1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 578及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter to the Mayor about the Renovation of the Old City. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 假设你是 刘梅，请你就本市某些开发商无计划拆除旧建筑，改造城区的现象给市长写一封信，内容应涉及进行城区改造
2、的必要性、没有计划地拆除旧建筑的危害，以及你本人的观点和建议。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with
3、the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Raising Wise Consumers Almost anyone with a profit motive is marketing to innocents. Help your kids understand its
4、OK not to have it all. Here are five strategies for raising wise consumers. 1. Lead by example While you may know that TV commercials stimulate desire for consumer goods, youll have a hard time selling your kids on the virtues of turning off the tube if you structure your own days around the latest
5、sitcom(情景喜剧 )or reality show. The same principle applies to money matters. It does no good to lecture your kids about spending, saving and sharing when doing out their pocket money if you spend every free weekend afternoon at the mall. If you suspect your own spending habits are out of whack(不正常 ),
6、consider what financial advisor Nathan Dungan says in his book Wasteful Sons and Material Girls: How Not to Be Your Childs A TM. “In teaching your child about money, few issues are as critical as your own regular consumer decisions,“ he writes. “In the coming weeks, challenge yourself to say no to y
7、our own wants and to opt for less expensive options.“ 2. Encourage critical thinking With children under six or seven, start by telling them, “Dont believe everything you see,“ says Linda Millar, vice-president of Education for Concerned Childrens Advertisers, a nonprofit group Of 26 Canadian compan
8、ies helping children and their families by media and life wise. Show them examples of false or exaggerated advertising claims, such as a breakfast cereal(谷类 )making you bigger and stronger. Shaft Graydon, a media educator and past president of Media Watch, suggests introducing children to the “marke
9、ting that doesnt show“ the mascots(吉祥物 )and web-sites that strength en brand loyalty, the trading toys that cause must-have-it fever and the celebrity endorsements(签名 ,认可 ). “Explain that advertisers pay millions of dollars for celebrities to endorse a product, and that the people who buy the produc
10、t end up sharing the cost,“ she says. 3. Supervise with sensitivity According to a survey conducted by the Media Awareness Network in 2001, nearly 70 per cent of children say parents never sit with them while they surf the Net and more than half say parents never check where theyve been online. The
11、states for TV habits paint a similar picture. A 2003 Canadian Teachers Federation study of childrens media habits found that roughly 30 per cent of children in Years Three to Six claim that no adult has input into their selection of TV shows; by Year Eight, the figure rises to about 60 per cent. “Re
12、search suggests that kids benefit more from having parents watch with them than having their viewing time limited,“ says Graydon, noting that many children have TV sets in their bed rooms, which effectively free them from parental supervision. And what exactly does “supervision“ mean? “Rather than r
13、idiculing your childs favorite show, game or web-site, which will only create distance between you, you can explain why certain media messages conflict with the values youd like to develop in your child,“ Graydon says. If youre put off by coarse language in a TV show, tell your child that hearing su
14、ch language sends the(false)message that this is the way most people communicate when under stress. If violence in a computer game disturbs you, point out that a steady diet of onscreen violence can weaken sensitivity towards real-life violence. “And when you do watch a show together,“ adds Graydon,
15、 “discuss some of the hidden messages, both good and bad.“ 4. Say no without guilt Im not proud to admit it, but when Tara asked me if I could take her shopping, I ended up saying yes. More precisely, I told her that if she continued to work hard and do well in school, I would take her over the scho
16、ol holidays. The holidays have now passed and I still havent taken her, but I have no doubt shell remind me of it soon enough. When I do take her, I intend to set firm limits(both on the price and the clothing items)before we walk into the store. Still, I wonder why I gave in so quickly to Taras req
17、uest. Author Thompson says that my status as a baby boomer may provide a clue. “We boomer parents spring from a consumer culture in which having the right stuff helps you fit in,“ she explains. “Our research has shown that even parents in poor homes will buy Game Boys over necessities.“ In fact, 68
18、per cent of parents routinely give in to their kids requests. To counteract this tendency, Graydon says parents have to “learn, or relearn, how to say no.“ And what if the child calls you a miser or reminds you that her best friend has four Barbies(芭比娃娃 )and she doesnt even have one? Graydon suggest
19、s practicing this mantra(祷文 ): “We create our own family rules according to our own family values. We create our own family rules according to our own family values. We create.“ 5. Offer alternatives As parents know, saying “You cant have that“ only intensifies a kids desire for whatever “that“ is.
20、Rather than arbitrarily restricting their TV or computer time to protect them from media influence, Jeff Derevensky, a professor of applied child psychology at McGill University, suggests creating a list of mutually acceptable alternatives. “If you want to encourage your children to build towers or
21、play board games, be prepared to participate,“ he says. “Many kids will do these activities with their parents but not with other kids.“ Miranda Hughes, a part-time physician and mother of four, fills her home with such basics as colored pencils and paints, craft materials, board and card games, bui
22、lding toys, a piano with the lid permanently open, sheet music(活页乐谱 )and books of all kinds. “I also offer my own time whenever possible,“ she says. Although Hughes has a television in her house, “complete with 150 channels,“ she says her kids watch only about an hour a week. “I havent had to implem
23、ent any rules about TV or computer use,“ she says. “Theres usually something else my kids would rather be doing.“ 2 This passage outlines five strategies for making parents wise consumers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 It is useful to lecture your kids about spending, saving and sharing when doing out the
24、ir pocket money if you spend every free weekend afternoon at the mall. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 According to Nathan Dungan, in teaching your child about money, the most important issue is your own shopping habit. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 People are often deceived by false or exaggerated advertising cl
25、aims. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 It is revealed by research that it is more beneficial to kids if their parents watch TV programs with them than having their viewing time limited. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 According to a research, 6 per cent of parents routinely satisfy their kids demands. （ A） Y （ B） N
26、（ C） NG 8 Miranda Hughes kids watch TV only about an hour a week because she has made rules against her kids doing that. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 According to a survey, _ of the children investigated say that parents never check where theyve been online. 10 The fact that many children have TV sets in
27、 their bedrooms effectively prevents them from _ by their parents. 11 Jeff Derevensky suggests that parents create a list of mutually acceptable options to protect children from _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each
28、 conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） He lef
29、t his notes at home. （ B） He doesnt know where his notes are. （ C） He doesnt want to lend his notes to the woman. （ D） He agrees to lend her his notes. （ A） Go to the cinema in spite of the cold weather. （ B） He will stay at home since he is not feeling well. （ C） He will go over his lessons. （ D） H
30、e will go to finish his work. （ A） Check the timetable. （ B） Set off earlier. （ C） Get on a later flight. （ D） Cancel the trip. （ A） In Chicago. （ B） In Boston. （ C） In Washington. （ D） In Manchester. （ A） A guest and a receptionist. （ B） A passenger and an air hostess. （ C） A customer and a shop as
31、sistant. （ D） A lodger and a landlady. （ A） Hes feeling better. （ B） Hes feeling worse. （ C） Hes confined to bed. （ D） He has recovered. （ A） The man didnt want the woman to have her hair cut. （ B） The woman followed the mans advice. （ C） The woman is wearing long hair now. （ D） The man didnt care i
32、f the woman had her hair cut. （ A） He has been back in Canada for weeks. （ B） He is studying French in Canada. （ C） He is having a vacation in Canada. （ D） He is planning to return to Canada in a year. （ A） The area of the house is about 400 sq. ft. （ B） The house is in San Francisco. （ C） The price
33、 of the house is about US $500,000. （ D） The house is under the name of the man. （ A） They should show both the good and bad sides of the house. （ B） The man should take as many pictures as possible. （ C） They are better to be taken by professionals. （ D） All of them should show the best aspects of
34、the house. （ A） Over US $100,000. （ B） About US $10,000. （ C） Over US $200,000. （ D） About US $50,000. （ A） Walk the dog. （ B） Clean the house. （ C） Go to the doctors. （ D） Finish her assignment. （ A） 12:30 PM. （ B） 2:00 下午 （ C） 4:30 下午 （ D） 5:30 下午 （ A） Exciting. （ B） Rewarding. （ C） Disappointing.
35、 （ D） Exhausting. （ A） They cant decide on a video. （ B） Susans mother is going to use it. （ C） Susans mother is going to ask her to do something else. （ D） The machine isnt working. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some
36、 questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） The advantage of refrigeration. （ B） Food preservation in the summer. （ C） Cooking food in the summer. （ D） Fun in the
37、summer. （ A） Cookies. （ B） Milk. （ C） Chickens. （ D） Ice-cream. （ A） Eat it immediately. （ B） Throw it away. （ C） Try a little. （ D） Cook it thoroughly. （ A） Clean air, much food and more exercise. （ B） Clean air, fresh food and less exercise. （ C） Clean air, fresh food and simple life. （ D） Hard wo
38、rk, much food and simple life. （ A） They live a happy and healthy life. （ B） They are famous for their diligence. （ C） They work hard outdoors in the fields and eat less food. （ D） There were few crimes, few divorces and not much illness in their society. （ A） The Secret of a Happy Life. （ B） The Se
39、cret of a Long Life. （ C） Hunzas of the Himalayas and Their Long Lives. （ D） The Importance of a Simple Way of Life. （ A） Life-style of different people is the same. （ B） Different people may have completely different life-styles. （ C） Its doubtful whether life-styles are changing. （ D） The changes
40、of life-styles have no influence on business. （ A） Forty hours. （ B） Less than forty hours. （ C） About seventy hours. （ D） Less than twenty-five hours. （ A） Business men are only interested in babies. （ B） Baby goods make money easily. （ C） The changes in life-styles have a strong influence on busin
41、ess. （ D） Businesses should always be ready to meet the needs of babies. （ A） Americans will not need to work in the future. （ B） There are fewer babies in America now. （ C） Young couples now prefer to remain childless. （ D） There is more than one factor contributing to changes in life-styles in Ame
42、rica today. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the
43、exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 We all suffer from stress. There are many points when there may be【 B1】_stress. Perhap
44、s we feel it at times of【 B2】 _, or at times when the amount of work simply seems【 B3】 _, and it may also arise in your personal life. An engineer will tell you that some stress is inevitable for a【 B4】 _to remain standing. Sometimes the word “stress“ is used to【 B5】 _a feeling of being under pressu
45、re. This can be a positive thing: pressure can help people to【 B6】 _well and give a sense of excitement and achievement. However, you need to be concerned about stress if your【 B7】 _is seriously weakened. This can lead to a number of harmful consequences, either【 B8】 _or emotional, leading to inabil
46、ity to work effectively. 【 B9】 _Many students are not altogether clear about how well or badly they are doing, because they find it hard to obtain immediate feedback regarding their performance. If one is ignorant, or doubtful, about ones progress, this can be a major cause of anxiety.【 B10】 _. Time
47、 is also a big element in stress: one may have insufficient time for ones coursework, and sometimes there are deadline clashes, when several assignments have to be completed at around the same time.【 B11】 _For example, the special book one wants to refer to never seems to be available. 37 【 B1】 38 【
48、 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on
49、the best choice. 47 Global reserves of fresh water add up to more than 37 million cubic kilometers, enough to fill the Mediterranean 10 times over. More than three-fourths of this water is bound up in glaciers(冰川 )and polar ice, however, where it is largely beyond the reach of present technology. Almost all the rest consists of water in underground aquifers(蓄水层 ), which are not yet exploited intensively. The main sources of supply - the wa
