1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 667及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Electronic Waste. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. 1电子产品给人们带来了便利 2也带来了电子废弃物问 题 3应如何解决这一问题 Electronic Waste 二、 Part II Reading C
2、omprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if
3、the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Why Small Companies Will Win in This Economy I just heard a story from a client thats hard to believe but true. In the worst economy weve seen in decades, Passlogix, a
4、 privately owned 100-person software development company, just received over a million dollars in prepaid (预付的 ) commitments for the next three to five years of service. And they beat out several much larger more established companies, like CA (14,000 employees) and IBM (400,000 employees), to win t
5、hose customers. Now, how do you explain that? The bigger companies arent getting similar deals. Its not standard in this industry to prepay contracts of that size and duration. And the clients received only a small reduction for their prepaid payment, less than the cost of capital. I think its a tre
6、nd. And understanding it might just be the difference between failing and thriving in this economy. Yesterday morning I had breakfast with a good friend of mine, a counselor in the consulting industry. Hes a senior partner in a large consulting company and has worked in one large company or another
7、for the past 35 years. Really smart, really talented. And now really depressed. He hasnt been having fun for some time but its got worse. Hes survived several rounds of layoffs but who knows, he tells me, he might be hit by the next one. And if he isnt, he might leave anyway because its so miserable
8、. He doesnt understand how his company is making decisions, including how they decide whom to let go. He is one of the most senior leaders in this company and even he doesnt trust it anymore. This is not an isolated case. Ive been hearing this from many of my large clients. People in senior position
9、s dont trust the decisions being handed to them. And if you go one layer down, to middle managers, the distrust is apparent. I dont know a single person who works for a large company who feels confident theyll have a job in 6 months. Not one. Now, imagine youre a client wanting to buy from one of th
10、ese companies. You call up your client contact to talk about the sale. One of two things will happen: 1. You have a relationship with her and so you talk and get a sense of her insecurity, fear, and distrust. 2. You have no relationship with her because the company is so big and you talk to a differ
11、ent person each time you call. Either way, youll probably get the sense that your contact may not be there in the future to fulfill her commitments to you. And that wont make you comfortable committing long-term dollars (or any dollars) to the company. Now compare that to Passlogix, whose clients kn
12、ow they can pick up the phone and speak with Marc Boroditsky, the CEO. He tells clients about his commitment to the company and to them, and they know exactly who to call if the work isnt done to their expectations. That personal relationship, that trust, is important to them. Theyre willing to inve
13、st in it long term to the tune of millions of dollars, up front. And its not just the CEO. If clients speak with other employees in the company, theyll get the same feeling of trust. A small company gives its employees a sense of security and employees pass that feeling on to clients. Not that small
14、 companies dont go out of business. They do all the time. But each employee has much greater control over his own destiny. In a company of 30 employees, if you do a great job, there is a good chance youll be recognized. But in a company of thousands? Its easy to be missed. And easy to be laid off. T
15、he gap of confidence between small companies and big ones is growing. We used to rely on the security of big companies. Thats why we worked for them. And hired them. And put our money in them. But with the virtual collapse of AIG, Lehman, Citibank, GM, Chrysler, and many more now even GE is in troub
16、le all thats changed. Now its a risk to do business with the big ones. We simply dont trust companies anymore. We trust people. And in big companies, its hard to even find a person to trust as we scream “operator“ into our telephones only to get transferred to another menu whose options have changed
17、. That gives small companies a huge advantage. Just ask John Drummond, who started Unicycle. com after getting laid off from IBM during the last downturn. Once he got the hang of it, he started Banjo, com, his other childhood passion. Both are doing well and hes about to launch more sites. There are
18、 hundreds of thousands of businesses like Johns. Small companies that arent making millions but provide a good living for the people who work in them. Small companies whose owners are trying to build sustainable businesses they love rather than fast-growing companies they can flip (抛出 ). They have n
19、o intention of retiring. They like working in them. And their clients know that, which is why they have a loyal customer base willing to invest in the relationship. Big investment banks are burning but lots of small firms, each with ten to twelve people, are opening up. And theyre doing well. Theyve
20、 gone back to the fundamentals. Finding a situation in which they have value to add and deals in which they are experts. And then sitting across from other people in the deal, building the relationship, making reasonable commitments, and following through. Small companies with low operating expenses
21、, reliable owners, a small number of committed employees, personal client relationships, and sustainable business models that drive a reasonable profit are the great opportunity of our time. Small is the new big. Sustainable is the new growth. Trust is the new competitive advantage. Between my start
22、ing this post and finishing it, Marc Boroditsky called to tell me hes about to book another million-dollar prepaid, three-year contract with another client who said hed lost trust in the other companies hed been considering. The client isnt looking for a seller who has lots of time in the industry,
23、or whos highly capitalized, or who has a long list of big name clients and a flashy (浮华的 ) office. Im sure those things dont hurt. But its not what hes looking for. Hes looking for people he trusts. For a CEO who picks up the phone when it rings. 2 What do we learn about Passlogix from the passage?
24、（ A） It is a private company specializing in hardware development. （ B） It is small but defeated many big companies to win some clients. （ C） It prepaid over a million dollars for another companys service. （ D） Its unusual success is just an exception in this economy. 3 According to the author, the
25、friend who he had breakfast with feels_. （ A） encouraged （ B） depressed （ C） pressured （ D） lucky 4 It is common that in large companies,_. （ A） layoffs are less likely to happen compared with small ones （ B） senior leaders have the final say about who to fire （ C） smart and talented employees will
26、survive the layoff （ D） employees are not sure whether they can hold their jobs 5 Now if one calls his client contact in a large company to discuss business, its likely that he will_. （ A） hear a different voice each time （ B） get reduced prepaid payment （ C） get a sense of security and trust （ D） c
27、ommit long-term dollars to the company 6 It can be learnt from the passage that Passlogixs clients are_. （ A） uncertain about whom to contact if things go wrong （ B） blind to Passlogixs commitment to them （ C） willing to make long-term investments in it （ D） unable to communicate directly with its C
28、EO 7 Why do employees in small companies feel securer than those in big ones? （ A） Their companies hardly go bankrupt. （ B） They get much higher salaries. （ C） They enjoy equal chances of promoting. （ D） They have more chances to be recognized. 8 What has changed peoples trust in big companies? （ A）
29、 The collapse of big companies. （ B） The scandals of their top officers. （ C） The constant and easy layoffs. （ D） The gloom of the economy. 9 The bosses of small companies prefer making their businesses_to selling them out when their companies are doing well. 10 One factor that small companies enjoy
30、 great opportunity in this economy is that their employees are_to them. 11 The client contracted with Marc Boroditsky because the former_in other big sellers. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or
31、more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） The talks havent started yet
32、. （ B） The talks havent achieved much. （ C） The talks have produced a general agreement. （ D） The talks broke down and could go no further. （ A） No one is interested in discussing politics. （ B） People avoid discussing politics. （ C） The woman is not serious. （ D） Politics is a sensitive topic. （ A）
33、 He is going to work part-time. （ B） He doesnt want to work on campus. （ C） He wants to change his class schedule. （ D） He has difficulty finding a part-time job. （ A） He is only interested in the womans ideas. （ B） He will not accept a late paper from the woman. （ C） He will accept a late but good
34、paper from the woman. （ D） He wants the woman to hand in her paper immediately. （ A） The shops are not crowded in December. （ B） People dislike to do shopping in busy shops in winter. （ C） Many people go shopping despite the cold weather in December. （ D） In December people usually stay at home beca
35、use of the cold weather. （ A） Wait and take the class next year. （ B） Become a musician. （ C） Give his presentation without a plan. （ D） Discuss the presentation with the professor. （ A） Find out when the new job begins. （ B） Make more copies of the letter. （ C） Ask for an extension to apply for the
36、 job. （ D） Get a more recent reference letter. （ A） The teacher postponed the meeting. （ B） There wont be an exam this afternoon. （ C） The students will attend the meeting. （ D） The students will have a physical examination. （ A） To have her teeth filled. （ B） To have her teeth pulled. （ C） To have
37、her teeth cleaned. （ D） To have her teeth examined. （ A） Have ones heart transplanted. （ B） Put men onto the moon again. （ C） Advance the tooth-filling technique. （ D） Have ones teeth transplanted. （ A） Tooth transplants are expensive. （ B） Dentists are working on tooth transplant. （ C） Tooth transp
38、lants have been successful. （ D） Tooth transplants have failed. （ A） He has been attacked by someone. （ B） He has got confused about the book. （ C） He has read an instructive book. （ D） He has contacted the writer. （ A） It is essential for the success in life. （ B） It can separate life into differen
39、t stages. （ C） It may be helpful to understand the book. （ D） It can bring hopes to people. （ A） It should be very high. （ B） It should be reasonable. （ C） It should be eternal. （ D） It should be fixed. （ A） It is most closely related to your life. （ B） It concerns the most important stage of life.
40、（ C） It is quite different from the other goals. （ D） It helps achievement of the other goals. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear
41、a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Helping the needy to survive. （ B） Sharing risks of possible losses. （ C） Being compulsory in most countries. （ D） Covering differently according to different situations. （ A） To tell us that accidents may t
42、ake place at any time. （ B） To prove that it is wise to spend money on insurance. （ C） To prove that buying insurance is a wasted investment. （ D） To tell us that the sense of security is very important in driving. （ A） Car, retirement and life insurance. （ B） Business, poverty and health insurance.
43、 （ C） Unemployment, home and life insurance. （ D） Possessions, disability and health insurance. （ A） They are not important. （ B） They are not yet certain. （ C） They have been proved to be wrong. （ D） They have caused a serious trouble. （ A） To make African bees less active. （ B） To increase the num
44、ber of bees in Brazil. （ C） To make Brazilian bees more easy-going. （ D） To increase the amount of honey in Brazil. （ A） Their hard work. （ B） Their bad temper. （ C） Their living environment. （ D） Their production of honey. （ A） Dr. Paulson. （ B） A dormitory attendant. （ C） A financial consultant. （
45、 D） A housing coordinator. （ A） Sign up to move in right away. （ B） Add your name to the waiting list. （ C） Go to ask someone at the apartments. （ D） Go to the Off-campus Housing Office. （ A） Sign you up for family student housing. （ B） Recommend you a new graduate student apartment. （ C） Give you a
46、 list of rentals. （ D） Find a house for you. （ A） Going to see Dr. Paulson. （ B） Going to visit housing areas. （ C） Filling out application forms. （ D） Listening to a talk on financial aid. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the f
47、irst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. Fo
48、r these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 Jeffrey Zaslow, the advice columnist for the Chicago Sun-Times, grew up in suburban Philadelphia. His biggest 【 B1】 _in life was to be a writer. “I never wanted to be anything else,“ he says. “I was ten or el
49、even when I saw Gone with the Wind and I wrote my own Civil War story.“ After 【 B2】 _a degree in 【 B3】_writing at Carnegie Mellon University, he got a job at a newspaper in Orlando, Florida. He made his mark with his article on the 【 B4】 _working conditions endured by the people inside the Mickey and Minnie costumes at Walt Disney World. Later he became a 【 B5】 _writer for The Wall Street Journal. In 1988, when the famous advice colu
