1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 545及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled My Best Friend. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 你最好的朋友是个什么样子的人？ 2. 你们如何成为好朋友的？ My Best Friend 二、 Part II Reading Comprehensi
2、on (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statem
3、ent contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Whats Happening While Sleeping? Sleep is very important to humans. The average person spends 220,000 hours of a lifetime sleeping. Until about thirty years ago, no one knew much
4、 about sleep. Then doctors and scientists began doing research in sleep laboratories. They have learned a great deal by studying people as they sleep, but there is still much they dont understand. Scientists study the body characteristics that change during sleep, such as body temperature, brain wav
5、es, blood pressure, breathing, and heartbeat. They also study rapid eye movement (REM). These scientists have learned that there is a kind of sleep with REM and another kind with no rapid eye movement (NREM). NREM is divided into three stages. In stage one, when you start to go to sleep, you have a
6、pleasant floating feeling. A sudden noise can wake you up. In stage two, you sleep more deeply, and a noise will probably not wake you. In stage three, which you reach in less than thirty minutes, the brain waves are less active and stretched out. Then, within another half hour, you reach REM sleep.
7、 This stage might last an hour and a half and is the time when you dream. For the rest of the night, REM and NREM alternate. Body movement during sleep occurs just before the REM stage. The average person moves about thirty times during sleep each night. Sleep is a biological need, but your brain ne
8、ver really sleeps. It is never actually blank. The things that were on your mind during the day are still there at night. They appear as dreams, which people have been discussing for centuries. At times people believed that dreams had magical powers or that they could tell the future. Sometimes drea
9、ms are terrifying, but they are usually a collection of scattered, confused thoughts. If you dream about something that is worrying you, you may wake up exhausted, sweating, and with a rapid heartbeat. Dreams have positive effects on our lives. During a dream, the brain may concentrate on a problem
10、and look for different solutions. Also, people who dream during a good night s sleep are more likely to remember newly learned skills. In other words, you learn better if you dream. Researchers say that normal people may have four or five REM periods of dreaming a night. The first one may begin only
11、 a half hour after falling asleep. Each period of dreaming is a little longer, the last one lasting up to an hour. Dreams also become more intense as the night continues. Nightmares usually occur toward dawn. People dream in color, but many don t remember the colors. Certain people can control some
12、of their dreams. They make sure they have a happy ending. Some people get relief from bad dreams by writing them down and then changing the negative stories or thoughts into positive ones on the written paper. Then they study the paper before they go to sleep again. Many people talk in their sleep,
13、but it is usually just confusing half sentences. They might feel embarrassed when someone tells them they were talking in their sleep, but they probably didnt tell any secrets. Sleepwalking is most common among children. They usually grow out of it by the time they become adolescents. Children don t
14、 remember that they were walking in their sleep, and they don t usually wake up if the parent leads them back to bed. Some people have the habit of grinding their teeth while they sleep. They wake up with a sore jaw or a headache, and they can also damage their teeth. Researchers don t know why peop
15、le talk, walk, or grind their teeth while they are asleep. There are lots of jokes about snoring, but it isn t really funny. People snore because they have trouble breathing while asleep. Some snorers have a condition called sleep apnea (呼吸暂停 ). They stop breathing up to thirty or forty times an hou
16、r because the throat muscles relax too much and block the airway. Then they breathe in some air and start snoring. This is a dangerous condition because, if the brain is without oxygen for 4 minutes, there will be permanent brain damage. Sleep apnea can also cause irregular heartbeat, a general lack
17、 of energy, and high blood pressure. Most people need 7.5 to 8.5 hours of sleep a night, but this varies with individuals. Babies sleep eighteen hours, and old people need less sleep than younger people. If someone continually sleeps longer than normal for no apparent reason, there must be something
18、 physically or psychologically wrong. You cannot save hours of sleep the way you save money in the bank. If you have only 5 hours of sleep for three nights, you don t need to sleep an extra 9 hours on the weekend. And it doesn t do any good to sleep extra hours ahead of time when you know you will h
19、ave to stay up late. What should you do if you have trouble sleeping? Lots of people take sleeping pills, but these are dangerous because they are habit-forming. If you take them for several weeks, it is hard to stop taking them. Doctors say the best thing is to try to relax and to avoid bad habits.
20、 If you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this sets a good and healthy rhythm in your life. Caffeine keeps people awake, so don t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smoking and alcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble sleeping if you have a heavy meal just before yo
21、u go to bed. Eat earlier in the evening. You may also have trouble steeping if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is when you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax them. Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you re
22、ach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. Then remember some pleasant experience you had and relive it. If you are thinking about a problem or about something exciting that is going to happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help take it off your mind. You can
23、 also get up and read or watch television. Be sure to choose a book or show that is not too exciting, or you may get so interested that you won t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy. 2 This passage is mainly about the dreams and sleeping problems that we may have during sleep. （ A） Y （ B）
24、N （ C） NG 3 The third stage of NREM is the time when you dream. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 One s brain becomes blank when he or she doesn t have a dream. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Emotional people tend to have more dreams. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Parents are not supposed to lead their sleepwalking childr
25、en back to bed because that will wake them up. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Relaxed throat muscles block the airway of a sleeping person and leads to his/her snoring. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 When one knows that he or she has to stay up late in the evening, he or she should sleep extra hours ahead of it.
26、（ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 Some people can make sure these dreams have _ by controlling some of their dreams. 10 A lack of oxygen for the brain for 4 minutes will cause _. 11 According to doctors, the best solution to sleeping problems is to try to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hea
27、r 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices ma
28、rked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The woman will drink only a bit of coffee. （ B） The woman is thirsty. （ C） The woman is starving for only having a bit of coffee today. （ D） The woman needs coffee to keep herself awake. （ A） Three days and a half. （ B） Seven days and a h
29、alf. （ C） A whole week. （ D） Half a day. （ A） Teacher. （ B） Dentist. （ C） Flight attendant. （ D） Tour guide. （ A） The chocolate cookie tastes terrible. （ B） The chocolate cookie is very delicious. （ C） Jack will never make such cookies. （ D） He got the only one in this world. （ A） She is not the one
30、 who left the door unlocked. （ B） She doesn t want the man to look at her. （ C） She intends to divert the man s attention. （ D） She won t leave the door unlocked again. （ A） The train is delayed. （ B） The train has left. （ C） The train leaves three times a day. （ D） Someone gave the woman wrong info
31、rmation. （ A） Go to watch the baseball match. （ B） Drive to work. （ C） Try to fix the car. （ D） Stop working and have some rest. （ A） She didnt come because she cant stand the smoke in the pub. （ B） She is regretful for not going to the party. （ C） She is a heavy smoker and can t help smoking at the
32、 party. （ D） She doesnt like going to parties very much. （ A） A vacation trip to Yellowstone Park. （ B） A lecture by a visiting professor. （ C） Her biology thesis. （ D） A research project. （ A） More buffalo are surviving the winter. （ B） Fewer buffalo are dying of disease. （ C） More buffalo are bein
33、g born. （ D） Fewer buffalo are being killed by hunters. （ A） She is from Wyoming. （ B） She needs the money. （ C） She has been studying animal diseases. （ D） Her thesis adviser is heading the project. （ A） There arent enough cabinets. （ B） There is too much noise. （ C） Office supplies are taking up s
34、pace. （ D） Some teaching assistants dont have desks. （ A） To chat with Jack socially. （ B） To get help in the course. （ C） To hand in their assignments. （ D） To practice giving interviews. （ A） Give Jack a different office. （ B） Complain to the department head. （ C） Move the supplies to the storage
35、room. （ D） Try to get a room to use for meetings. （ A） Theyd have to get permission. （ B） Jack wouldnt like it. （ C） She thinks it might work. （ D） The other assistants should be consulted. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will he
36、ar some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） One year （ B） Two years （ C） Three years （ D） Four years （ A） People have to work early on their weight. （ B） Ov
37、erweight people have shorter life expectancies. （ C） Smoking is damaging to life expectancy. （ D） If people are overweight by their mid-30s to mid-40s, if they lose some weight later on, they will carry a lower risk of dying. （ A） Smoking （ B） Obesity in young adults （ C） Drinking （ D） Obesity in el
38、derly adults （ A） 20,000 （ B） 26,000 （ C） 30,000 （ D） 36,000 （ A） 55 （ B） 65 （ C） 75 （ D） 85 （ A） The only method of preventing the disease is to get flu vaccines. （ B） Dr. Morens was optimistic about the immediate future. （ C） As many as 87 percent of the 11,000 people who died from R. S.V. each ye
39、ar were 65 and older. （ D） The vaccine, which is made from a killed virus, can give people the flu. （ A） freshman （ B） sophomore （ C） junior （ D） senior （ A） Teacher and student （ B） Sisters （ C） Good friends （ D） Mother and daughter （ A） The tone students had when talking about their parents: fond,
40、 warm and admiring. （ B） The young women keep in close touch with their families, discussing matters big and small, academic and personal. （ C） Many students turn to their parents for help with everything from roommate troubles to how to improve the paper they e-mailed home. （ D） Not all college stu
41、dents are closely connected with their parents. （ A） Web access （ B） Stronger presence of parents on campus （ C） Offices created to deal with parents queries and concerns （ D） E-mail Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first ti
42、me, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these
43、 blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 On the night of the play, Albert was already made-up and【 B1】 _in his policemans uniform long before the end of the first act. He【 B2】 _looked the part all right, he thought as he【 B3】 _himself in the mirror. He eve
44、n wondered if he should go out into the street to see what【 B4】 _he made on people out there. Just for a joke, of course! Then he was seized with a sudden attack of stage fright. How could he face all those people in the【 B5】 _? He put his head in his hands and tried to remember his lines. He had on
45、ly a very small part, but his mind was a complete【 B6】 _. A knock on the door made him look up. He felt really【 B7】 _. He was due to go on【 B8】 _in the second act. Had he missed his entrance and mined the play for everybody? But it was only the producer, who noticed what a state he was in.【 B9】_, so
46、 that he could watch the play and follow in his script at the .same time.【 B10】 _. She was right, it .seemed to work. In fact,【 B11】 _And he began to feel himself part of it. Soon it was time for him to act on the stage. As it turned out, he felt quite at ease and acted his part perfectly well. 37 【
47、 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the p
48、assage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 In 1791 the French nation, in the midst of
49、 a revolution, wished to break with the past, especially with those aspects of it which they considered【 S1】 _and useless. One of those was the【 S2】 _system of weights and measures in use. Not only was the system overtly complicated, but it also varied【 S3】 _from place to place. In constructing the new【 S4】 _, the French began by setting up a unit of distance equal to one forty millionth part of the earths circumference(圆周 ). Unfortunat
