1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 546及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter of apology. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 给你的朋友 John写一封信，说明由于你的疏忽把他借给你的书弄丢了你给他 买了一本新的； 2. 表示真诚歉意； 3. 主动提出赔偿。 A letter of Apology 二、
2、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passa
3、ge; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Cholesterol (胆因醇 ) and Heart Disease Do you know your cholesterol level? Many people don t. A high level of cholesterol in the blood is an important
4、risk factor for heart disease. Some people say that the danger of heart disease is exaggerated. However, heart disease is a main cause of death in developed countries. Every year more than one million Americans have heart attacks, and half of them die. People with heart disease suffer chest pains th
5、at make simple activities, such as walking, shaving or taking a shower, difficult. Research has proven that cholesterol levels are connected with heart disease. One project in Massachusetts has studied the same group of men and women since 1948. The researchers have found that the people who have hi
6、gh levels of cholesterol have more heart attacks. A natural substance in the blood cholesterol comes from the liver. The amount of cholesterol is affected by diet and by physical qualities we inherit from out parents. One kind of cholesterol sticks fat to the walls of arteries (动脉 ), making them sma
7、ller and finally blocking them. It produces a condition called “hardening of the arteries which causes heart attacks. With tiny cameras doctors can see blood circulating through the heart valves (瓣膜 ). Angiograms (血管造影 ) are x-rays of the heart arteries. They show fat deposits and blockages caused b
8、y high cholesterol. Heart disease begins in children as young as 3 years old. It occurs earlier in boys than in girls. Nearly half of teenagers have some fat deposits on their artery walls. Heart disease develops faster if we have high cholesterol levels and also smoke. What is a safe level of chole
9、sterol? Adults have a high risk of heart attack ff their cholesterol level is about 240 milligrams per deciliter of blood. Below 200 is better. In the Massachusetts study, no one with a cholesterol level below 150 has ever had a heart attack. However, about half of American adults have cholesterol l
10、evels above 200. To lower our cholesterol. level, we must change our eating habits. Anything that comes from an animal is high in fat and high in cholesterol. The American Heart Association National Cholesterol Education Program says that fat should be no more than 30 percent of our diet. Blood chol
11、esterol levels start to fall after 2 to 3 weeks of following a low-cholesterol, low-fat diet. Dietary changes alone can result in a l0 percent reduction of the average person s cholesterol level. Aerobic exercise helps, too. Artery blockage can be reduced by as much as 40 percent through changes in
12、diet and amount of exercise. We must educate everyone, including children in elementary schools. We must teach responsibility for their health through classes in nutrition and aerobic exercise. For example, the smart snack is fruit. Children must be served fruit in the school cafeteria, along with l
13、ow-fat meals. Schools must send recipes (食谱 ) home with the children. Parents must include children in planning and preparing meals and shopping for food. Adults, including persons over the age of 65, can lower their cholesterol by 30 to 40 per cent. It is never too late to change. One man began his
14、 health program when he was seventy three. By the time he was seventy-seven, he had lowered his arterial blockage from 50 percent to 13 percent and his cholesterol from 320 to 145 without drugs. He went on a vegetarian diet with only 10 percent fat, plus programs to reduce stress and get more exerci
15、se. A low-cholesterol diet that cuts out most animal products and high-fat vegetables may be unfamiliar to people. The Heart Association says that people should use no added fat of any kind. Don t fry food in oil. Cook it in water, vinegar, or vegetable water. Learn about grains and vegetables. Avoi
16、d egg yolks (the yellow part of the egg). Eat tomatoes, beans, low-fat vegetables, and fruit. People often complain about low-fat diets before they have had time to get used to them. Food can taste good without cream, butter, and salt. You can use olive oil, mustard (芥末 ), fresh herbs, or yogurt (酸奶
17、酪 ) instead. A new diet can cause general anxiety, when people feel worried and nervous about what is going to happen. They must learn to deal with the changes in their lives. Sometimes major changes in diet or lifestyle are easier than minor ones because the results are bigger and faster. Fast resu
18、lts encourage us. How can you control the amount of fat in your diet if you eat in restaurants? Restaurants must provide healthy meals that are low in fat, salt, and cholesterol. A diet is a personal thing. Restaurant owners should not make customers feel embarrassed because they want to follow a di
19、et that is good for them. Restaurant owners must learn to give equal service to customers on a healthy diet. Some restaurants have items on the menu marked with a heart to show that they are low in fat, cholesterol, salt, or sugar. A few restaurants serve only these recipes. Heart disease causes one
20、 out of every four deaths in East Harlem in New York City. The East Harlem Healthy Heart Program is an educational one. It has 2 goals: to get people to change their diets and to find volunteers to help run educational activities. One way it educates is by street shows. Actors wear costumes and carr
21、y big pieces of plastic fat. They entertain so people will listen. Groups of children perform songs and dances that educate people about heart disease and diet. Volunteers lead walking and exercise groups to show people how to begin exercising. Volunteers also stand in supermarkets to suggest health
22、y food choices to shoppers. The volunteers have shoppers taste two kinds of milk to see which tastes better. Most people are surprised that the low-fat milk tastes better than the whole milk. Shoppers are encouraged to buy low-fat milk instead of whole milk. Education costs money, but it also brings
23、 results. In 1983, only 35 percent of the American public knew their cholesterol levels. By 1990, 65 percent of the people had had theirs checked. People feel better if they lower their cholesterol through diet. Healthy people are more confident. They are more attractive to themselves, as well as to
24、 others. Their friends stare at them because they look so healthy. We can prevent heart disease by living a healthful lifestyle and eating the right kind of diet. If people don t do this, two out of three men and women in America will eventually get heart disease. 2 This passage tells us the causes
25、and harm of high cholesterol and how to lower it. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Heart disease is a main cause of death in developing countries. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Heart disease occurs earlier in male than in female. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The Massachusetts study showed that no one with a cholesterol
26、 level below 150 had ever had a heart attack. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 By changing your dietary alone, you can have your cholesterol level reduced by 30 percent. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 It s too late for people aged 0 to try to change his or her cholesterol level （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 Motivated by
27、the volunteers, most people bought low-fat milk instead of whole milk. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 The amount of cholesterol that we have is affected by diet and by _. 10 In this passage, it is advised that people should cook their food in _. 11 When we are trying to change our diet, we usually will be
28、anxious because we are nervous about _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. Aft
29、er each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Go to the movies with the man. （ B） Take her brother to the movies. （ C） Eat at her brothers （ D） Cook dinner with Lois. （ A） The man should have o
30、ffered his assistance earlier. （ B） She doesnt need the mans help. （ C） She didnt realize the boxes were empty. （ D） She wants the man to move the boxes. （ A） Hed like to have the windows open. （ B） He rarely leaves the windows open. （ C） He thinks the air is polluted. （ D） Hell help her close the w
31、indows. （ A） The results might be ready tomorrow. （ B） The man needs another test tomorrow. （ C） The results were called in last night. （ D） The doctor called the lab last night. （ A） She doesnt remember much about Portland. （ B） Shes never been to Portland. （ C） She knows someone else who could hel
32、p him. （ D） Shed be happy to talk to the man later. （ A） Turn down the volume. （ B） Help the man study for a test. （ C） Play a different kind of music. （ D） Speak louder. （ A） She forgot when the report was due. （ B） Shed like the man to help her with the report. （ C） She needs more time to finish t
33、he report. （ D） She hasnt included any data in her report. （ A） The cat is a lot of trouble. （ B） The cat is quite friendly. （ C） He doesnt get along with Debbie. （ D） Hes glad Debbie gave him the cat. （ A） The presence of life-forms far below the Earths surface. （ B） The risk of infection from rare
34、 strains of bacteria. （ C） Fictional representations of a hidden underground world. （ D） The reliability of evidence collected by new drilling methods. （ A） Its texture. （ B） Its size. （ C） Its preservation. （ D） Its shape. （ A） The bacteria would be killed by the human immune system. （ B） The bacte
35、ria would die if brought to the surface. （ C） Many antidotes and remedies are available. （ D） Drilling operations are always closely monitored. （ A） Relaxing at the seashore. （ B） Visiting her parents. （ C） Sailing on a boat. （ D） Preparing for a race. （ A） She was invited only for the weekend. （ B）
36、 The weather was too hot. （ C） She had an appointment. （ D） She has schoolwork to do. （ A） She had to go home. （ B） She was too tired to continue. （ C） She had to finish her schoolwork. （ D） She was thirsty. （ A） She doesnt know how to swim. （ B） The water was too deep. （ C） The water was too cold.
37、（ D） She didnt have enough time. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choi
38、ces marked A, B, C and D. （ A） 500 million （ B） 600 million （ C） 700 million （ D） 800 million （ A） To improve the diets of hens （ B） To move chickens into large farms （ C） To make chickens sleep before they are killed （ D） To improve chickens lives （ A） Positive （ B） Negative （ C） Indifferent （ D） N
39、o specific idea （ A） English （ B） French （ C） Spanish （ D） both ) and ) （ A） $1,200 （ B） $2,400 （ C） $1,500 （ D） $4,200 （ A） Hobby （ B） Special activities （ C） Maturity （ D） Nationality （ A） The tractor. （ B） The ear. （ C） The wheel. （ D） The steam engine. （ A） People continued to explore new lands.
40、 （ B） People started to make life better. （ C） People stopped making inventions. （ D） People started to explore more land. （ A） The jet plane. （ B） Movies with sound. （ C） The radio. （ D） The computer. （ A） Progress in medicine. （ B） Progress in new materials. （ C） Progress in computers. （ D） Progre
41、ss in helicopters. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 wi
42、th the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Have you ever seen a movie in which a building was burned down or a bridge was【
43、 B1】_? Have you seen a film in which a train【 B2】 _or a ship sank into the ocean? If so, you may have【 B3】 _how these things could happen without harming the people in the film. The man who knows the answer is the “special-effect“ man. He has one of the most important jobs in the film industry. He m
44、ay Be【 B4】 _to create a flood or to make a battlefield【 B5】 _. But he may also be asked to create a special effect which is much less exciting,【 B6】 _just as important to the success of the film. In a【 B7】 _for one movie there was a big glass【 B8】 _filled with water in which small fish were swimming
45、. The director of the movie wanted the fish【 B9】 _. Then the director wanted the fish to stop staring and swim away.【 B10】 _. It was quite a problem. The special-effect man thought about this problem for quite a long time.【 B11】 _. First he applied electricity to the fish bowl, causing the fish to b
46、e absolutely still. Then he rapidly reduced the amount of electricity, allowing the fish to swim away. Thus he got the humorous effect that the director wanted. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section,
47、 there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding l
48、etter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 During the early years of this century, wheat was seen as the very lifeblood of Western Canada. When the crops were good, the【 S1】 _was good; when the crops failed, there was de
49、pression. People on city streets watched the【 S2】 _and the price of wheat with almost as much feeling as if they were growers. The marketing of wheat became an increasingly【 S3】_topic of conversation. War set the stage for the most dramatic events in【 S4】 _the western crop. For years, farmers mistrusted speculative(投机的 )grain selling as carried on through the Winnipeg Grain Exchange. Wheat prices were【 S5】 _low in the autumn, but farm
