1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 602及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Making Cities Greener. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: Making Cities Greener 1. 现代城市中的树越来越少； 2. 分析城市中有树的好处； 3. 我们如
2、何解决这个问题。 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given i
3、n the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Academic Freedom refers to the right of teachers and researchers, particularly in colleges and universities, to investigate their respecti
4、ve fields of knowledge and express their views without fear of restraint or dismissal from office. The right rests on the assumption that open and free inquiry within a teachers or researchers field of study is essential to the pursuit of knowledge and to the performance of his or her proper educati
5、onal function. At present this right is observed generally in countries in which education is regarded as a means not only of pouring in established views but also of enlarging the existing body of knowledge. The concept of academic freedom implies also that a teachers employment depends primarily o
6、n the competence of teachers in their fields rather than on irrelevant considerations such as political or religious beliefs or attachments. The concept and practice of academic freedom, as recognized presently in Western civilization, date roughly from the 17th century. Before the 17th century, int
7、ellectual activities at universities were restricted largely by theological considerations, and opinions or conclusions that conflicted with religious doctrines were likely to be condemned as heretical. In the late 17th century the work of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas H
8、obbes helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense. Their writings demonstrated the need for unlimited inquiry in the sciences and for a general approach to learning unrestrained by preconceptions of any kind. In the 18th and 19th centuries, universities in Western Europe and the Uni
9、ted States enjoyed increasing academic freedom as acceptance of the experimental methods of the sciences became more widespread and as control of institutions by religious denominations became less rigorous. In Britain, however, religious tests for graduation, fellowships, and teaching positions wer
10、e not abolished until the late 19th century. During the second half of the 20th century academic freedom was recognized broadly in most Western countries. However, violations of the right increased as dictatorship emerged in various countries, notably in Germany, Italy, and Russia. Educators in Ital
11、y were forced to pledge support to the Fascist regime. Similar restrictions, including the teaching of racist theories in some fields, were enforced in German universities under National Socialism. Violations of academic freedom also occurred in the United States in the 20th century. A notable examp
12、le was the Scopes trial, held in Dayton, Tennessee, in 1925. A high school teacher was accused and convicted of violating a state law that forbade the teaching of the theory of evolution in the public schools. This legislation was abolished in 1967. In the early 1950s, largely because of congression
13、al investigations of communism in the U. S. , many institutions of higher learning adopted regulations requiring loyalty oaths from university teachers. Some of these oaths, insofar as they were required only of teachers, were declared unconstitutional in some state courts. All professional associat
14、ions of teachers and administrators, including the Nation al Education Association, the American Association of Colleges, and the American Association of University Professors, are opposed to special loyalty oaths and to all violations of academic freedom. The 1960s and early 1970s were marked by pr
15、otest and violence on college campuses over United States involvement in the war in Vietnam. In some places professors were dismissed or arrested for pro testing American participation in the war. This turmoil reached a tragic climax in 1970 with the killing of several students during campus demonst
16、rations. In the long run, however, these disturbances led to a broad recognition of the legitimate concerns of students about the quality of higher education, and of the responsibility of universities, rather than the public or the government, to maintain essential academic order. By 1973, when U. S
17、. troops were withdrawn from Vietnam, a general growth in higher education was under way. Significant increase in enrollments and expansion of faculties, as well as a broadening of the makeup of both student and faculty populations, contributed to a vast enrichment of the academic curriculum, to inc
18、reasing faculty control over the content of programs, and, overall, to the enhancement of the freedom to teach and to learn in colleges and universities. Beginning in the early 1970s in the United States(and somewhat later in other countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom), however, instituti
19、ons of higher education were faced with serious financial problems which also harmed academic freedom. For example, the rise in irregular faculty appointments, intended to save money, created a virtual underclass of teachers lacking the employment security generally considered necessary for the exer
20、cise of academic freedom. Threats to and violations of academic freedom continued in the 1980s. The U. S. government, in the name of national security, imposed severe restraints on the publication of research results. The influence of resurgent religious conservatism was felt in some areas in effort
21、 to introduce religious teachings in elementary and secondary schools, and in limits on free expression at church-affiliated colleges and universities. 2 According to the passage, academic freedom is the right of researching and expressing that only be longs to students. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 The
22、concept, accademic freedom, construed a teachers employment depends mainly on political or religious beliefs or attachments. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 In the 18th and 19th centuries, universities in western Europe and United States enjoyed increasing academic freedom because of acceptance of the exper
23、imental methods of the sciences. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 Violation of academic freedom emerged in Germany, Italy and Russia in 20th century. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 There was no violations of accademic freedom in U.S. in 20th century. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 Accademic freedom, performed well in Chin
24、a, is thought as the right of natural. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The U.S. government has done a series of restrictions on the publication of academic papers. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 During the second half of the 20th century academic freedom was recognized broadly in _. 10 In the early 1950s, largely
25、because of _, many institutions of higher learning adopted regulations requiring loyalty oaths from university teachers. 11 _ was felt in some areas in effort to introduce religious teachings in elementary and secondary schools. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversati
26、ons and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D,
27、and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The woman should check the bus schedule. （ B） The buses stop running on Fridays. （ C） The bus doesnt stop at the corner. （ D） The schedule on the corner is out-of-date. （ A） Make some tea for the man. （ B） Take the man to see a doctor. （ C） Ask the mans moth
28、er to come over. （ D） Look up a recipe for chicken soup. （ A） She finished packing a half hour ago. （ B） The man should get ready quickly. （ C） Shell meet the man at the airport. （ D） The man doesnt like to travel. （ A） Shes too busy to have dinner with the man this month. （ B） She doesnt know her n
29、ew schedule yet. （ C） Shell go to dinner with the man on Monday. （ D） She doesnt want to cook dinner. （ A） He returned home without any seeds. （ B） He brought home some vegetables. （ C） He forgot to stop at the nursery. （ D） He bought the wrong seeds. （ A） Hes already completed the program. （ B） He
30、doesnt know the nurses phone number. （ C） He doesnt have time to call. （ D） Hed like to get additional information. （ A） Get the woman another carton of eggs. （ B） Give the woman a refund. （ C） Clean up the floor. （ D） Tell the woman where she can find the eggs. （ A） Go to bed earlier. （ B） Wake up
31、earlier in the morning （ C） Register for later classes. （ D） Use an alarm clock to wake up （ A） Collecting objects on the beach. （ B） Creating computer models. （ C） Mapping currents in the ocean. （ D） Tracking water pollution. （ A） An interesting piece of wood. （ B） An old shoe. （ C） A message insid
32、e a bottle. （ D） An unusual shell. （ A） Chemicals. （ B） Bottles. （ C） Athletic shoes. （ D） Model boats. （ A） Convince the man to take a rock-climbing course with her. （ B） Find a place to go rock climbing. （ C） Find out if a rock-climbing course will be offered. （ D） Plan a rock- climbing trip over
33、spring break. （ A） There is no one to teach them how to do it. （ B） Not very many students are interested in it. （ C） The college doesnt have any rock-climbing equipment. （ D） There are no appropriate places for rock climbing nearby. （ A） Climbers develop skills useful in other activities. （ B） Clim
34、bers have the opportunity to be outside and enjoy the scenery. （ C） Climbing isnt as expensive as other sports. （ D） Learning to climb doesnt take a very long time. （ A） Selecting the necessary equipment. （ B） Finding a climbing partner. （ C） Increasing upper-body strength. （ D） Discussing popular c
35、limbing sites. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C
36、 and D. （ A） Rent a grave. （ B） Burn the body （ C） Bury the dead near a church. （ D） Buy a piece of land for a grave. （ A） To solve the problem of lack of land. （ B） To see whether they have decayed. （ C） To follow the Greek religious practice. （ D） To move them to a multi-storey graveyard. （ A） The
37、y should be buried lying down. （ B） They should be buried standing up. （ C） They should be buried after being washed. （ D） They should be buried when partially decayed. （ A） Burning dead bodies to ashes. （ B） Storing dead bodies in a remote place. （ C） Placing dead bodies in a bone room. （ D） Diggin
38、g up dead （ A） Many foreign tourists visit the United States every year. （ B） Americans enjoy eating out with their friends. （ C） The United States is a country of immigrants. （ D） Americans prefer foreign foods to their own food. （ A） They can make friends with people from other countries. （ B） The
39、y can get to know people of other cultures and their lifestyle. （ C） They can practise speaking foreign languages there. （ D） They can meet with businessmen from all over the world. （ A） Its admired worldwide. （ B） It takes skill. （ C） It pays well. （ D） Its a full-time job. （ A） An old lady carryin
40、g a handbag on the left. （ B） A mother with a baby in her arms. （ C） A woman whose bag is hanging in front. （ D） A lone female with a handbag at her right side. （ A） A side pocket of his jacket. （ B） The top pocket of his jacket. （ C） A side pocket of his trousers. （ D） The back pocket of his tight
41、trousers. （ A） Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard. （ B） Hotels and restaurants in southeast London. （ C） Airports where people carry a lot of luggage. （ D） Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.
42、When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to f
43、ill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 The Library of Congress is Americas national library. It has millions of books and other objects. It has newspapers,【 B1】 _publications as well as letters of【 B2】_interest. I
44、t also has maps, photographs, art【 B3】 _, movies, sound recordings and musical【 B4】 _All together, it has more than 100 million objects. The Library of Congress is open to the public Monday through Saturday, except for public holidays. Anyone may go there and read anything in the collection. But no
45、one is【 B5】 _to take books out of the building. The Library of Congress was【 B6】_in 1800. It started with eleven boxes of books in one room of the Capitol Building. By 1814, the collection had increased to about 3,000 books. They were all【 B7】_that year when the Capitol, I was burned down during Ame
46、ricas war with Britain. To help re-build the library, Congress bought the books of President Thomas Jefferson. Mr. Jeffersons【 B8】 _included 7,000 books in seven languages. 【 B9】 _. Today, three buildings hold the librarys collection. 【 B10】 _. It buys some of its books and gets others as gifts. It
47、also gets materials through its copyright office.【 B11】 _This means the Library of Congress receives almost everything that is published in the United States. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, t
48、here is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding let
49、ter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 Genealogy(家谱学 )doesnt often make news headlines, but in recent months it has been a hot topic in newspapers worldwide. The reason? Genetics and genealogy have merged into an amazing new【 S1】 _field which allows us to prove family connections beyond all doubt. Nature Magazine recently reported that DNA testing was used to【 S2】 _the probabil
