunication skills. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A
40、, B, C and D. （ A） over 100. （ B） over 150. （ C） over 250. （ D） over 350. （ A） River Thames. （ B） River Rhine. （ C） River Nile. （ D） River Danube. （ A） government buildings. （ B） boats and lakes. （ C） theatres and shopping. （ D） parks and trees. （ A） Beijing. （ B） Hong Kong. （ C） Shenzhen. （ D） Shan
41、ghai. （ A） red, white and blue. （ B） blue, black, brown and green. （ C） white, brown and black. （ D） blonde, brown, black and red. （ A） Lincoln, Edinburgh and Cardiff. （ B） London, Birmingham and Manchester. （ C） London, Edinburgh and Cardiff. （ D） London, Lincoln and Manchester. （ A） tiny （ B） ankl
42、e biter （ C） elf （ D） gnome （ A） Mary （ B） McBee （ C） Maggie （ D） Missy （ A） reaching things on shelves （ B） seeing over the hood of her car （ C） carrying her luggage （ D） riding her bicycle （ A） because she enjoys the music （ B） in order to see the concert （ C） to lose weight （ D） for exercise Sect
43、ion C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you
44、have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 A battle has been going on over who governs the internet, with America demanding to maintain a key rol
45、e in the network it helped create and other countries demanding more control. The European commission is【 B1】 _that if a deal cannot be【 B2】 _at a meeting in Tunisia next month the internet will【 B3】 _apart. At issue is the role of the US government in【 B4】 _the internets address structure, called t
46、he domain name system(DNS), which【 B5】 _communication between the worlds computers. It is【 B6】 _by the California based, not-for profit Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers(Icann)under contract to the US department of commerce. A meeting of【 B7】 _in Geneva last month was meant to【 B8】
47、 _a way of sharing internet governance which politicians could unveil at the UN-sponsored World Summit on the Information Society in Tunis on November 16-18.【 B9】 _ Viviane Reding, European IT commissioner, says that if a multilateral approach can not be agreed, countries such as China, Russia, Braz
48、il and some Arab states could start operating their own versions of the internet and the ubiquity that has made it such a success will disappear.【 B10】 _. The US government, which funded the development of the internet in the 60s, said in June it intended to retain its role overseeing Icann, renegin
49、g on a pledge made during Bill Clintons presidency.【 B11】 _. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleas
