1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 632及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Sex Education. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1现在人们越来越重视性教育 2开展性教育的意义 3家庭 、学校、社会应该怎么做 Sex Education 二、 Part II Reading Compre
2、hension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if the s
3、tatement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Earthquakes Influence on the Planet They approach the topic carefully, wary of sounding merciless, aware that the geology they admire has just caused a staggering loss of l
4、ife. Even so, scientists argue that in the very long view, the global process behind great earthquakes is quite advantageous for life on earth especially human life. Powerful tremors (震动 ) like the one that sent killer waves racing across the Indian Ocean on Dec. 26 (2004) are inevitable side effect
5、s of the constant recycling of planetary crust, which produces a cozy, habitable planet. Some experts refer to the regular blows hundreds a day as the planets heartbeat. The advantages began billions of years ago, when this crustal recycling made the oceans and atmosphere and formed the continents.
6、Today, it builds mountains, enriches soils, regulates the planets temperature, concentrates gold and other rare metals and maintains the seas chemical balance. Plate tectonics (after the Greek word “tekton“, or builder) describes the geology. The tragic downside is that waves of quakes and volcanic
7、eruptions along plate boundaries can devastate human populations. “Its hard to find something uplifting about 150,000 lives being lost,“ said Dr. Donald J. DePaolo, a biologist at the University of California, Berkeley. “But the type of geological process that caused the earthquake and the tsunami i
8、s an essential characteristic of the earth. As far as we know, it doesnt occur on any other planetary body and has something very directly to do with the fact that the earth is a habitable planet.“ Many biologists believe that the process may have even given birth to life itself. The main benefits o
9、f plate tectonics accumulate slowly and globally over the ages. In contrast, its local upheavals can produce regional catastrophes, as the recent Indian Ocean quake made clear. Even so, scientists say, the Dec.26 (2004) tsunamis may prove to be an ecological boon (裨益 ) over the decades for coastal a
10、reas hardest hit by the giant waves. Dr. Jelle Zeilinga de Boer, a geologist at Wesleyan University who grew up in Indonesia and has studied the islands, says historical evidence from earlier tsunamis suggests that the huge waves can distribute rich sediments from river systems across coastal plains
11、, making the soil richer. “It brings fertile soils into the lowlands,“ he said. “In time, a more fertile jungle will develop.“ Dr. de Boer, author of recent books on earthquakes and volcanoes in human history, added that great suffering from tectonic violence was usually followed by great benefits a
12、s well. “Nature is reborn with these kinds of terrible events,“ he said. “There are a lot of positive aspects even when we dont see them.“ Plate tectonics holds that the earths surface is made up of a dozen or so big crustal slabs (板块 ) that float on a sea of melted rock. Over ages, this churning (翻
13、腾的 ) sea moves the plates as well as their continents and ocean basins, tearing them apart and rearranging them like pieces of a puzzle. The process starts as volcanoes burst forth hot rock that spreads out across the seabed. Eventually, hundreds or thousands of miles away, the cooling slab collides
14、 with other plates and sinks beneath them, plunging back into the hot earth. The colliding plates grind past one another about as fast as fingernails grow and over time produce mountains and swarms of earthquakes as frictional stresses build and release. Meanwhile, parts of the descending plate melt
15、 and rise to form volcanoes on land. The recent cataclysm (地震 ) began in a similar manner as volcanic gashes (裂缝 ) in the western depths of the Indian Ocean ejected molten rock to form the India plate. Its collision with the Burma plate created the volcanoes of Sumatra as well thousands of earthquak
16、es, including the magnitude 9. 0 killer. But despite such staggering losses of life, said Robert S. Detrick Jr., a geophysicist at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution/Theres no question that plate tectonics rejuvenates (更新 ) the planet.“ Moreover, geologists say, it demonstrates the earths uniq
17、ueness. In the decades after the discovery of plate tectonics, space probes among the 70 or so planets and moons that make up the solar system found that the process existed only on earth as revealed by its unique mountain ranges. In the book “Rare Earth“ (Copernicus, 2000), which explored the likel
18、ihood that advanced civilizations dot the cosmos, Dr. Peter D Ward and Dr. Donald Brownlee of the University of Washington argued in a long chapter on plate tectonics that the slow recycling of planetary crust was uncommon in the universe yet essential for the evolution of complex life. “It maintain
19、s not just habitability but high habitability,“ said Dr. Ward, a paleontologist (古生物学者 ). (Dr. Brownlee is an astronomer.) Most geologists believe that the process yielded the earths primordial (原始的 ) ocean and atmosphere, as volcanoes spewed (喷涌 ) vast amounts of water vapor, nitrogen, carbon dioxi
20、de and other gases. Plants eventually added oxygen. Meanwhile, many biologists say, the earths first organisms probably arose in the deep sea, along the volcanic gashes. “On balance, its possible that life on earth would not have originated without plate tectonics, or the atmosphere, or the oceans,“
21、 said Dr. Frank Press, the lead author of “Understanding Earth“ (Freeman, 2004) and a past president of the National Academy of Sciences. The volcanoes of the recycling process make rich soil ideal for producing coffee, sugar, rubber, coconuts, palm oil, tobacco, pepper, tea and cocoa. Water streami
22、ng through gashing in the seabed concentrates copper, silver, gold and other metals into rich deposits that are often mined after plate tectonics pushes them onto dry land. Experts say the world ocean passes through the rocky pores of the tectonic system once every million years or so, increasing nu
23、trients in the biosphere and regulating a host of elements and compounds, including boron (硼 ) and calcium. Dr. William H. Schlesinger, dean of the Nicholas School of the Environment and Earth Sciences at Duke, says one vital cycle keeps adequate amounts of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Though c
24、arbon dioxide is thought to cause excessive greenhouse gas warming of the planet, an appreciable level is needed to keep planet warm enough to support life. “Having plate tectonics complete the cycle is absolutely essential to maintaining stable climate conditions on earth,“ Dr. Schlesinger said. “O
25、therwise, all the carbon dioxide would disappear and the planet would turn into a frozen ball.“ Dr. Press, who was President Jimmy Carters science adviser, said the challenge in the coming decades would be to keep enjoying the benefits of plate tectonics while improving our ability to control its de
26、adly byproducts. “Were making progress,“ Dr. Press said. “We can predict volcanic explosions and erect warning systems for tsunamis. Were beginning to limit the downside effects.“ 2 Scientists believe that the crustal recycling process_. （ A） produces more advantages than disadvantages （ B） may fina
27、lly kill all human life on earth （ C） annoyingly destroys the cozy, habitable earth （ D） works just as the blood recycling in human body 3 To Dr. Donald J. DePaolo, crustal recycling is essential for the habitable earth because （ A） it may uplift about 150,000 lives being lost （ B） it causes the ear
28、thquake and the tsunami （ C） it gives birth to life from the very beginning （ D） it doesnt occur on other planetary body 4 What do scientists say about the effect of the Dec. 26 (2004) tsunamis? （ A） They make the disaster area not habitable for a long time. （ B） Humans become more concerned about g
29、lobal warming. （ C） They will benefit the disaster area for a long time. （ D） Humans have begun to know and control the disaster. 5 How does Dr. de Boer come to the conclusion that great benefits follow great suffering from tectonic violence? （ A） By historical studies. （ B） By studying legendaries.
30、 （ C） By prediction. （ D） By studying the invisible benefits. 6 What starts the crustal recycling process according to plate tectonics? （ A） Big crustal slabs. （ B） The sea of melted rock. （ C） Volcanoes. （ D） Earthquakes. 7 The space scientists determine the existence of the crustal recycling proce
31、ss on a planet by the existence of_. （ A） rivers and sea （ B） the atmosphere （ C） satellites （ D） mountain ranges 8 The fact that the slow recycling of planetary crust was uncommon in the universe makes “Rare Earth“ conclude that_. （ A） no other advanced civilizations exist outside the earth （ B） ot
32、her advanced civilizations are unlikely to exist （ C） other advanced civilizations also inhabit the earth （ D） the human kind is the offspring of a prior civilization 9 Most geologists believe that the earths primordial ocean was made of_from volcanic eruptions. 10 Dr. William H. Schlesinger thinks
33、that we need enough_to keep the earth warm enough to support life. 11 Dr. Press said that humans have set up_systems for plate tectonics disasters to limit their downside effects. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each
34、conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Work is
35、 preferable. （ B） He hopes to get a job soon. （ C） Studying at school is no more interesting than work. （ D） Studying is more interesting so hell study hard. （ A） Both editions are the same price now. （ B） It has two editions with the same cover. （ C） The paperback edition is on sale. （ D） The hard-
36、cover edition is more expensive. （ A） He is ashamed of Prof. Brown. （ B） He will congratulate Prof. Brown. （ C） He will tell Prof. Brown the bad news. （ D） He will help Prof. Brown paint his car. （ A） In a hotel. （ B） At a restaurant. （ C） In a department store. （ D） At the airport. （ A） The man sho
37、uld stop playing tennis. （ B） The man should take up a new hobby. （ C） The man should stick to what hes doing. （ D） The man should find the cause for his failure. （ A） He does a lot of exercise. （ B） He drinks milk every night. （ C） He gets the genes of his father. （ D） He gets enough sleep every da
38、y. （ A） Continue to read. （ B） Meet the woman at the cafeteria. （ C） Make some coffee. （ D） Go out with some friends. （ A） She thinks a car wouldnt be any faster. （ B） She thinks they dont have to go to the concert. （ C） She proposes to go to the concert by underground. （ D） She believes that the ma
39、ns brother should let them use the car. （ A） She imitates the lifestyles of celebrities. （ B） She gets inspirations from celebrities. （ C） She doesnt hold celebrities as role models. （ D） She has no interest in celebrities. （ A） We should care more about our friends and families than celebrities. （
40、B） People should not have any interest in celebrities. （ C） Celebrities make us spend money. （ D） Celebrities are no more ideal citizens than we are. （ A） Celebrities as role models. （ B） Interest in celebrities. （ C） Inspirational values of celebrities. （ D） The entertainment value of celebrities.
41、（ A） To inquire about switching majors. （ B） To find a helping supervisor. （ C） To make up the remaining credits. （ D） To apply for a masters degree. （ A） A literature professor. （ B） An academic advisor. （ C） Dean of the English Department. （ D） A doctor of economics. （ A） He cant catch up with his
42、 classmates. （ B） He finds the English course load too heavy. （ C） He is not interested in his present major. （ D） He is good at Applied Linguistics. （ A） In only one semester. （ B） In just two semesters. （ C） In at most three semesters. （ D） In at least four semesters. Section B Directions: In this
43、 section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Nuts. （ B） Potatoes. （ C） Veget
44、able oil. （ D） Dairy products. （ A） Carbohydrates. （ B） Indirect fat. （ C） Body fluid. （ D） Fat. （ A） Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week. （ B） Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day. （ C） Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week. （ D） Thirty or forty minutes of exer
45、cise three or four days a week. （ A） The scientists. （ B） The Greeks. （ C） The teachers. （ D） The scholars. （ A） They could not think. （ B） They had no pollution. （ C） They could not dive deep. （ D） They had small boats. （ A） The water turns gray. （ B） It grows again. （ C） Life on earth improves. （
46、D） Life on earth dies. （ A） Our self-respect. （ B） Our financial rewards. （ C） Our advertising ability. （ D） Our friendly relationship. （ A） It is equal to lying. （ B） It is equal to stealing. （ C） It is equal to cheating. （ D） It is equal to advertising. （ A） Well be very excited. （ B） Well feel un
47、fortunate. （ C） Well have a sense of honor. （ D） Well feel sorry for the clerk. （ A） How to Live Truthfully （ B） Importance of Peacefulness （ C） Ways of Gaining Self-respect Actions （ D） Happiness through Honorable Actions Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. W
48、hen the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fi
49、ll in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Teaching today demands more than just caring about children and knowing ones subject well. Teachers need to find out what【 B1】 _the learners, how to find the students strengths and【 B2】 _, and how to create environments in which they【 B3】 _. This leads us to the need of learning about the theories and methods of teaching. A recent report【 B4】 _
